（宿迁专版）2020中考英语复习方案 第二篇 语法专题突破 专题09 构词法课件

,语法专题（九）构词法,第二篇语法专题突破,考点一派生法,英语构词法中在词根前面或后面加词缀,从而构成一个新词的方法叫作派生法。加在词根前的词缀叫前缀,加在词根后的词缀叫后缀。1.前缀(1)表否定意义的前缀,(2)其他,2.后缀,考点二合成法,英语中由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词,这种构词法叫作合成法。常见的合成法如下：(1)合成名词classroom(名词+名词)blackboard(形容词+名词)(2)合成形容词worldwide(名词+形容词)good-looking(形容词+现在分词)(3)合成动词overcome(副词+动词),(4)合成数词fifty-four(数词+数词)(5)合成代词everybody,somebody,anything(代词+名词)(6)合成副词downstairs(副词+名词)whole-heartedly(形容词+副词)(7)合成介词inside(介词+名词)within(介词+介词)into(介词+介词),考点三转化法,英语中把一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种词性,这种构词法叫作转化法。单词转化后的意义往往与之前的意义联系密切。常见的转化形式有：名词动词,形容词动词,动词名词。(1)名词动词show(n.展览;展示)show(v.表演;展出)water(n.水)water(v.浇水)speed(n.速度)speed(v.加速)(2)形容词动词slow(adj.慢的)slow(v.放慢),(3)动词名词walk(v.散步;走)walk(n.散步)look(v.看)look(n.看)talk(v.谈话)talk(n.谈话)rest(v.休息)rest(n.休息)break(v.打破)break(n.休息),根据句意或句子的语法要求,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1.2016宿迁whyisalansopopularinyourclass?becauseheisvery(friend)toeveryone.2.2015宿迁haveyounoticedthe(sad)onherface?whathashappenedtoher?3.2015宿迁theweatherwillbewarmand(sun)formostoftheweek.4.peoplefeel(happy)whentheyfacetoomuchstress.,friendly,sadness,sunny,unhappy,5.2014宿迁whenwemeetwithproblems,weshouldntgivethemup(easy).6.areyourparentsin(agree)thatyoucandealwithitbyyourself?7.thisdressis(expensive).itwillnotcostyoumuch.8.ifyoudo(care)inthetest,youwontgethighmarks.9.weshallnevermakesuchanimportant(decide)withoutmuchthought.,easily,agreement,inexpensive,carelessly,decision,10.notall(wealth)peoplehavetowearexpensiveclothesandnotallcleverpeoplehavetowearglasses.11.foryour(safe),smokingisnotallowedduringthewholeflight.12.blueisa(peace)colour.peopleoftenfeelquietinbluerooms.13.asaguide,imustpayattentiontoallthe(tour)safetyduringtheirtrip.14.eastonlachappelle,a19-year-old(invent),builtanarmbydevelopingmostofthepartsthrougha3-dprinter.,wealthy,safety,peaceful,tourists,inventor,15.stephenhawkingiswidelyconsideredasoneofthegreatest(science)intheworld.16.ididntsleepwellandstayed(wake)untiltheearlymorning.17.haveyoueverheardofthefamoussaying“(silent)isgolden”?,scientists,awake,silence,18.whatisthe(high)ofthatmountain?about3,300metrestall.19.insomecitiesinthe(north)partofchina,theai