甘肃省兰州市联片办学2019-2020学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）

甘肃省兰州市联片办学2019-2020学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）第i卷（选择题）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。asydney day toursport stephens day tourslabeled “blue water paradise”, port stephens is known for its beauty and marine surroundings with over 19 miles of clean, white and sandy beaches. it is home to around 150 bottlenose dolphin and thus called the dolphin capital of australia.highlights: dolphin watching; australian reptile parkoperates: mon wed & sat-8 amadults: $195 children: $98note: not suitable from dec. 20th, 2017 to jan. 9th, 2018 in christmas & ny period, feb. 14th-22th, 2018 in chinese ny.sydney city day tourssydney is a big city, filled with lots of landmarks and attractions to see. this can make it a stressful task to plan your own vacation in sydney. luckily, our tours are designed to allow you to see all of sydneys most famous landmarks. you can rest and make sure that you will be seeing all that sydney has to offer.highlights: harbour bridge; sydney opera houseoperates: daily-8 amadults: $129 children: $65blue mountains toursthese blue mountains tours from sydney have been designed for the adventures and people who like to enjoy bushwalking. additionally, these blue mountains day tours includes a tough walk from glenbrook to the wentworth falls.highlights: see australian wildlife up-close; guided hike at wentworth falls.operates: daily8 amadults: $99 children: $74note: a good level of fitness is required for the bush walk. minimum child age is 11 years.1. which one is not proper time for the port stephens day tours?a. jan. 13th, 2018 (sat.).b. jan. 15th, 2018 (mon.).c. jab. 24th, 2018 (wed.).d. feb. 15th, 2018 (thur.).2. what can tourists enjoy on sydney city day tours?a. marine surroundings.b. harbour bridge.c. dolphin watching.d. adventurous activities.3. which of the following is true according to the advertisement?a. all the tours are available every day.b. sydney city has the most landmarks and attractions in the world.c. children 10 years and under are not permitted on blue mountains tours.d. all the tours are charged and designed only for adventures.【答案】1. d 2. b 3. c【解析】本文是一则广告，介绍了悉尼的一些的旅游线路。【1题详解】细节理解题。由port stephens day tours部分的operates: mon, wed & sat-8 am可知feb. 15th, 2018(thur.)不在这个时间范围内，故选d。【2题详解】细节理解题。由sydney city day tours部分的highlights: harbour bridge; sydney opera house可知在sydney city day tours游览中，游客可以欣赏harbour bridge，故选b。【3题详解】细节理解题。由blue mountains tours部分的minimum child age is 11 years.可知十岁和十岁以下的孩子不允许参加blue mountains tours，故选c。bit doesnt matter when and how much a person sleeps, but everyone needs some rest to stay alive. thats what all doctors thought, until they heard about herpin. herpin, it was said, never slept. could this be true? the doctors decided to see this strange man themselves.herpin was 90 years old when the doctors came to his home in new jersey. they thought for sure that he got some sleep of some kind. so they stayed with him and watched every movement he made. but they were surprised. though they watched him hour after hour and day after day, they never saw him sleeping. in fact, he did not even own a bed. he never needed one.the only rest that herpin sometimes got was sitting in a comfortable chair and reading newspapers. the doctors were puzzled by this strange continuous sleeplessness. they asked him many questions, hoping to find an answer. they found only one answer that might explain his condition. herpin remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he was born. but that was all. was this the real reason? no one could be sure. herpin died at the age of 94.4. the main idea of this passage is that_.a. large numbers of people do not need sleep.b. a person was found who actually didnt need any sleep.c. everyone needs some sleep to stay alive.d. people can live longer by trying not to sleep.5. the doctors came to visit herpin, expecting_.a. to cure him of his sleeplessness.b. to find that his sleeplessness was not really true.c. to find out why some old people did not need any sleep.d. to find a way to free people from the need of sleeping.6. after watching him closely, the doctors came to believe that herpin_.a. needed some kind of sleep.b. was too old to need any sleep.c. needed no sleep at all.d. often sleeps in a chair.7. one reason that might explain herpins sleeplessness was _.a. his mothers injury before he was born.b. that he had gradually got rid of the sleeping habit.c. his good physical condition.d. that he hadnt got a bed.