资源目录
压缩包内文档预览：
编号：8155154
类型：共享资源
大小：3.06MB
格式：ZIP
上传时间：2018-02-08
上传人：机****料
认证信息
个人认证
高**（实名认证）
河南
IP属地：河南
50
积分
- 关 键 词：
-
数控
火焰
切割机
设计
全套
cad
图纸
- 资源描述：
-
- 内容简介：
-
编号毕业设计（论文）相关资料题目数控火焰切割机的设计信机系机械工程及自动化专业学号学生姓名指导教师目录一、毕业设计（论文）开题报告二、毕业设计（论文）外文资料翻译及原文三、学生“毕业论文（论文）计划、进度、检查及落实表”四、实习鉴定表毕业设计（论文）开题报告题目数控火焰切割机的设计信机系机械工程及自动化专业学号学生姓名指导教师课题来源生活实践科学依据（包括课题的科学意义；国内外研究概况、水平和发展趋势；应用前景等）（1）课题科学意义在机械加工过程中，经常需要对板材进行切割操作，板材切割常用方式有手工切割、半自动切割机切割及数控切割机切割。手工切割灵活方便，但手工切割质量差、材料浪费大、尺寸误差大、后续加工工作量大，同时往往工作条件恶劣，生产效率低。半自动切割机中仿形切割机，切割工件的质量较好，由于其使用切割模具，不适合于单件、小批量和大工件切割。其它类型半自动切割机虽然降低了工人劳动强度，但其功能简单，只适合一些较规则形状的零件切割。数控切割机切割相对手动和半自动切割方式来说，可有效地提高板材切割的切割质量、效率，减轻操作者的劳动强度。目前在我国的一些中小企业甚至在一些大型企业中使用手工切割和半自动切割方式还较为普遍。随着现代机械工业的发展，对板材切割加工的工作效率和产品质量的要求也同时提高，因而数控切割机的发展和提高迫在眉睫。数控火焰切割机作为最常见的切割金属板材的设备，对于它的设计课题符合现代工业发展的要求。（2）数控火焰切割机的研究状况及其发展前景目前，我国机械加工行业中钢板下料普遍采用手工乙炔切割，这种现象不仅存在于小规模单件生产的小型企业，也存在于大批量生产的大型企业中，而国外企业的下料工序大部分采用了数控氧乙炔或数控等离子切割方法，不仅可提高材料利用率，而且改善了产品质量，优化了工作环境，使人员工作效率得到了提高。之所以数控下料不能在我国普及主要有三个方面原因资金问题、设备故障维护问题、操作问题。因此研制功能不是很强大但操作简单，性能可靠，价格相对便宜的实用型的火焰切割机就迫在眉睫这也就意味着目前设计和制造经济型数控火焰切割机在国能将有广阔的市场。研究内容熟悉数控火焰切割机的发展历程，特别是近十几年来的龙门式火焰切割机熟练掌握火焰切割机机械部分的设计；熟练掌握电气控制系统的设计掌握单片机的原理及选取方法能够熟练使用UG，CAD。针对三维UG图，将UG图转换为二维CAD。熟练使用CAD提供的图层工具。拟采取的研究方法、技术路线、实验方案及可行性分析（1）实验方案通过不同的零件的选取与比较，选择最佳方案，以避免设计过程中可能出现的计算结果与设计要求不符的严重情况，再参考国内外类似产品的数据，以避免设计结果难以符合市场需求的后宫。（2）研究方法用UG对产品进行三维设计，仔细观察产品的外观，思考产品的可能缺陷在不同的原始数据下，对同一个方案做不同的计算，在不同的零件组成下，比较各个方案的优劣。研究计划及预期成果研究计划2012年11月7日2012年11月27日按照任务书要求查阅论文相关参考资料，填写毕业设计开题报告书。2012年11月28日2013年2月12日填写毕业实习报告。2013年2月17日2013年3月2日按照要求修改毕业设计开题报告。2013年3月5日2013年3月16日完成毕业设计的绪论。2013年3月19日2013年5月11日设计方案计算。2013年5月14日2013年5月18日完成零件与装配图。2013年5月19日2013年5月20日毕业论文撰写和修改工作。预期成果完成数控火焰切割与三维图的的机械部分与电气控制系统的设计，以及二维图与三维图的成型。特色或创新之处使用UG画图，将三维图转为二维图。采用固定某些参量、改变某些参量来研究问题的方法，思路清晰，简洁明了，行之有效。已具备的条件和尚需解决的问题实验方案思路已经非常明确，已经具备使用UG制图能力和图像处理方面的知识。使用UG制图的能力尚需加强。指导教师意见指导教师签名年月日教研室（学科组、研究所）意见教研室主任签名年月日系意见主管领导签名年月日英文原文CNCFLAMECUTTINGBASICCOMMONSENSETHEBASICKNOWLEDGEOFCNCFLAMEGASCUTTINGATHEBASICWORKINGPRINCIPLEOFGASCUTTINGANDGASCUTTINGPROCESSHEATUSINGAGASFLAMECUTTINGTHEWORKPIECEISPREHEATEDTOATACERTAINTEMPERATURE,THEDISCHARGESPEEDCUTTINGOXYGENSTREAM,SOTHATCOMBUSTIONANDGIVESOFFHEATTOACHIEVECUTTINGMETHODISCALLEDTORCHCUTTINGTHEOXYGENCUTTINGPROCESSHASTHEFOLLOWINGTHREESTAGES1,THEBEGINNINGOFTHEPREHEATINGGASCUTTING,USINGAGASFLAMEOXYGENACETYLENEFLAME,OXYGEN,PROPANEFLAMEOFTHEWORKPIECETOBECUTATTHEIGNITIONOFTHEMETALMATERIALISPREHEATEDTOAPPROXIMATELY1100TO1150CFORLOWCARBONSTEELCOMBUSTIONEMITHIGHSPEEDCUTTINGOXYGENFLOWREACHEDLIGHTEDMETALINTENSEBURNINGINANOXYGENSTREAM3,BLOWINGSLAGMETALOXIDECOMBUSTIONGENERATEDBYTHEOXYGENSTREAMTOBLOWOFFTHEINCISIONISFORMED,SOTHATTHEMETALSEPARATION,THECOMPLETIONOFTHECUTTINGPROCESSBGASWELDING,GASCUTTINGEQUIPMENTUSEDINTHECOMPOSITIONOFTHEGASWELDING,GASCUTTINGEQUIPMENT,OXYGENBOTTLES,OXYGENREGULATOR,ACETYLENEBOTTLESACETYLENEGENERATOR,ACETYLENEREGULATOR,THETEMPERINGINSURANCE,TORCHTORCHANDRUBBERTUBECWHATISGOODNOTCHEDCUTTINGTHEMIDDLEOFTHENOTCHEDSURFACEAFTERTHEWHITENINGDIDNOTBURNSCARNOTCHEDWITHOUTWASTESIDEOFTHEPHENOMENONDGASCUTTINGMETALSHALLCOMPLYWITHTHEFOLLOWINGCONDITIONS1THEMELTINGPOINTOFTHEMETALOXIDESHOULDBELESSTHANTHEMELTINGPOINTOFTHEMETALTABLE11ARESOMECOMMONMELTINGPOINTOFTHEMETALANDITSOXIDE2METALWITHOXYGENCOMBUSTIONCANRELEASEALOTOFHEAT,ANDTHETHERMALCONDUCTIVITYOFTHEMETALITSELFTHEGASCUTTINGCONDITIONSMETALIRON,LOWCARBONSTEEL,MEDIUMCARBONSTEELANDLOWALLOYSTEELANDTITANIUMOTHERCOMMONLYUSEDMETALSSUCHASCASTIRON,STAINLESSSTEEL,ALUMINUMANDCOPPER,ETC,MUSTUSESPECIALMETHODORMELTINGMETHODOFOXYFUELCUTTING8MMSHEET,ITISNOTEASYTOCNCGASCUTTINGCNCFLAMECUTTINGGASCUTTINGACCURACYISTHEERRORBETWEENAFTERCUTTINGGEOMETRYWITHITSDRAWINGSIZECOMPARISON,CUTTINGTHEQUALITYOFTHEWORKPIECEISCUTOFFTHESURFACEROUGHNESSOFTHESURFACE,THEMELTINGDEGREEOFCOLLAPSESECTIONONTHEEDGEOFTHEINCISION,THEINCISIONEDGEISDROSSANDTHEUNIFORMITYOFKERFWIDTHFIRST,THEIMPACTOFSTEELFLAMECUTTINGQUALITYTHREEBASICELEMENTSGAS,CUTTINGSPEED,CUTTINGNOZZLEHEIGHT1GASESOXYGEN,COMBUSTIBLEGASANDTHEFLAMEADJUSTED1OXYGENOXYGENISNECESSARYFORCOMBUSTIONOFTHECOMBUSTIBLEGAS,INORDERTOPROVIDETHEENERGYREQUIREDFORSTEELREACHESTHEIGNITIONTEMPERATUREADDITION,OXYGENISCARRIEDOUTAFTERTHESTEELISPREHEATEDACHIEVEIGNITIONCOMBUSTIONASNECESSARYCUTTINGSTEELWITHOXYGENMUSTHAVEAHIGHPURITYOFMORETHAN995,THEGENERALREQUIREMENTS,SOMEADVANCEDCOUNTRIESBYINDUSTRYSTANDARDS,THEOXYGENPURITYOF997THEOXYGENPURITYDECREASINGBY05,STEELPLATECUTTINGSPEEDSHOULDBEREDUCEDBYABOUT10IFTHEOXYGENPURITYISREDUCEDBY08TO1,NOTONLYCUTTINGSPEEDDECREASEDBY1520,WHILETHESLOTTEDALSOWILLBEWIDER,HANGINGATTHEBOTTOMOFTHEINCISIONTHERESIDUEANDCLEANDIFFICULT,SIGNIFICANTDETERIORATIONOFTHEQUALITYOFTHECUTTINGSECTION,GASCONSUMPTIONALSOINCREASESOBVIOUSLY,THISREDUCESTHEPRODUCTIONEFFICIENCYANDCUTTINGQUALITY,THEPRODUCTIONCOSTSAREALSOSIGNIFICANTLYINCREASEDSEEFIGURE91FIGURE91UNDERTHESAMEOXYGENPRESSURE,OXYGENPURITYOFCUTTINGTIMEANDOXYGENCONSUMPTIONTHEUSEOFLIQUIDOXYGENCUTTING,ALTHOUGHTHEONETIMEINVESTMENT,BUTINTHELONGRUN,ITSCOMPREHENSIVEECONOMICINDICATORSAREMUCHBETTERTHANIMAGINEDTHESTABILITYOFTHEGASPRESSUREONTHECUTTINGQUALITYOFTHEWORKPIECEISALSOESSENTIALTHEOXYGENPRESSUREFLUCTUATIONSWILLCUTTHEAPPARENTDETERIORATIONOFTHEQUALITYOFCROSSSECTIONTHEAIRPRESSUREISADJUSTEDACCORDINGTOTHETYPEOFTHECUTTINGNOZZLE,THECUTTINGOFTHEPLATETHICKNESSCUTTINGIFTHEOXYGENPRESSUREEXCEEDSAPREDETERMINEDVALUE,DOESNOTIMPROVETHECUTTINGSPEED,BUTTHECUTTINGSECTIONDECLINEINTHEQUALITYOFTHEDROSSISDIFFICULTTOBECLEARED,INCREASINGTHEPROCESSINGTIMEANDCOSTOFCUTTINGTABLE91ISCOMMONLYUSEDINGASWELDINGMACHINEFACTORYPRODUCTIONTHEGK1SERIESOFFASTCUTTINGNOZZLEIETHELAVALNOZZLESTRUCTURECUTTINGNOZZLEUSINGTHEPARAMETERMANUFACTURERSMAYATANYTIMEMODIFYTHEPARAMETERSSHOULDBECUTTINGNOZZLESUBJECTTOTHEATTACHEDDOCUMENT,THISTABLEISFORREFERENCE2FLAMMABLEGASFLAMECUTTING,COMMONLYUSEDFLAMMABLEGASESSUCHASACETYLENE,GAS,NATURALGAS,PROPANE,SOMEFOREIGNMANUFACTURERSALSOUSEMAPP,NAMELYMETHANEETHANEPROPANEGENERALLY,THECOMBUSTIONSPEED,HIGHCOMBUSTIONVALUEOFTHEGASISSUITABLEFORSHEETMETALCUTTINGLOWCOMBUSTIONVALUE,THESLOWCOMBUSTIONOFFLAMMABLEGASISMORESUITABLEFORCUTTINGSLAB,ESPECIALLYSTEELSHEETOFATHICKNESSOFMORETHAN200MM,SUCHASAGASORGASBECUT,YOUWILLGETTHEDESIREDCUTQUALITY,BUTTHECUTTINGSPEEDWILLBESLIGHTLYLOWERINCOMPARISON,THEACETYLENEISMUCHMOREEXPENSIVETHANNATURALGAS,OWINGTORESOURCECONSTRAINTSINTHEACTUALPRODUCTION,THEGENERALUSEOFACETYLENEGAS,BUTATTHESAMETIMECUTTINGTHESLABREQUIREHIGHCUTTINGQUALITYANDADEQUACYOFRESOURCES,ITWILLCONSIDERTHEUSEOFNATURALGAS3THEFLAMECANBEADJUSTEDBYADJUSTINGTHEPROPORTIONOFTHEOXYGENANDACETYLENETHETHREECUTTINGFLAMENEUTRALFLAMEIE,NORMALFLAME,OXIDIZINGFLAME,REDUCINGFLAME,ASSHOWNINFIGURE92THENORMALFLAMECHARACTERIZEDINTHATNOFREEOXYGENINTHEREDUCTIONZONEANDTHEACTIVATEDCARBON,THEREARETHREEDISTINCTREGIONS,THEFLAMECOREDISTINCTIVEOUTLINEAPPROXIMATELYCYLINDRICALTHEFLAMECORECOMPONENTOFACETYLENEANDOXYGEN,ANDITSENDSWEREUNIFORMLYROUNDANDSHINYSHELLTHEHOUSINGISMADEOFREDHOTCARBONPARTICLESFLAMECORETEMPERATUREUPTO1000CREDUCINGZONEINTHEFLAMECORE,ASIGNIFICANTDIFFERENCEWITHTHEFLAMECOREISITSBRIGHTNESSISDARKERREDUCTIONZONEBYTHEPRODUCTOFINCOMPLETECOMBUSTIONOFACETYLENECARBONMONOXIDEANDHYDROGEN,THEREDUCTIONZONETEMPERATUREUPTO3000CORSOCOMPLETELYWAIYANIETHECOMBUSTIONZONEISLOCATEDOUTSIDEOFTHEREDUCINGZONE,ITISCOMPOSEDOFCARBONDIOXIDEANDWATERVAPOR,NITROGEN,ITSTEMPERATUREVARIESBETWEEN1200TO2500COXIDIZINGFLAMEISGENERATEDINTHECASEOFEXCESSOXYGEN,THEFLAMECORECONICAL,LENGTHSHORTENEDSIGNIFICANTLY,THEOUTLINEISNOTCLEAR,THEBRIGHTNESSISDIMSIMILARLY,THEREDUCTIONZONEANDOUTERFLAMEHASBEENSHORTENED,THEFLAMEWASPURPLEBLUECOMBUSTIONACCOMPANIEDBYSOUND,THESOUNDOFTHESIZEOFTHEPRESSUREOFOXYGEN,OXIDIZINGFLAMETEMPERATUREISHIGHERTHANNORMALFLAMEIFYOUAREUSINGTHEOXIDIZINGFLAMECUTTINGWILLMAKETHECUTQUALITYSIGNIFICANTLYDETERIORATEDREDUCINGFLAMEISGENERATEDINTHECASEOFEXCESSACETYLENEFLAMECOREISNOOBVIOUSSILHOUETTEGREENEDGE,THEFLAMEENDOFTHECORE,TODETERMINETHEEXCESSOFACETYLENEINACCORDANCEWITHTHEGREENEDGEREDUCINGZONEISUNUSUALLYBRIGHT,ALMOSTTHEFLAMECORELUMPEDTOGETHERWAIYANTHEYELLOWWHENTHEEXCESSACETYLENEISTOOFAR,BLACKSMOKE,WHICHISCAUSEDBECAUSEOFTHELACKOFNECESSARYOXYGENACETYLENEFLAMEINCOMBUSTIONPREHEATTHEENERGYOFTHEFLAMESIZEANDCUTTINGSPEED,CUTQUALITYAREALLVERYCLOSEWITHTHECUTWORKPIECETHICKNESSINCREASESANDTHECUTTINGSPEEDTOACCELERATE,THEENERGYOFTHEFLAMEALSOSHOULDINCREASEAS,BUTNOTTOOSTRONG,PARTICULARLYWHENTHESLABISCUT,THETHEMETALCOMBUSTIONHEATOFREACTIONGENERATEDINCREASES,STRENGTHENINGTHECUTTINGPOINTPREHEATCAPABILITIES,CUTTINGEDGE,THEN,TOOSTRONGPREHEATINGFLAMEWILLMAKESERIOUSMELTINGCOLLAPSEDONTHEEDGEOFTHECUTEDGETOOWEAKTOPREHEATFLAME,THESTEELWILLNOTGETENOUGHENERGYTOFORCETOREDUCETHECUTTINGSPEED,EVENCUTTINGPROCESSISINTERRUPTEDSOPREHEATINGFLAMESTRENGTHANDCUTTINGSPEEDRELATIONSHIPOFMUTUALRESTRAINTINGENERAL,THESTEELCUTTING200MMNEUTRALFLAMECANGETABETTERCUTQUALITYUSEDINTHECUTTINGOFSTEELPLATESSHOULDRESTOREPREHEATFLAMECUTTING,BECAUSETHEREDUCINGFLAMEOFTHEFLAMELENGTH,FLAMELENGTHSHOULDBEATLEASTATHICKNESSOF12TIMESORMORE2CUTTINGSPEEDTHECUTTINGSPEEDOFTHESTEELSHEETISCORRESPONDINGWITHTHEBURNINGRATEOFTHESTEELINANOXYGENINTHEACTUALPRODUCTIONSHOULDBEBASEDONTHEPERFORMANCEPARAMETERSOFTHECUTTINGNOZZLE,GASTYPEANDPURITY,STEELPLATETHICKNESSTOADJUSTTHECUTTINGSPEEDCUTTINGSPEEDDIRECTLYAFFECTSTHESTABILITYOFTHECUTTINGPROCESSANDTHEQUALITYOFCUTTINGSECTIONIFYOUWANTTOARTIFICIALLYINCREASETHECUTTINGSPEEDTOIMPROVEPRODUCTIONEFFICIENCYANDSLOWDOWNTHECUTTINGSPEEDTOBESTIMPROVETHEQUALITYOFTHECUTTINGSECTION,ITISIMPOSSIBLE,ONLYMAKETHEPOORQUALITYOFTHECUTTINGSECTIONTOOFASTCUTTINGSPEEDCANCAUSETHECUTTINGSECTIONSWITHQUALITYDEFECTSSUCHASDENTSANDDROSS,SERIOUSMAYRESULTINCUTTINGINTERRUPTTOOSLOWCUTTINGSPEEDMAKETHEINCISIONONTHEEDGEOFTHEMELTINGEDGEOFCOLLAPSE,THELOWEREDGEROUNDED,CUTTINGCROSSSECTIONINTHESECONDHALFPARTOFTHEFLUSHSHAPEDDEEPGROOVEPITBYOBSERVINGTHECHARACTERISTICSOFTHESLAGDISCHARGEDFROMTHEINCISION,ADJUSTTOTHEAPPROPRIATECUTTINGSPEEDINTHENORMALFLAMECUTTINGPROCESS,CUTTINGOXYGENSTREAMRELATIVETOTHEVERTICALCUTTINGTORCHSLIGHTLYATANANGLE,ANDITSCORRESPONDINGOFFSETISCALLEDDRAGAMOUNTSEEFIGURE93SPEEDISTOOLOW,THEREISNOAMOUNTOFPOSTDRAG,OFFSETTHEWORKPIECECUTBELOWTHEMOUTHOFTHEFIREBOUQUETSTOTHECUTTINGDIRECTIONIMPROVETHERUNNINGSPEEDOFTHETORCH,THEFIREBOUQUETWILLBEOFFSETINTHEOPPOSITEDIRECTION,WHENTHEFIREBOUQUETANDCUTTINGOXYGENFLOWPARALLELTOTHECUTTINGSPEEDSPEEDISTOOHIGH,THEFIREBOUQUETSIGNIFICANTLYAFTERPARTIAL,ASSHOWNINFIGURE94CUTTINGNOZZLEANDCUTTHEHEIGHTOFTHEWORKPIECESURFACESTEELPLATEFLAMECUTTINGPROCESS,THECUTTINGNOZZLETOCUTTHEHEIGHTOFTHEWORKSURFACEISONEOFTHEMAINFACTORSINDECISIONNOTCHQUALITYANDCUTTINGSPEEDDIFFERENTTHICKNESSOFTHEPLATE,USINGDIFFERENTPARAMETERSOFTHECUTTINGNOZZLE,ADJUSTTHEHEIGHTINORDERTOOBTAINHIGHQUALITYCUTS,THECUTTINGNOZZLETOTHEHEIGHTOFTHEWORKPIECESURFACETOBECUTINTHECUTTINGPROCESSMUSTBEKEPTBASICALLYTHESAMESECOND,THETHERMALDEFORMATIONOFTHECONTROLWILLALLOWTOBECUTDUETOTHEUNEVENNESSOFTHESTEELSHEETHEATINGANDCOOLING,THEMATERIALOFINTERNALSTRESSTHEROLEOFTHEWORKPIECEINTHECUTTINGPROCESS,DIFFERENTDEGREESOFBENDINGORDISPLACEMENTOFIEHEATDEFORMATION,THESPECIFICPERFORMANCEISTHEDEVIATIONOFTHESHAPEOFTHETWISTINGANDCUTTINGSIZEMATERIALINTERNALSTRESSCANNOTBEBALANCEDANDCOMPLETELYELIMINATED,ITCANONLYTAKESOMEMEASURESTOTRYTOREDUCETHETHERMALDEFORMATIONTHIRD,THESTEELSURFACEPREPARATIONTHESTEELFROMTHESTEELPLANTTHROUGHASERIESOFINTERMEDIATELINKSTOTHECUTTINGWORKSHOP,DURINGTHATTIME,THESTEELSURFACEWILLINEVITABLYPRODUCEALAYEROFOXIDEFURTHERMORE,THESTEELSHEETISALSOPRODUCEDDURINGTHEROLLINGPROCESSTHELAYEROFOXIDEISATTACHEDTOTHESURFACEOFTHESTEELSHEETTHESEOXIDEHASAHIGHMELTINGPOINT,ISNOTEASYTOBURNANDMELT,WARMUPTIME,REDUCINGTHECUTTINGSPEEDHEATEDATTHESAMETIME,SCALESPLASH,CANEASILYCAUSECONGESTION,REDUCETHESERVICELIFEOFTHECUTTINGNOZZLECUTTINGNOZZLETHEREFORE,PRIORTOCUTTING,ITISNECESSARYONTHESURFACEOFTHESTEELSHEETRUSTPRETREATMENTTHECOMMONMETHODISTOSHOTBLASTING,RUSTAFTERPAINTINGUPCOMINGSMALLIRONSANDBLASTINGMACHINESPRAYEDINTOTHESURFACEOFTHESTEELPLATE,RELYONTHEIMPACTOFIRONORETOSTEELDESCALING,THENSPRAYEDFLAMERETARDANT,