集美大学船舶操纵与避碰英文课件7

7Shiphandlinginspecialwaters,InnarrowchannelInheavyweatherInice,7.1shiphandlinginnarrowchannel,7.1shiphandlinginnarrowchannel,7.1shiphandlinginnarrowchannel,7.1shiphandlinginnarrowchannel,Navigatingabendinanarrowchannel-takeadvantageofcurrent:faircurrent,headcurrent-usebankeffectstoadvantage,7.1shiphandlinginnarrowchannel,NegotiateabendwithfaircurrentNegotiateabendwithunfaircurrent-faircurrenthelpsthesternaroundabendwhenitstrikesthequarter.Sothesterncomesaroundatagreaterrate.Atthesametime,thebowisassistedbytheeddycurrentsreflectedoutofthebend,7.1shiphandlinginnarrowchannel,Negotiateabendwithheadcurrent,Keeptheshiptoouterside,7.2Inheavyweather,ContingentplanverifyshipspositionObtainup-to-dateweatherforecastswarnalldepartmentsofimpendingheavyweatherriglifelinesforeandaft,7.2.1Inheavyweather-preparation,Checking:anchorsandsecuring,lifeboatsandlashings,watertightdoors,generalcargostowageandsecuring,deckcargolashings;securingderricks/cranes,hatchcovers;checkstability,noslacktanks;closeupwentilation-removingcowlwhereappropriate;clearsurplusgearfromdeckssecurethebridgeforexcessivepitchingandrollingmotion;,7.2Inheavyweather,warnengineroominplentyoftimetoreducerevolutionscheckdistressrocketandLSAgear(lifesavingapparatus),7.2.2Inheavyweather-handling,headtosea,withwindandseafineonthebow,runningatreducedspeedsterntosea,atreducedspeed,runningbeforethewind(scudding)heavingto:preferablyintheleeofalandmass,toallowtheweathertopass,7.2.2Inheavyweather,anchoring;dependingthedepthoftheseaalteringcourseinplentyoftimetotakeevasiveactionawayfromadverseconditionturningdrifting,7.2.2.1turninginheavyweather,Choosetherightmomenttoturn:carefullyobservetherecurrentcycleoflargeandsmallwaves,tomaketheturninacomparativelycalmperiodTurnasquicklyaspossible:fulluseoftherudderandpropellersWithouttoomuchheadwayontheship,7.2.2.1turninginheavyweather,Turningwhenshipishove-tosea:Startturningjustbeforethearrivalofarelativelycalmperiod,thefirsthalfoftheturnshouldbeexecutedunderfullrudderandwithshortburstsoftheenginesTurningwhenshipisrunningbeforethesea:slowdown,thefirsthalfofturnshouldbemadewithaslittleheadwayaspossible,thelasthalfofturnshouldbemadeinacomparativelycalmperiod.,7.2.2.3Inheavyweather-driftng,UseofoiltocalmtheseaUseofseaanchor,7.2.3Avoidanceoftropicalrevolvingstorm,CharacteristicsofTRSEvasiveaction,7.2.3.1GeneralTropicalCycloneCharacteristics,7.2.3.2NavigatingToClearTheTropicalCyclone,7.2.1NavigatingToClearTheTropicalCyclone,7.3Shiphandlinginice,IceIcewatersInformationOperatinginiceIcedamage,7.3.1Shiphandlinginice-Ice,LandIce:Iceoflandoriginisformedonlandbythefreezingoffreshwaterorthecompactingofsnowaslayeruponlayeraddstothepressureonthatbeneath.Icebergs,growler,SeaIce:Seaiceformsbythefreezingofseawaterandaccountsfor95percentofalliceencountered.,7.3.1Shiphandlinginice-Pinnaclediceberg,7.3.1Shiphandlinginice,7.3.1Shiphandlinginice,7.3.2Shiphandlinginice-Icewaters,Atlantic:N40(AprilJune);S45Pacific:6054S(AugustSeptember),7.3.3Shiphandlinginice-Information,Frompublication:-RoutingChart(pilotChart)-Sailingdirection(IceReport)-ICEATLAS-OCEANROUTES,7.3.3Shiphandlinginice-information,FromothervesselDetectedbyRadar-Growler:2miles-small-mediumberg:5-10miles-largeberg:15-20miles,7.3.3Shiphandlinginice-information,SignsoftheproximityoficeIceblinksAbsenceofseaorswellHerdsofsealorflocksofrazorbillsfarfromlandLoudnoiseakintogunfireEchoesfromthesirenSeasurface,7.3.4Operatinginice,SafestrouteAlookoutisessentialduringdaylightshoursEquippedwithradar(otherwisestoppedduringhoursofdarkness)Equippedwithreliableenginesandsteeringgear,andwithanice-breakerbow,7.3.4.1Operatinginice-principles,KeepmovingintotheiceandmakingheadwayTomovewiththeice,notagainstitMaintainfreedomtomoveWithpatience,7.3.4.2Operatinginice-icebound,Consideramovementofastern(avoidmovementasterncontinuous)Continuousplottingofshipsposition,7.3.4.3Operatinginice-icedamage,Severewearoftheoute