翻译作业2(词汇2讲解)

,Chapter2,您的内容请写在这里您的内容,Sinceeconomicopeningupandreformpolicybeganin1978,Chinaseconomyhasgrown90timesandisthefastestgrowingmajoreconomicentityintheworld.,1.自1978年改革开放以来，中国的经济增长了90倍，是增长最快的主要经济体。,全Test5经济发展,.thenationsmanufacturingsector.该国的制造业.theservicesectoroftheHongKongeconomy.香港经济中的服务行业,3.Chinaistheworldslargestexporterofgoodsandthesecondlargestimporter.4.Itisalsoknownastheworldssecondbiggestconsumerofluxurygoods.,3-4.中国是世界上最大的出口国，第二大进口国。也是世界第二大奢侈品消费国。,全Test5,6.Chinasgrowthhasbeenunevenwhencomparingdifferentregions,aswellasruralandurbanareas.,6.不同地区、城乡之间发展也不均衡。,全Test5,7.Developedareashavebeenmainlylocatedinthesouth-easterncoastalregions,whiletheremainderofthiscountryareleftbehind.,7.发达地区集中在东南沿海，其余地方则普遍落后。,全Test5,1.Sinceeconomicopeningupandreformpolicybeganin1978,Chinaseconomyhasgrown90timesandisthefastestgrowingmajoreconomicentityintheworld.2.ChinasannualaverageGDPgrowthispredictedtobe9.5percentfortheperiodof2011to2015.3.Chinaistheworldslargestexporterofgoodsandthesecondlargestimporter.4.Itisalsoknownastheworldssecondbiggestconsumerofluxurygoods.5.ItnowhasthesecondlargestGDPintheworld,atabout6trillionU.S.dollars,40percentoftheUnitedStates,butitspercapitaincome/amountisonly4300dollars.6.Chinasgrowthhasbeenunevenwhencomparingdifferentregions,aswellasruralandurbanareas.7.Developedareashavebeenmainlylocatedinthesouth-easterncoastalregions,whiletheremainderofthiscountryareleftbehind.,1.自1978年改革开放以来，中国的经济增长了90倍，是增长最快的主要经济体(economicentity)。2.预测2011到2015年，年均GDP增长会保持9.5%。3-4.中国是世界上最大的出口国，第二大进口国。也是世界第二大奢侈品消费国。5.目前GDP位于世界第二，大约6万亿美元，相当于美国的四成，但人均(percapita)只有4300美元。6.不同地区、城乡之间发展也不均衡。7.发达地区集中在东南沿海，其余地方则普遍落后。,全Test5,2.Duringthisperiod,manygreatinventionsinthefieldofscienceandtechnologyweremade,includingtheinventionsofprinting,paper,gunpowderandcompass.,2.在此期间，有许多重要的科技发明，包括印刷术(printing)、造纸术、火药和指南针。,全Test5中国古文化,5.ChineseisthemothertongueoftheChinesepeople,containingover40000characters.,5.汉语是中国人的母语，有超过四万个汉字。,全Test5,1.Chinaisoneoftheworldsoldestcivilizations,withahistoryofmorethanfivethousandyears.2.Duringthisperiod,manygreatinventionsinthefieldofscienceandtechnologyweremade,includingtheinventionsofprinting,paper,gunpowderandcompass.3.Theperiodalsosawtheconstructionofmanyfamousbuildings,suchastheGreatWallwhichstretchesover8000kilometers.4.Chinahasapopulationofmorethan1.3billion,whichmeansthatinevery5peopleintheworld,oneisChinese.5peopleintheworld.5.ChineseisthemothertongueoftheChinesepeople,containingover40000characters.6.Awell-educatedpersoncanrecognizearound6000characters,andabout3000arerequiredtoreadanewspaper.,1.中国是世界文明古国之一，有五千多年的历史。2.在此期间，有许多重要的科技发明，包括印刷术(printing)、造纸术、火药(gunpowder)和指南针(compass)。3.还有很多著名的建筑，比如绵延八千多公里的长城。4.中国有13亿多人口，也就是说世界上每5个人中就有一个是中国人。5.汉语是中国人的母语，有超过四万个汉字。6.受过良好教育的人能认识约六千字，阅读报纸只需要认识三千字左右。,全Test6,1.Theconceptof“face”canbedescribedassomeonessocialstatusorreputationintheeyesofothers.,1面子是某个人在他人眼中的社会地位和名声。,全Test7面子,5.Eventomakesomeonelosefaceunintentionallyisahugedishonorandcouldmeantheendofarelationship.,5即使是无意中让别人没面子，也是极其眼中的冒犯，可能以为这断绝关系。,全Test7,6.Chinesepeoplenevercriticize,ignoreormakefunofapersoninfrontofothers,evenjokingly.,6中国人不会公开批评、忽视或者取笑他人，即使是开玩笑。,全Test7,1.Theconceptof“face”canbedescribedassomeonessocialstatusorreputationintheeyesofothers.2.ThroughoutaChinesepersonslife,hemaintainsandenhanceshis“face”withwordsandactions.3.Itmaybesomethingassmallaswhogetsintotheelevatorfirstorastheawardingofmultimilliondollarcontracts.4.Losingfaceequalslosingpowerorinfluence.5.Eventomakesomeonelosefaceunintentionallyisahugedishonorandcouldmeantheendofarelationship.6.Chinesepeoplenevercriticize,ignoreormakefunofapersoninfrontofothers,evenjokingly.7.Whendiscussingindividualperformance,theyalwaysemphasizegoodpointsbeforebadones.,1面子是某个人在他人眼中的社会地位和名声。2中国人一生都用言语和行为维护和提升面子。3可以小到谁先上电梯，也可以大到百万美元的合同授予（awarding）。4没有面子也就没有影响力。5即使是无意中让别人没面子，也是极其眼中的冒犯(dishonor)，可能以为这断绝关系。6中国人不会公开批评、忽视或者取笑他人，即使是开玩笑。7点评别人的成绩是，也是先说优点，再讲不足。