考试说明写作概要writing--summaryPPT课件

.,1,SummaryWriting,.,2,本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要去来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。词数少于40的和多于80的，从总分中减去2分。评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。,概要写作评分原则解读,.,3,概要写作：提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要,评分要点1）理解准确，涵盖全部要点2）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇3）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑4）完全使用自己的语言,解读之篇,.,4,Summarywritingforargumentation,.,5,Thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt,1.Read,topic:,structure,Inwhatorderdoesthepassagedeveloptoshowthedifferent“attitudes”?,Tip1:Readfortopicandstructure,.,6,(2)Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.(3)Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWar.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea;clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?(4)Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist(免疫学家),encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.,.,7,Thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt,2.Explore（探究）,supportingideas,Findoutthetopicsentencesofeachparagraph,.,8,Para2:Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.,ExamplesofsomeEuropeancountries,.,9,(Para3)Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWar.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea;clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?,.,10,(Para4)Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist(免疫学家),encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.,Tip2:Explorefortopicsentences,leavingoutunnecessarypoints,.,11,3:Paraphrase（改写）,Thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.,different,mixed,various,opinions,views,ideas,Attitudestodirtvaryindifferenttimes.,Peopleholddifferent/mixedopinionstowardsdirtovertime.,Tip3.Paraphrasewithsynonyms(同义词）,.,12,thoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,tectedpeoplefromgettingill.regarddirtontheskinasabarrieragainstdisease.,Paraphrasewithsynonyms（同义句）,.,13,Inthe18thcentury,regardedcleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth,Itwasnotuntil.thatpeolecametobelievewashingoffdirtbenefitedhealth.Centurieslater,peoplecametoadopt/employ/subsribetoascientificviewondirt,consideringitahealthypracticetoremovedirtofftheskin.,Tip4:Paraphrase（改写）withstructures(participle分词,with-structure结构,emphaticsentence强调句andsoon),.,14,encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem,playwithdirthelpstrenghthentheirimmunesystem.exposuretosomedirtmayhelp/boostourimmunesystem.,Paraphrasewithsynonyms,.,15,Peopleholdmixedopinionstowardsdirtonourskin.,Inthe16thcentury,peopleofsomeEuropeancountries,believedthatdirtprotectedpeoplefromgettingill.,Peoplebegantochangetheirattitudestodirtmorethan200yearsago.Theyhavebeentoldthatwashingdirtoffourbodycankeepushealthy.,Nowadays,somescientistsbelievethatexposuretosomedirtmayhelpourimmunesystem.,However,Nevertheless/But,people,4:Polish（润色）,nowadays,Tip5:Polishwithconnectivestomakeitcoherent.,.,16,5.Copy,Tip6:Copywithcleanness,.,17,Howtowriteasummary,R,E,P,C,P,5STEPS,6TIPS,Topicandstructure,Topic/supportingsentences,Connectives/Coherence,Cleanness,Synonyms,Structures,.,18,ExerciseReadandwritewiththestepsandtips,.,19,Gettingupearlyhasbeenregardedasagoodhabitsinceancienttimes.Manyyearsago,peoplethoughtthatifwewenttobedearlyandgotupearly,wewouldbeenergeticthewholeday.Nowadays,peoplestillholdthesameview.So,gettingupearlyisofgreatimportancetousall.Infact,morningisthebesttimeofaday.Inthemorning,theairisthefreshestandpeopleareusuallyinthebestconditions.Manyofusmayhavetheexperiencesthatwememorizesomethingsmorequicklyandaccuratelyinthemorningthanatanyothertimeoftheday.Additionally,ifwegetupearlyanddosomemorningexerciseoronlytakeashortwalkinthemorning,withoutdoubtwecanbuildourbodiesandbecomemuchhealthier.Thatiswhymanypeoplegettingupearlydophysicalexerciseyearafteryear.Also,wewillhaveenoughtimetomakeaplanandgetreadyforourworkorstudyofthedayifwegetupearly.Forexample,ifeveryoneinthefamilygetsupearly,wifewillhaveenoughtimetopreparethebreakfastforthewholefamily.Childrenwillhaveenoughtimetocatchtheschoolbus,andhusbandwillneverforgettochangehisdirtyshirt.Everythingisinorder.Whataharmoniousscene!However,ifwegetuplate,wellprobablyhavetodoeverythinginagreathurry,makingitinamess.Letusremembergettingupearlyisagoodhabitandtryourbesttokeepit.Laterisersmayfinditdifficulttoformthehabitofgettingupearly.Theyhavetomakeeffortstodoso.Ifwesticktogettingupearlyeveryday,wewillcertainlybenefitalotfromit.,.,20,Theimportanceofgettingupearlyinthemorningcanneverbetoooveremphasized.Inthefirstplace,ourbrainworksfasterandmorecorrectly.Whatsmore,wecanbeincreasinglyhealthybybreathingthefreshairandworkingoutinthemorning.Lastly,itenablesustomakegoodpreparationsfortheday.,.,21,Assessment,.,22,U,PW,要点守恒扩词成句,WS,SP,理解准确，涵盖全部要点。,能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇。有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使结构紧凑。完全使用自己的语言。,有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使结构紧凑。,2,.,23,PPT模板下载：,.,24,.,25,.,26,.,27,When?Where?W