【答案】4. b 5. b 6. c 7. a【解析】这是一篇说明文。睡眠对于每个人来说，都是必不可少的。文章介绍了一个不需要睡眠的奇怪的人。医生们对他非常好奇，经过调查发现，可能的原因是herpin的妈妈在生他之前受过伤。【4题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段“but everyone needs some rest to stay alive. thats what all doctors thought, until they heard about herpin. herpin, it was said, never slept. could this be true? the doctors decided to see this strange man themselves.”可知，每个人都需要睡眠，但是herpin是一个特例，据说herpin从未睡过觉。医生们决定亲自见一下这个人。因此，短文主要是是关于一个从不睡觉的人。故选b项。【5题详解】推理判断题。由第二段“they thought for sure that he got some sleep of some kind. so they stayed with him and watched every movement he made.”可知，医生们肯定地认为herpin或多或少有睡眠，所以他们和他在一起，观察他的一举一动。由此推断出，医生来看望herpin，希望发现他的不睡觉不是真的。故选b项。【6题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“they never saw him sleeping. in fact, he did not even own a bed. he never needed one.”可知，他们从未见过他睡觉。事实上，他甚至连一张床都没有。他从来不需要。所以医生们亲眼看过之后，相信了herpin从来不需要睡眠的事实。故选c项。【7题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段“herpin remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he was born.”可知，herpin想起了他母亲在他出生前几天受伤事。所以能够解释herpin不睡觉的原因是，他妈妈在生他的几天前受过伤。故选a项。chave you ever stayed in a hotel? most chinese hotels often provide guests with things like disposable (一次性的) toothbrushes, toothpaste, shampoo and slippers.many guests like the idea because they dont have to bring their own. but, if you travel to beijing, remember to bring your own things. starting from june, some hotels in beijing will no longer provide guests with these disposables. they want to ask people to use less disposable things.many disposable things are made of plastic. people throw them away after only using them once. it is a waste of natural resources (资源) and is very bad for the environment. do you know, one chinese person makes as much as 400kg of waste a year! most of that waste comes from disposable things. in beijing, people throw away about 19,000 tons of plastic bags and 1,320 tons of plastic lunch bowls every year! plastic can take between 100 and 400 years to break down. so the less plastic we throw out, the better. so, wherever you travel, bring your own things and use them again and again.back at home and school, you can also do something to make our world a better place. try to do these things in your daily life: use cloth shopping bags, not plastic ones. after using a plastic bag, wash it out and let it dry. then you can use it over and over again. do not use paper cups. at your school canteen（食堂）, use your own bowl and chopsticks instead of disposable ones.8. why do many hotels provide guests with some disposable things?a let their guests be convenient during their travelling.b. hope their guests use less disposable things.c. wish their guests to save money.d. want their guests to use more disposable things.9. some beijing hotels will no longer provide guests with _.a. cheap food and drinkb. disposable thingsc good serviced. free tv programmes.10. which of the following is not true?a. many disposable things are made of plastic.b. throwing disposable things away is a waste of natural resources.c. plastic is very bad for the environment.d. plastic breaks down easily.11. what can we do to make our world a better place at home and school?a. use shopping bags made of plastic.b. do not throw away paper cups.c. use disposable plates, bowls and chopsticks.d. do not forget to reuse daily necessities（日用品）.【答案】8. a 9. b 10. d 11. d【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文主要介绍现在你去北京旅行要自己带洗漱用品，因为从六月开始，一些酒店不再提供这些一次性用品。每年因为这样一个人能够产生400千克的垃圾。因此无论你是在家还是在学校，你都不要使用塑料袋，纸杯，筷子等一次性用品减少垃圾保护环境。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“many guests like the idea because they dont have to bring their own”可知，许多客人喜欢这个主意，因为他们不必带他们自己的洗漱用品。所以为什么很多酒店会给客人提供一次性用品是让他们的客人在旅行时感到方便。故选a项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“some hotels in beijing will no longer provide guests with these disposables”可知，在北京的一些酒店将不再为客人提供这些一次性用品。故选b项。【10题详解】细节理解题题。由第三段“plastic can take between 100and 400years to break down”可知，塑料可以在100到400年之间分解。所以c选项塑料容易分解不正确。故选d项。【11题详解】细节理解题。