课件 解码生词

HowtoDecodeUnfamiliarWords,Whenyoucomeacrossnewwords,whatdoyouusuallydo?,Lookthemupinthedictionary,Guessthemeaning,wordformation,Guess,thecontext,一、派生法（Derivation）,disability,dis,able,ity,dis-/un-/in-/non-trans-re-inter-micro-mis-mini-ful/-less-able/ible-ist,Givetwoexamplesofeachaffix,非-，不-,跨越；进入某一处或状态,再次-,相互间-,微小的-,错误的-,（体积，长度等）小的，短的,有-/没有-,能够-；可以-,具有专业技能的人,Tellhowthewordisformedandguessitsmeaning,充满敬意的,有想象力的,不吸引人的,不存在的,无法忍受的,跨大西洋的,不经常地,人际的,接待员,不能靠近的,respect,+,ful,imagine,+,ive,appeal,+,ing,+,un,exist,+,ent,+,non,bear,+,able,+,un,frequent,+,ly,+,in,access,+,ible,+,in,+,inter,person,+,al,receive,reception,+,ist,trans,+,Atlantic,二、合成法（Compounding）,low-carboneasygoingworldwideairhostesspeacelovingself-centeredseasick,把两个或两个以上独立的词合成一个新词。,notebook,三、转化法（Conversion）,由一种词性转化为另一种词性的词。,n.,v.take/bear,GlobalPositioningSystemWorldTradeOrganizationChiefExecutiveOfficerUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization,GPS(全球定位系统）,WTO(世界贸易组织）,CEO（首席执行官）,UNESCO（联合国教科文组织）,四、缩略法(Abbreviation),派生法（Derivation）,合成法(Compounding),转化法（Conversion）,缩略法（Abbreviation）,ContextualClues,语境法猜测词义,Ex1.Aconsultantisapersonwhoisexpectedtogivepeopleadviceonjobs,marriageandfinance.Precipitationistheamountofrainthatfallsinanarea.,咨询师,降雨量,Synonymisawordwhichhasthesamemeaningasanotherword.Antonymisawordwhichhastheoppositemeaningasanotherword.,同义词,反义词,Kleptomaniaisanillnessofthemindthatgivesapersonthedesiretosteal.AlexanderGrahamBellwasbornin1874inEdinburgh,Scotland.Hisfatherwasanexpertinphonetics,thestudyofthesoundsoflanguage.,盗窃癖,语音学,Definition:is/bedefinedasRephrasing:becalled/beknownasthatis(tosay)inotherwordstoputitanotherway,Clues,语境法猜测词义,Ex.2Thenewtaxlawsupersedes,orreplaces,thelawthatwasineffectlastyear.Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,muchshorterandalmostasplumpasmother.,taketheplaceof,fat,ThoughTomsfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.Johniswastefulandusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings.Hiswife,however,isverythrifty.,dirty,economical,Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninorder.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil.Somehumanactionsarelearned,butquiteafewotheractionsareinnate.,disorder,born,Synonyms：and/or/like/similarlyasas/thesameasAntonyms：but/while/howeverinsteadof/ratherthanunlike/yet/otherwisethough/onthecontrary,Clues,语境法猜测词义,Ex3.Rubbercanbemadetostretchmorethanninetimesitsnormallengthbecauseitisveryelastic.Theriverissoturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow.,浑浊的,弹性的,Hessuchashrewdbusinessmanthathelosesnomoneyinanytrade.Shewantedthehairdressertotrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.,精明的,修剪,because/as/since/forso/thus/asaresultsothat/suchthattherefore,Clues,Ex.4Studentsbuystationeryintheshopsuchastapes,pens,pencils,rubbers,correctionfluidandknifes.Onthefarmtheymainlyraisepoultry,suchaschickens,ducksandgeese,fortheireggsandmeat.,家禽,文具,Thenewcoupleboughtalotofhouseholdappliances,suchaswashingmachines,fridgesandmicrowaveovensect.Definedmostbroadly,folkloreincludesallthecustoms,beliefsandtraditionsthatpeoplehavehandeddownfromgenerationtogeneration.,家电,民俗,语境法猜测词义,suchaslikeforexampleforinstance,Clues,语境法猜测词义,EX.5Whenyouthrowastoneintostillwaterofalake,youwillwatcharipplespreadinringsonthesurfaceofwater.Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananaesthetictomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.,波纹,麻醉剂,PresentattheBoaoForumareleadersfrom12countriesInthestrongwind,thevictimsoftheYushuearthquakeshiveredwiththeterriblecold.,颤抖,论坛,Inquiry-basedActivities(I)探究活动(1),1.Therearesomeglaciersmovingdownthemountainvalleys.Aglacierisariverofice.A.雪山B.树枝C.冰河D.冰2.Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemadeuphismindtodosomething,hewontgiveituphalfway.A.weakB.firmC.kindD.clever,小试身手,3.Theoldwomanhasastrangehabittokeepover100catsinherhouse.Herneighborsallcallheraneccentriclady.A.爱猫的B.