ELECTRICALCONDUCTIVITYANDGOODANTIRUSTPAINTRUSTPAINTPRETREATMENTBEFORESTEELCUTTINGHASBECOMEANINDISPENSABLEPARTINTHEPRODUCTIONOFMETALSTRUCTURESFOURTH,CNCFLAMECUTTINGQUALITYDEFECTSCAUSEANALYSISINTHEACTUALPRODUCTIONPROCESS,OFTENONEWAYORANOTHERQUALITYPROBLEMS,GENERALLYTHEREARESEVERALDEFECTSEDGEDEFECTS,CUTTINGCROSSSECTIONDEFECTS,DROSS,CRACKS,ETCANDQUALITYACCIDENTSCAUSEDBYMANYREASONS,IFTHEOXYGENPURITYTOENSURENORMAL,NORMALOPERATIONOFEQUIPMENT,CAUSINGFLAMECUTTINGQUALITYDEFECTSISMAINLYMANIFESTEDINTHEFOLLOWINGASPECTSCUTTINGTORCH,CUTTINGNOZZLE,THEQUALITYOFTHESTEELITSELF,STEELPLATE1ONTHECUTTINGEDGEOFQUALITYDEFECTSTHISISCAUSEDDUETOMELTINGOFQUALITYDEFECTS1ONTHEEDGEOFCOLLAPSEEDGEPHENOMENONTHEEDGEOFTHEMELTINGTOOQUICKLY,RESULTINGINAROUNDEDEDGECOLLAPSEREASONS1CUTTINGSPEEDISTOOSLOW,TOOPREHEATFLAME2CUTTINGHEIGHTBETWEENTHENOZZLEANDTHEWORKPIECEISTOOHIGHORTOOLOWCUTTINGNOZZLENUMBERISTOOLARGE,EXCESSOXYGENINTHEFLAME2TEARDROPSHAPEDMELTINGSTRINGBEANSSEEFIGURE99PHENOMENONTHEUPPEREDGEOFTHECUTTOFORMASERIESOFTEARDROPSHAPEDMELTBEANSREASONS1THESURFACEOFTHESTEELCORROSIONOROXIDE2CUTTINGHEIGHTBETWEENTHEMOUTHANDTHESTEELISTOOSMALL,PREHEATFLAMEISTOOSTRONG3CUTTINGHEIGHTBETWEENTHEMOUTHANDTHESTEELISTOOLARGE3THEUPPEREDGEOFTHEMATSECTIONANDPRESENTSTHETHEEAVESSHAPESEEFIGURE910PHENOMENAINTHEUPPEREDGEOFTHECUTFORMINGTHEEAVESLIKEPROJECTINGEDGECOLLAPSEREASONS1PREHEATTHEFLAMEISTOOSTRONGTHECUTTOOLOWANALTITUDEBETWEENTHEMOUTHANDSTEEL3CUTTINGSPEEDISTOOSLOWCUTTINGHEIGHTBETWEENTHENOZZLEANDTHEWORKPIECEISTOOLARGE,THECUTTINGNOZZLENUMBERISTOOLARGE,THETHEPREHEATFLAMEINOXYGENEXCESS4THEUPPEREDGEOFTHECUTTINGSECTIONOFDROSSSEEFIGURE911PHENOMENONONTHEEDGEOFTHEINCISIONDEPRESSIONANDDROSSREASONS1CUTTINGHEIGHTBETWEENTHENOZZLEANDTHEWORKPIECEISTOOLARGE,CUTTINGOXYGENPRESSUREISTOOHIGH2PREHEATTHEFLAMEISTOOSTRONG2THECUTTINGSECTIONRUGGEDFLATNESS1CUTTINGTHESECTIONBELOWTHEUPPEREDGE,ACONCAVEDEFECTSEEFIGURE912PHENOMENONTHERECEIVINGDEPRESSION,ONTHEEDGEOFTHECUTTINGSECTIONATTHEUPPEREDGETHEREAREDIFFERENTDEGREESOFMELTINGMATSECTIONREASONS1CUTTINGOXYGENPRESSUREISTOOHIGH2CUTTINGHEIGHTBETWEENTHENOZZLEANDTHEWORKPIECEISTOOLARGETHECUTTINGNOZZLEBECOMESCLOGGED,THEWINDLINEDISTURBEDDEFORMATION2SLOTTEDBECONTRACTEDFROMTOPTOBOTTOMSEEFIGURE913PHENOMENONSLOTTEDWIDERATTHETOPREASONS1CUTTINGOXYGENPRESSUREISTOOHIGH2CUTTINGHEIGHTBETWEENTHENOZZLEANDTHEWORKPIECEISTOOLARGETHECUTTINGNOZZLEBECOMESCLOGGED,THEWINDLINEDISTURBEDDEFORMATIONPHENOMENONSLOTTEDTHENARROWWIDTH,BELLSHAPEDREASONS1THECUTTINGSPEEDISTOOFAST,CUTTINGOXYGENPRESSUREISTOOHIGHCUTTINGNOZZLENUMBERISTOOLARGE,TOOMUCHCUTTINGOXYGENFLOW3CUTTINGHEIGHTBETWEENTHENOZZLEANDTHEWORKPIECEISTOOLARGE4CUTTINGSECTIONRECESSSEEFIGURE915PHENOMENONTHECUTTINGSECTION,ESPECIALLYTHEMIDDLEPARTWITHDEPRESSIONREASONS1CUTTINGSPEEDISTOOFAST2TOUSETHECUTTINGNOZZLEISTOOSMALL,THECUTTINGPRESSUREISTOOLOW,CUTTINGNOZZLEISCLOGGEDORDAMAGED3CUTTINGOXYGENPRESSUREISTOOHIGH,THEWINDLINEBLOCKEDDETERIORATION5CUTTINGSECTIONSHOWINGACORRUGATEDSHAPESEEFIGURE916PHENOMENONCUTTINGSECTIONUNEVEN,SHOWINGALARGECORRUGATEDSHAPEREASONS1CUTTINGSPEEDISTOOFAST2CUTTINGOXYGENPRESSUREISTOOLOW,CUTTINGNOZZLECLOGGINGORDAMAGE,DETERIORATIONOFAIRLINE3USINGTHECUTTINGNOZZLENUMBERISTOOLARGE6THEANGULARDEVIATIONOFTHEVERTICALDIRECTIONOFTHEINCISIONSEEFIGURE917PHENOMENONAVERTICALINCISION,ABEVELREASONSTORCHANDTHEWORKPIECESURFACEISNOTPERPENDICULARTOTHEWINDLINEISNOTCORRECT7UNDERTHEEDGEOFTHEINCISIONINTOROUNDEDCORNERSSEEFIGURE918PHENOMENONTHELOWEREDGEOFTHEINCISIONHAVEDIFFERENTDEGREESOFMELTING,ROUNDEDSHAPEREASONSCUTTINGNOZZLECLOGGINGORDAMAGE,DETERIORATIONOFAIRLINECUTTINGSPEEDISTOOFAST,CUTTINGOXYGENPRESSUREISTOOHIGH8THERECESSANDTHELOWEREDGEOFTHELOWERPARTOFTHEINCISIONINTOTHEROUNDEDCORNERSSEEFIGURE919PHENOMENONCLOSETOTHELOWEREDGEOFTHEDEPRESSIONANDTHELOWEREDGEISMELTEDINTOAFILLETCAUSETHECUTTINGSPEEDISTOOFAST,THECUTTINGNOZZLECLOGGINGORDAMAGETO,DETERIORATIONOFAIRLINEBLOCKED3ROUGHNESSDEFECTSOFTHECUTTINGSECTIONCUTTINGCROSSSECTIONOFTHEROUGHNESSOFTHEDIRECTLYAFFECTSUBSEQUENTSTEP,THEPROCESSINGQUALITYOFTHECUTSURFACEROUGHNESSANDAHEADOFTHEAMOUNTOFITSDEPTHOFCUTPATTERN1EXCESSIVEDRAGCUTTINGSECTIONFIGURE920PHENOMENONTHECUTTINGSECTIONCUTPATTERNOFFSETBACKWARDS,ATTHESAMETIMEASTHESIZEOFTHEOFFSETANDVARYINGDEGREESOFDEPRESSIONREASONS1CUTTINGSPEEDISTOOFAST2TOUSETHECUTTINGNOZZLEISTOOSMALL,TOOSMALLCUTTINGOXYGENFLOW,CUTTINGOXYGENPRESSUREISTOOLOW3CUTTINGHEIGHTOFTHENOZZLEANDTHEWORKPIECEISTOOLARGE2INTHEUPPERHALFOFTHECUTTINGSECTION,ACUTADVANCEAMOUNTSEEFIGURE921PHENOMENONACUTNEARTHEUPPEREDGE,THEFORMATIONOFACERTAINDEGREEOFADVANCEAMOUNTREASONS1CUTTINGTORCHISNOTPERPENDICULARTOTHECUTTINGDIRECTION,CUTTINGNOZZLECLOGGINGORDAMAGETHEWINDLINEBLOCKEDDETERIORATEPHENOMENONTHESECTIONCLOSETOTHECUTTINGEDGEOFACUTAHEADTOOMUCHREASONSCUTTINGNOZZLECLOGGINGORDAMAGE,THEWINDLINEBLOCKEDDETERIORATIONTORCHVERTICALORCUTTINGNOZZLE,THEWINDLINEISNOTRIGHT,TILT4DROSSONTHECUTTINGSECTIONORTHELOWEREDGEOFDIFFICULTTOREMOVETHEDROSS1THELOWEREDGEOFTHEDROSSSEEFIGURE923PHENOMENONTHELOWEREDGEOFTHECUTTINGSECTIONTOPRODUCEACONTINUOUSDROSSREASONSCUTTINGSPEEDISTOOFASTORTOOSLOW,THECUTTINGNOZZLENUMBERISTOOSMALL,CUTTINGOXYGENPRESSUREISTOOLOW2PREHEATINGFLAMEGASEXCESSSTEELSURFACEOXIDERUSTORUNCLEAN3CUTTINGHEIGHTBETWEENTHENOZZLEANDTHEWORKPIECEISTOOLARGE,TOOPREHEATINGFLAME2CUTTINGSECTIONDROSSPHENOMENONTHEDROSSONTHECUTTINGSECTION,ESPECIALLYINTHELOWERHALFOFTHEDROSSCAUSETHECONTENTOFALLOYCOMPOSITIONISTOOHIGH5CRACKPHENOMENONAVISIBLECRACKONTHECUTTINGSECTION,ORPULSATIONINTHECUTTINGSECTIONNEARINTERNALCRACK,ORJUSTCRACKSCANBESEENINCROSSSECTIONREASONSTHEAMOUNTOFCARBONORALLOYCOMPOSITIONCONTAININGTOOHIGH,THEUSEOFWARMUPCUTTINGMETHOD,THEPREHEATINGTEMPERATUREOFTHEWORKPIECEISNOTENOUGH,THETHEWORKPIECECOOLINGTIMEISTOOFAST,THEMATERIALWORKHARDENING中文译文数控火焰气割的基本常识（一）气割的基本工作原理及气割的过程利用气体火焰的热能将工件切割处预热到一定温度后，喷出高速切割氧流，使其燃烧并放出热量实现切割的方法，叫气割。氧气切割过程有下列三个阶段1、预热气割开始时，利用气体火焰氧乙炔焰、氧丙烷焰将工件待切割处预热到该种金属材料的燃点对于低碳钢约为11001150。2、燃烧喷出高速切割氧流，使已达燃点的金属在氧流中激烈燃烧。3、吹渣金属燃烧生成的氧化物被氧流吹掉，形成切口，使金属分离，完成切割过程。（二）气焊、气割用设备的组成气焊、气割用设备由氧气瓶、氧气减压器、乙炔瓶乙炔发生器、乙炔减压器、回火保险器、焊炬割炬和橡胶管等组成。（三）什么样的割口是好的切割后的割口面中间泛白没有疤痕割口不带废渣没有烧边现象（四）可以气割的金属应符合下述条件1）金属氧化物的熔点应低于金属熔点。是一些常用的金属及其氧化物的熔点。2）金属与氧气燃烧能放出大量的热，而且金属本身的导热性要低。符合上述气割条件的金属有纯铁、低碳钢、中碳钢和低合金钢以及钛等。其它常用的金属如铸铁、不锈钢、铝和铜等，必须采用特殊的氧燃气切割方法或熔化方法切割。对于8MM以下的板材，不易采用数控气割。数控火焰切割气割精度是指被切割完的工作几何尺寸与其图纸尺寸对比的误差关系，切割质量是指工件切割断面的表面粗糙度、切口上边缘的熔化塌边程度、切口下边缘是否有挂渣和割缝宽度的均匀性等。一、影响钢板火焰切割质量的三个基本要素（气体、切割速度、割嘴高度）气体（氧气，可燃性气体，火焰的调整）氧气氧气是可燃气体燃烧时所必须的，以便为达到钢材的点燃温度提供所需的能量；另外，氧气是钢材被预热达到燃点后进行燃烧所必须的。切割钢材所用氧气必须要有较高的纯度，一般要求在995以上，一些先进国家的工业标准要求氧气纯度在997以上。氧气纯度每降低05，钢板的切割速度就要降低10左右。如果氧气纯度降
- 温馨提示:
1: 本站所有资源如无特殊说明，都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
2: 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等，如果需要附件，请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
3.本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸，网页内容里面会有图纸预览，若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间，仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理，对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑，并不能对任何下载内容负责。
6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容，请与我们联系，我们立即纠正。
7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
人人文库网所有资源均是用户自行上传分享，仅供网友学习交流，未经上传用户书面授权，请勿作他用。
川公网安备: 51019002004831号