由第四段“try to do these things in your daily life：use cloth shopping bags，not plastic onesafter using a plastic bag，wash it out and let it drythen you can use it over and over againdo not use paper cupsat your school canteen（食堂），use your own bowl and chopsticks instead of disposable ones”可知，试着在日常生活中做这些事情：用布购物袋，不要用塑料袋，用塑料袋后，把它洗干净再晾干，然后你可以一次又一次地使用它不要再用纸杯，在学校食堂，用自己的碗和筷子代替一次性筷子。所以我们可以不要忘记重复使用日常必需品，这会使我们的家庭和学校变得更好。故选d项。dwhen asked why he or she wears clothes, some people will probably answer to keep warm and to cover my body. these are the basic reasons why clothes are worn, but people also want to look attractive and appear successful to others.if people only wore clothes for warmth and to cover their bodies, most clothes would be simple and cheap. in most western countries, however, clothes are sometimes very expensive. the main reason for this is not the cost of the cloth or the cost of making the clothes. the clothes are expensive because of fashion(时尚).successful businessmen, for example, often wear very expensive suits, shirts and ties. sometimes they pay thousands of dollars for a suit and hundreds of dollars for a tie. its just a suit and a tie but they pay these prices because of the famous name of the designer. a suit costing much less would be just as warm and would cover the wearers body just as well.fashion is always changing, which means those who want to be fashionable have to buy new clothes every few months, even if last months clothes have only been worn once or twice. some people have wardrobes full of clothes that have hardly been worn but are no longer in fashion. being fashionable, therefore, can be a very expensive pastime（消遣）!12. what do people basically wear clothes for?a. looking attractive to others.b. following the fashion.c. appearing successful to others.d. keeping warm and covering bodies.13. we can learn from the passage that _.a. fashion is an expensive pastime.b. fashion is not always changingc. expensive clothes are warmerd. fashion designers like expensive clothes14. what does the underlined word “wardrobes” in paragraph 4 mean?a. fashionable clothes shops.b. the clothes that some people have.c. cupboards for storing clothes.d. shelves used for keeping books.15. what is the passage mainly about?a. suits and ties.b. clothes and fashion.c. beauty and success.d. cost and pastime.【答案】12. d 13. a 14. c 15. b【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍人类穿衣服的基本需求是保暖，但是现在更多的人是为了追求时尚买一些很贵的衣服，但是时尚在不断的变化，所以很多人的衣橱充满了过时的衣服，时尚是一个昂贵的消遣方式。【12题详解】细节理解题。由第一段“when asked why he or she wears clothes, some people will probably answer to keep warm and to cover my body”可知，人当被问及为什么要穿衣服时，有些人可能会回答“为了保暖和遮挡身体”。所以人们穿衣服主要是为了保暖。故选d项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“the clothes are expensive because of fashion”可知，衣服贵的原因是它们是时尚的。所以我们可以从这篇文章中学到时尚是一种昂贵的消遣方式。故选a项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。由最后段“full of clothes that have hardly been worn but are no longer in fashion”可知，装满了几乎没有穿过但不再流行的衣服。所以根据上下文语境可以判断出，第四段下划线的“wardrobes” 是指储藏衣服的橱柜。故选c项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是从最后一段“fashion is always changing, which means those who want to be fashionable have to buy new clothes every few months”可知，时尚总是在变化的，这意味着那些想要时尚的人不得不每隔几个月就买新衣服。所以这篇文章讲的主要是衣服和时尚的话题。故选b项。【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或thats to say，such as等。逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。由最后段“full of clothes that have hardly been worn but are no longer in fashion”可知，装满了几乎没有穿过但不再流行的衣服。所以根据上下文语境可以判断出，第四段下划线的“wardrobes” 是指储藏衣服的橱柜。故小题3选c项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。everyone wants to be self-confident, but maybe we just dont know how to be. here are some tips on how you can feel more confident about yourself._16_ everyone has shortcomings. when you have found your shortcomings, work to overcome them. if you are a shy person, take part in social activities, such as parties, and speak to at least one or two people there.second, try to spend more time with positive people. successful and confident people have their own ways of settling problems. _17_third, set goals for yourself. with each goal you achieve, you self-confidence will increase. _18_ we are afraid that we might lose. stop thinking like that and give yourself a chance.fourth, start each day with a sense of opportunity. _19_think positively about yourself.actually everyone has his or her own way of becoming confident. _20_ friends might have useful suggestions, too.in short, as long as you try new things, you are sure to become more confident.a. you should talk with your friends.b. pay attention and learn from them.c. first, dont think about your weak points.d. its not always right to ask friends for help.e. sometimes we might be afraid of trying new things.f. first, you should know what your weak points are.g. start your day by reading something encouraging.