人教版高二英语必修六Unit5-Grammar(1).ppt

Unit5Thepowerofnature,本课时重、难点,重点:动词-ing形式的作用动词-ing形式在做状语时的作用难点:动词-ing形式的一般式与完成式的区别,观察下列例句,思考划线部分作用。(1)Thisisaninterestingbook.()(2)Themansittingbythewindowisourmathsteacher.()(3)Seeingtheteacherenteringtheroom,thestudentsstoodup.()(4)Isawtheboywalkingonthestreetyesterday.()(5)Playingfootballishisfavotiresport.()(6)Ididntstopworkinglastnight.()(7)MyworkisteachingEnglish.(),定语,定语,状语,宾补,主语,宾语,表语,动词-ing是动词非谓语形式中的一种,单独使用时,能在句中做除_之外的任何其他句子成分。如:主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补等。在语态上，动词-ing表示_(主动/被动的动作)。在时间上,动词-ing一般表示_(正在进行/已经完成的动作）。,谓语,主动,正在进行,Lookingcarefullyattheground,Imademywaytotheedgeofthecrater.,HavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,Ididnttakemuchnotice.,Lookingcarefullyattheground,IHavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,I,Theingformisusedasanadverbial.,ing形式的完成式所表示的时间在主要谓语动词之前,Theingformcanbeusedasanadverbialinasentencetogiveinformationabout_,_,_,_,etc.,Itrainedheavily,causingseverefloodinginthearea.,结果,Beingtired,Istoppedtotakearest.Havingbeenwritteninhaste,thebookhassomefaults.,原因,Walkingalongthestreet,ImetMary.Havingfinishedmywork,Iwenthome.,时间,Istoodthere,waitingforher.Theboywasleftthere,crying.,伴随,条件,1.Havingwrittentheletter,Johnwenttothepostoffice.2.Seeingthebeautifulsight,thechildrenfeltexcited.,V-ing,doing,havingdone,表动作有先有后,表动作同时发生,1._himtheanswerseveraltimes,Ididntknowifhecouldunderstand.2._theanswerseveraltimes,hestillcouldntsolvethequestion.,Havingtold,Havingbeentold,havingdone,主句主语为动作的发出者。,主句主语为动作的承受者。,havingbeendone,3._(咬)bythesnakeonce,shefeelsfrightenedwhen_(看到蛇).,2._(听到这个消息),wegotexcited.,1._(刷完牙),Mr.Browncamedownstairsforbreakfast.,Havingbrushedhisteeth,Hearingthenews,Havingbeenbitten,seeing,分词短语做状语时,前面可以加上连词,如if,unless,when,while,once,though,etc.,asnake,arrive,give,spend,takeandbuy.,1_thewrongbus,Martinfoundhimselfinanunfamiliardistrict.2_heropinionaboutprotectingtheenvironment,sheleftthemeeting.,Havingtaken,Havinggiven,3_thepreciousnecklace,shehadnomoneyleft.4_alldayathomewriting,thenovelistwentoutforawalkintheevening.5_earlyforhisdate,Markspenttimereadingthenewspaper.,Havingbought,Havingspent,Havingarrived,1.Whenshewokeupinthemiddleofthenightshesawherroomwasaslightasday.,_inthemiddleofthenight,shesawherroomwasaslightasday.,Wakingup,2.Afterwehadstoppedthecar,wefoundourselvestrappedinthickfogandcouldntseeclearlyahead.,_thecar,wefoundourselvestrappedinthickfogandcouldntseeclearlyahead.,Havingstopped,3.BecauseIhadspentallnightreadingthedocuments,Iwasverytiredthenextday.,_allnightreadingthedocuments,Iwasverytiredthenextday.,Havingspent,4.Asthechildhadneverseenarainbowbefore,hewasveryexcited.,_arainbowbefore,hewasveryexcited.,Havingneverseen,Sometimesadverbialclausesintroducedbywhen,after,as,becauseandsooncanbereplacedbytheingform.,1.分词(短语)作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致,必须用独立主格结构来表示,也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。,使用-ing形式需注意的几个问题,Comparingallthegreatpeoplewitheachother,youllfindthattheyhavemuchincommon.Findinghercarstolen,shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp.Thetrainhavinggone,wehadtowaitanotherday.,分析:前两例中,-ing形式的逻辑主语均为主句的主语。最后一例中havinggone的逻辑主语是thetrain。,1.Ifitissunny,wellgoforapicnictomorrow._,wellgoforapicnictomorrow.2.Asitwasaholiday,alltheshopswereshut._,alltheshopswereshut.3.Whenautumncomes,swallowsgotothesouth._,swallowsgotothesouth.,Itbeingsunny,Itbeingaholiday,Autumncoming,Notfearingthefire,thechildtouchedandgotafingerburnt.小孩儿不知道怕火,用手去摸,把手指烫了Notknowinghowtofindthesubway,Iaskedapolicemanforhelp.我不知怎样找到地铁,就去找警察帮忙。,2.分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上not,never等否定词构成。如:,AneyewitnessaccountofamurderatFlat3,SouthamptonGardens,London,_(arrive)attheparty,Ifoundallmyfriendswerealreadythere.Thedancingwasjustbeginning._(stand),Isawsomeofmyfriends_(chat)atatable.SoIwentovertojointhem.,Arriving,Standing,chatting,AllthiswhileIhadnotseenmyhostess._(take)adrink,Ifeltuncomfortableandgotaheadache.Amaidtookmeupstairstorest.Itwasabout10pm._(rest)forawhile,Ifeltbetterandwenttothebalconytohavesomefreshair.,Havingtaken,Havingrested,Itwasatthatmome