古怪的C.闲不住D.动物保护主义者4.Mrs.Smithisloquaciouswhileherhusbandisthesilenttype.A.livelyB.cruelC.talkativeD.generous,5.Becausethischemicalliquidishighlyvolatile,wemustkeepitinabottlewhichhasatightlid.A.易挥发的B.暴力的C.多种多样的D.有活力的6.Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.A.jobB.studyC.nameD.interest,7.Thisboyisnotstupid.Onthecontrary,noonecouldbemoreintelligent.A.hardworkingB.foolishC.cleverD.diligent8.Childrenarealwaysboasting.Theysaythingslike“MyDadscarisbiggerthanyourDads,”and“MyMomissmarterthanyours.”Theword“boasting”means_.A.骄傲B.吹牛C.顽皮D.幼稚,9.Mostoftherosesarebeginningtowitherbecauseofthecold.A.dieB.blossomC.fadeD.fragrant10.Doctorsoftenusethestethoscopetolistentopatientsheartsorlungs.A.试管B.血压计C.血糖仪D.听诊器,Inquiry-basedActivities(II)探究活动(2),Passage1Tensofthousandsofbabypenguins(企鹅）facestarvationaftertwogianticebergsbrokeofftheAntarcticicesheetandblockedtheirparentsroadtothefeedingareas.AdelineandemperorpenguinsnestingontheRossislandrookeriesarenowforcedtowalklongdistancesovertheicebergstoobtainfoodfortheirchicks,bornduringtheNovember-Decemberbreedingseason.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obtain”probablymean?A.eatB.getC.sellD.buy,Passage2Amanspositionamongtheblack-tentpeopledependsonhisancestors,relatives,andfellowtribesmen.Iftheyarehonored,heisalsohonored.Iftheyaredisgraced,hetooisdisgraced.Thereforeonecarefullyguardsthehonorofhisfamily,hislineage(宗系),andhistribe.Theword“disgrace”means_inthistext.A.honorB.endangerC.proudD.shame,Passage3Therulerhadbeensocruelanddishonestthataftertherevolutionhewasbanished.AfewmembersoftheSenate(参议院)opposedthisdecision,butthemajorityvotedthattherulershouldleavethecountryforever.Theunderlinedword“banished”mean_.A.killedbystoningB.sentawayC.imprisonedD.punishedbywhipping,Passage4Myfirstjobwastodrivetheoxenthatploughedthecanefields.Iwouldwalkbehindanox,guidinghimwithabroomstick.For$1aday,Iworkedeighthoursstraight,withnofoodbreaks.Itwasverytediouswork,butitpreparedmeforlifeandtaughtmemanylastinglessons.Becausetheplantationownerswerealwayswatchingus,IhadtobeontimeeverydayandworkashardasIcould.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tedious”probablymean?A.interestingB.tiresomeC.relaxingD.challenging,Passage5Althoughheoftenhadthechance,Mr.Brownwasneverabletostealmoneyfromacustomer.Thiswouldendangeredhispositionatthebank,andhedidnotwanttojeopardizehisfuture.Theword“jeopardize”means_inthistext.A.protectB.endangerC.continueD.stop,Passage6Afterafour-yearrelationshipwithamajorfortune100companybeginningasasalestraineeandendingasaregionalsalesmanager,Ileftthecompanyattheheightofmycareer.ManypeoplewereastoundedthatIwouldleaveafterearningasix-figureincome.AndtheyaskedwhyIwouldriskeverythingforadream.Theunderlinedword“astounded”means_.A.verysadB.verysorryC.verypleasedD.greatlysurprised,Passage7Jennifer,29,ownerofatwo-bedroomapartmentwithherhusband,worriesthatshewontbeabletohavechildrenforatleastadecadebecausetheycanttobuyahouseyet.Ireadthat,andIthought,whatplanetisshelivingonwhereyouneedtoownahouseinordertohavekids?Hassheevervisiteddevelopingcountries?Houseownershipisaluxury(奢侈)，notafertilityrequirement.Theunderlinedword“fertility”means_.A.havekidsB.pleasureC.babycomfortD.babyraising,Passage8Frequentlyithappensthataplacehastwonames:Oneisnamedbythepeopleandtheotherbythegovernment.Asinmanyareas,oldhabitsdiedhard,andtheplacecontinuestobecalledbyitsunofficialnamelongafterthemeaningislost.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“diehard”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Changesuddenly.B.Changesignificantly.C.Disappearmysteriously.D.Disappearveryslowly.,Passage9Chinasattitudetowardscyberattackshasbeenunequivocalandhasadoptedlawsagainstsuchcrimes,asChinaisoneofthecountriesthatsufferfromcyberattacks.TheU.Sgovernment,ontheotherhand,takesanuncertainattitudetowardscyberattacks.Accordingtomediareports,theU.SHomelandSecurityandDefensedepartmentshavebothopenlyemp