【答案】16. f 17. b 18. e 19. g 20. a【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一些关于如何让自己更自信的建议。【16题详解】根据下文：everyone has shortcomings. when you have found your shortcomings, work to overcome them.每个人都有缺点，当你发现你的缺点时，要去克服它们。可知首先你要知道你的弱点所在。由下文的second，third，fourth等也可得出答案。故选f。【17题详解】根据上句successful and confident people have their own ways of settling problems.（成功和自信的人有自己解决困难的方法。）可知关注向他们学习。故答案为b。【18题详解】根据空格下句“we are afraid that we might lose. stop thinking like that and give yourself a chance.”（我们害怕可能会失去。别那样想，给自己一个机会。）可知有时候我们会害怕尝试新事物。故答案为e。【19题详解】根据上句“fourth, start each day with a sense of opportunity. ”（带着机会感开始每一天。）再根据空格下句“think positively about yourself.”（积极地看待自己。）可知g. start your day by reading something encouraging.（阅读令人受鼓舞的事情来开始你的每一天。）符合题意。故答案为g。【20题详解】根据下句“friends might have useful suggestions, too.”（朋友可能有一些有用的建议。）可知上文的意思是：你应该和你的朋友谈话。故答案为a。 【点睛】七选五阅读题，有部分题出现在每一段的开始位置，若问题在段首：1.通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。 2.与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找 相关特征词。一般来说正确答案与它后面的一句话的在意思上是衔接的，所以通常情况下，这两句话中会 有某种的衔接手段。本题第1小题，根据下文：everyone has shortcomings. when you have found your shortcomings, work to overcome them.每个人都有缺点，当你发现你的缺点时，要去克服它们。可知首先你要知道你的弱点所在。故选f。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。a little boy invited his mother to attend his schools first teacher-parent meeting. to the little boys _21_, she said she would go. this _22_be the first time that his classmates and teacher _23_ his mother and he felt _24_ of her appearance. although she was a beautiful woman, there was a severe scar（疤痕）that _25_ nearly the entire right side of her face. the boy never wanted to _26_ why or how she got the scar.at the meeting, the people were _27_by the kindness and natural beauty of his mother in spite of (不管) the _28_, but the little boy was still embarrassed（尴尬）and _29_himself from everyone. he did, however, get within _30_ of a talk between his mother and his teacher.the teacher asked _31_ ,“how did you get the scar on your face?”the mother replied, “ _32_ my son was a baby, he was in a room that caught fire. everyone was _33_ afraid to go in because the fire was _34_ , so i went in. as i was running toward his bed, i saw a long piece of wood coming down and i placed myself over him trying to protect him. i was knocked senseless but luckily, a fireman came in and saved _35_ of us.” she _36_the burned side of her face. “this scar will be _37_, but to this day, i have never _38_what i did.”at this point, the little boy came out running toward his mother with _39_ in his eyes. he held her in his arms and felt a great sense of the sacrifice（牺牲）that his mother had made for him. he held her hand _40_for the rest of the day.21. a. enjoymentb. disappointmentc. surprised. excitement22. a. wouldb. couldc. shouldd. must23. a. noticedb. greetedc. acceptedd. met24. a. proudb. ashamedc. happyd. tired25. a. includedb. passedc. coveredd. shaded26. a. talk aboutb. think aboutc. come aboutd. hear about27. a. impressedb. surprisedc. excitedd. comforted28. a. humorb. facec. bodyd. scar29. a. hidb. protectedc. keptd. stopped30. a. understandingb. remindingc. hearingd. learning31. a. carefullyb. seriouslyc. nervouslyd. anxiously32. a. ifb. whenc. sinced. because33. a. sob. muchc. quited. too34. a. out of controlb. under controlc. in controld. over control35. a. eitherb. neitherc. bothd. all36. a. pointedb. showedc. hitd. touched37. a. longb. lastingc. beautifuld. ugly38. a. forgotb. recognizedc. consideredd. regretted39. a. angerb. tearsc. smiled. failure40. a. actuallyb. slowlyc. tightlyd. suddenly【答案】21. b 22. a 23. d 24. b 25. c 26. a 27. a 28. d 29. a 30. c 31. a 32. b 33. d 34. a 35. c 36. d 37. b 38. d 39. b 40. c【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了小男孩所在学校要开家长会，他不愿妈妈去，但妈妈却答应了，小男孩很失望，为什么呢？原来妈妈脸上有一块小男孩认为很丑的疤痕。但当小男孩得知妈妈的疤痕是为救自己而留下的。小男孩很惭愧。从此文中我们感受到了