译林版五年级下册英语讲义语法归纳 介词用法含答案

where和how的用法及练习1where询问什么地方。如：- Where are you?你在哪儿？- Im at home.我在家。- Where do you live?你住在哪儿？- I live in Shanghai.我住在上海。2how是特殊疑问句中本领最大的疑问词，具体用法如下：(1)表示（方式、方法）怎样，怎么- How do you go to school?你怎么去学校的？（交通方式）-I go to school by bike. 我乘自行车去学校。- How does she study English?她是怎样学习英语的？（方式）- Listen more，read more，write more. 多听，多读，多写。(2)指健康等情况- How is Miss Zhang?张小姐身体好吗？- Shes fine.她很好。- How are you?你身体如何？- Im fine.我很好。- How do you feel?你感觉怎么样？-I feel ill.我觉得生病了。(3)询问天气情况- How is the weather in Beijing? 北京的天气怎样？同义句：Whats the weather like in Beijing?(4)指数量、程度多少，后接其它形容词或副词，可以构成各类疑问词- How many students are there in your class? 你班里有多少学生？- Twenty.二十人。(how many多少)- How long will you stay here? 你要在这儿呆多久？-A week.一周。(how long多久)- How often do you go to a movie?你多久看一次电影？- Twice a week。 一周两次。(how often多久一次)- How far is your home from the library? 你家离图书馆有多远？-A kilometer. 一公里。(how far多远)小试牛刀：1My father goes to work by car.（对划线部分提问）2They are on the table.（对划线部分提问）3There are fifty students in the classroom.（对划线部分提问）4She is fine.（对划线部分提问）5I feel ill now.（对划线部分提问） 地点介词的用法及练习一、at，in和on的用法at，in和on表示地点、场所、位置等，一般有以下用法：in后面接国家、城市、乡镇和房屋等，on后面通常接街道或者楼层（街道前也可以用in at可接具体的门牌号码。如：live in China, live in Yangzhou, live in Sunshine Town, live in a big houselive on/in Park Street, live on the fifth floorlive at 33 Moon Street(1)表示某一点位置，用at。如：We live at No. 87 Beijing Road. 我们住在北京路87号。The hospital is at the end of the street. 医院在这条街的尽头。与名词所有格连用表示地点，也用at。如：at my sisters在我姐姐家 at the doctors在医务室(2)表示空间或范围，用ill。如：Whats in the box?盒子里有什么？He lives in Paris with his wife. 他同他妻子住在巴黎。(3)at与in的区别at表示“在某地”，后接较狭窄的场所，in表示“在某地”，常用于接宽敞的场所。如：in Shanghai在上海 at the station在车站(4)介词on用于地点主要指在某物的表面，如：Whats on the table?桌上有什么？Theres a wallet lying on the ground.地上有个钱包。注：在少数搭配中，也用介词on，如：He works on a farm.他在农场工作。注：in the tree在树上（多指树外之物）on the tree在树上（多指树本身之物）二、near，beside，by和next to的用法1near作形容词。表示“邻近的，接近的”。也可以表示“亲密的，近亲的”。如：He is my near friend. 他是我亲密的朋友。2near可以用作介词。意为：“在一附近”或“接近，近”如：Theres a shop near my house. 在我家附近有一个商店。It is near dinner time. 快到吃晚饭的时间了。3beside是介词。表示“在旁边”时，可以和next to替换。如：He is sitting beside the river. 他正坐在河的旁边。同义句：He is sitting next to the river.4near表示“在附近”。表示的距离比by和beside稍远些，可和beside换用，如：There is a park near his home.他家附近有一家公园。同义句：There is a park beside his home.5by和beside均表示“旁边”，常可换用。如： 乎The hotel is beside/by the river那家饭店在河边。Come and sit beside/by me.过来，坐在我边上。6by的其他用法。by bus是表示交通方式的介词短语，用来回答how引导的特殊问句。by的意思是“靠、用、通过”等意思，后面跟表示交通工具的名词，且名词前不需要冠词。如：by bus/ bike/ plane/ ship/ taxi/ train/ metro/ car/ jeep.乘坐，注意中间没有the或a/an。此时，可以用take+交通工具，来替换。如：I go to school by bus. 我坐公共汽车上学。同义句：I take a bus to school.小试牛刀：一、用on,in和at填空。1. Mike is ill_home today.2. Im_China with my parents.3. Ill meet my uncle_the airport at five past one.4. Theres a picture_the wall.5. Lucy likes skating_the ice in December.6. There are some apples_the bag.7. We live_No. 87 Beijing Road.8. He lives_Sunshine Town.9. Theres a book_the ground.10. He works_a big ship.二、根据要求改写句子。1.I go to the cinema by metro.同义句：_2.I take the train to Shanghai.同义句：_3. My house is near the park.同义句：_4. Liu Tao sits beside Wang Bing.同义句：_Unit 2语法综合练习一、选出与其他两项不同类的一项。( )1Ataxi Bcar Cby( )2.A. ride B.bike C.show( )3.A. metro B.near C.behind( )4.A. driver B.plane C.ship二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. We go to school on_(foot).2. My mother_(go) to work by bike.3. Mr Brown_(live) near the zoo.4. There are some_(ship) on the lake.5. My father doesnt_(think) so.6. My brother_(have)a new toy car.7. Sometimes I show my photos to_(they).8. The little boy is too_(old), so he cant go to school.三、按要求改写句子。1We live in Wuxi.（改为一般疑问句） _ _you_in Wuxi?2My father goes to work by car every day.（对划线部分提问） _ _your father_to work every day?3She lives near the library.（对划线部分提问） _ does she_?4Please show me your new bag.（改为同义句） Please_your new bag_me.5They live far from school.（改为同义句）They_live_school.6He comes to school by metro.（改为否定句） He_ _to school by metro.四、根据中文提示完成句子。1我们有时步行去学校，有时骑自行车去。 We sometimes go to school_, sometimes_2他住在学校附近，但是离公园远。He_school, but its _ _the park.3街上有许多汽车、自行车和公交车。 There are many_,_and_on the street.4我们通常乘飞机去拜访北京的叔叔。 We usually_our uncle in Beijing_ _.5他每年乘火车去许多城市。He_to many_by_every year.where 和 how的用法及练习小试牛刀：1. How does your father go to work?2. Where are they?3. How many students are there in the classroom?4. How is she?5. How do you feel now?地点介词的用法及练习小试牛刀：一、1. at 2. in 3. at 4. on 5. on 6. in 7. at 8. in 9. on 10. on二、1. I take a metro to the cinema.2. I go to Shanghai by train.3. My house is beside/ next to the park.4. Liu Tao sits next to / by Wang Bing. 语法综合练习一、1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A二、1. foot 2. goes 3