,全Test7,1.Chineseeducatorshavelongrealizedthatreadingisofgreatimportancetoanation.,1中国教育工作者早就认识到读书对于国家的重要意义。,CET4(2014-6)读书,3.Theyemphasizedthatpeopleshouldreadgoodbooks,especiallytheclassicones.,3他们强调，人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作。,CET4(2014-6),4.Inreading,peoplecanbetterlearntobegrateful,responsibleandcooperative,theverybasicqualitieseducationintendstofoster.,4通过阅读，人们能更好滴学会感恩、有责任心和与人合作(用形容词)，而教育的目的正式要培养这些基本素质。,CET4(2014-6),5.Readingisespeciallyimportantforstudentsintheprimaryschoolandmiddleschool;ifinterestofreadingisnotfostered(培养)atthatcriticalperiod,itwillbequitedifficulttocultivatethehabitofreadinglater.,5阅读对于中小学生尤其重要，加入他们没有在这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要养成阅读的习惯就很难了。,CET4(2014-6),1.Chineseeducatorshavelongrealizedthatreadingisofgreatimportancetoanation.2.SomeofthemevenproposedtoestablishtheNationalReadingDayin2008.3.Theyemphasizedthatpeopleshouldreadgoodbooks,especiallytheclassicones.4.Inreading,peoplecanbetterlearntobegrateful,responsibleandcooperative,theverybasicqualitieseducationintendstofoster.5.Readingisespeciallyimportantforstudentsintheprimaryschoolandmiddleschool;ifinterestofreadingisnotfosteredatthatcriticalperiod,itwillbequitedifficulttocultivatethehabitofreadinglater.,1中国教育工作者早就认识到读书对于国家的重要意义。2有些教育工作者2003年就建议设立全民读书日。3他们强调，人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作。4通过阅读，人们能更好滴学会感恩、有责任心和与人合作，而教育的目的正式要培养这些基本素质。5阅读对于中小学生尤其重要，加入他们没有在这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要养成阅读的习惯就很难了。,CET4(2014-6),1.Inordertopromoteeducationequity,Chinahas36billionyuantoimprovetheeducationfacilitiesinruralareasandstrengthenruralcompulsoryeducationinthecentralandwesternregions.,1.为了促进教育公平，中国已经投入360亿元，用语改善农村地区教育设施和加强中西部地区农村义务教育(compulsoryeducation)。,CET4(2014-6)教育公平,2.Thefundsisusedtobettertheschoolsteachingfacilitiesandpurchasebooks,fromwhichmorethan160000middleandprimaryschoolshavegainedbenefits.,2.这些资金用语改善教学设施、购买书籍，使16万多所中小学受益。,CET4(2014-6),4.Nowadays,childreninruralandmountainousareascanhaveaccesstomusicanddrawinglessonsjustlikechildrenincoastalcities.,4.现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。,CET4(2014-6),5.Somestudentswhohadoncetransferredtourbanschoolsforbettereducationnowreturntothelocalruralschools.,5.一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。,CET4(2014-6),Chinashouldfurtherdevelopnuclearenergy,becausenuclearpowercurrentlyaccountsforonly2%ofitstotalgeneratingcapacity.2.Theproportionranksthe30thamongallcountriespossessingnuclearenergy,whichisalmostthelowest.3.ChinasnuclearpowerdevelopmentstoppedafterthenuclearpowerstationaccidentinJapaninMarch,2001.4.Theapprovalofnewnuclearpowerplantswassuspended,andthenationwidenuclearenergysafetyinspectionstarted.5.ItwasntuntilOctober,2012thattheexaminationandapprovalwasrestoredcautiously.6.Withtheimprovementoftechnologyandsafetymeasures,thepossibilityofnuclearaccidentscandefinitelybeminimized.7.Inotherwords,thenuclearenergycanbeexploitedandutilizedsafely.,1.中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2%。2.该比例在多有核国家中居第30位，几乎是最低的。3-4.2011年3月日本核电站事故后，中国的核能开发停了下来，中止审批新的核电站，并开展全国性的核安全检查。5.到2012年10月，审批才有谨慎地恢复。6.随着技术和安全措施的改进，发生核事故的可能性完全可以降低到最低程度。7换句话说，核能是可以安全开发和利用的。,CET4(2014-6),1.Chinashouldfurtherdevelopnuclearenergy,becausenuclearpowercurrentlyaccountsforonly2%ofitstotalgeneratingcapacity.,1.中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2%。,CET4(2014-6)核能,2.Theproportionranksthe30thamongallcountriespossessingnuclearenergy,whichisalmostthelowest.,2.该比例在多有核国家中居第30位，几乎是最低的。,CET4(2014-6),3.ChinasnuclearpowerdevelopmentstoppedafterthenuclearpowerstationaccidentinJapaninMarch,2001.4.Theapproval(审批)ofnewnuclearpowerplantswassuspended,andthenationwide(全国性的)nuclearenergysafetyinspectionstarted.,3-4.2011年3月日本核电站事故后，中国的核能开发停了下来；中止审批新的核电站，并开展全国性的核安全检查。,CET4(2014-6),5.ItwasntuntilOctober,2012thattheexaminationandapprovalwasrestoredcautiously.,5.到2012年10月，审批才有谨慎地恢复。,CET4(2014-6),7.Inotherwords,thenuclearenergycanbee