Bertrand Russell.doc

Bertrand Russell First published Thu Dec 7, 1995; substantive revision Thu May 1, 2003 Bertrand Arthur William Russell (b.1872 - d.1970) was a British philosopher, logician, essayist, and social critic, best known for his work in mathematical logic and analytic philosophy. His most influential contributions include his defense of logicism (the view that mathematics is in some important sense reducible to logic), and his theories of definite descriptions and logical atomism. Along with G.E. Moore, Russell is generally recognized as one of the founders of analytic philosophy. Along with Kurt Gdel, he is also regularly credited with being one of the two most important logicians of the twentieth century. Over the course of his long career, Russell made significant contributions, not just to logic and philosophy, but to a broad range of other subjects including education, history, political theory and religious studies. In addition, many of his writings on a wide variety of topics in both the sciences and the humanities have influenced generations of general readers. After a life marked by controversy (including dismissals from both Trinity College, Cambridge, and City College, New York), Russell was awarded the Order of Merit in 1949 and the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1950. Also noted for his many spirited anti-war and anti-nuclear protests, Russell remained a prominent public figure until his death at the age of 97.伯特兰罗素名言语录（中英文版）大 中 小发布人：圣才学习网发布日期：2012-07-19 13:14共1606人浏览Do not fear to be eccentric in opinion，for every opinion now accepted was once eccentric不要害怕怀有怪念头，因为现在人们接受的所有的观念都曾经是怪念头。Democracy is the process by which people choose the man wholl get the blame民主，就是挑选那个受批评的人的过程。Drunkenness is temporary suicide喝醉是暂时性的自杀。I say quite deliberately that the Christian religion，as organized in its Churches，has been and still is the principal enemy of moral progress in the world我明确的说，由教会所组织的基督教是道德进步的最大敌人，过去如此，现在依然如此。A process which led from the amoeba to man appeared to the philosophers to be obviously a progress though whether the amoeba would agree with this opinion is not known从阿米巴变形虫到人类的这一过程对哲学家来说，很明显是个进步。但是变形虫怎么想我们就不知道了。I would never die for my beliefs because I might be wrong我永远不会为信仰而死，因为我的信仰可能是错的。In America everybody is of the opinion that he has no social superiors，since all men are equal，but he does not admit that he has no social inferiors在美国，所有人都认为没有什么人比他的社会地位高，因为人人生而平等。但是，他可不承认没有人比他社会地位低。It has been said that man is a rational animalAll my life I have been searching for evidence which could support this据说人是一种理性动物。穷我自己一生，我都在寻找这观点的证据。Man is a credulous animal，and must believe something；in the absence of good grounds for belief，he will be satisfied with bad ones人是轻信的动物，必须得相信点什么。如果这种信仰没有什么好的依据，糟糕的依据也能对付。Many a man will have the courage to die gallantly，but will not have the courage to say，or even to think，that the cause for which he is asked to die is an unworthy one很多人可以勇敢的死去，但是却没有勇气说他为之而死的原因没有意义，甚至连这样想一想的勇气也没有。Many people when they fall in love look for a little haven of refuge from the world，where they can be sure of being admired when they are not admirable，and praised when they are not praiseworthy很多人陷入爱情是为了寻找一个遁世的避难所。在这个避难所里，当他们不值得爱慕的时候，依然有人爱慕他们，当他们不值得赞扬的时候，依然有人赞扬他们。Many people would sooner die than think；in fact，they do so有很多人，让他们思考一下还不如让他们去死。事实上，很多人还没思考过就已经死了。Men are born ignorant，not stupidThey are made stupid by education人生而无知，但还不愚蠢。教育才把他们变蠢。Conventional people are roused to fury by departure from convention，largely because they regard such departure as a criticism of themselves传统的人看到背离传统的行为就大发雷霆，主要是因为他们把这种背离当作对他们的批评。A hallucination is a fact，not an error；what is erroneous is a judgment based upon it幻觉不是你的错，在幻觉中做决定，这就是你的不对了。A life without adventure is likely to be unsatisfying，but a life in which adventure is allowed to take whatever form it will is sure to be short生活中完全没有冒险，这可能是没什么意思的。但是生活中如果不管什么种类的探险都有，那肯定是短暂的。Against my will，in the course of my travels，the belief that everything worth knowing was known at Cambridge gradually wore offIn this respect my travels were very useful to me我曾相信，所有值得知道之事，我在剑桥都知道了。在我旅行的过程之中，这一想法逐渐消失了。这与我本意相反，但是却对