高一英语Unit 3Computers人教实验版知识精讲

高一英语高一英语 UnitUnit 3 3 ComputersComputers 人教实验版人教实验版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： Unit 3 Computers 1. 重点单词短语用法讲解 2. 课文难点句解析 二. 知识总结与归纳： 单元内容简介：学习计算机的发展历史，了解计算机在人类生产生活中发挥的 重要作用。 三. 重点讲解与归纳： 1. discuss what they have in common. discuss: 讨论 discuss sth. discuss doing sth. discuss + wh 从句 discuss + 疑问词 + 不定式 eg. We discussed the latest news over tea. They discussed giving a big surprise to you. We are discussing whether we should give you the exam. The leaders are discussing how to deal with the situation. n. discussion have a discussion 讨论 under discussion 在讨论中 in common: 共有，共享（在句中多作状语） common: 1）普通的，常见的 common sense 常识 common people 老百姓 a common mistake 常见错误 2）共有的，公共的 common poverty 公共财产 common interests 公共利益 3）in common 共有 The two men own the company in common. 4） have in common （with） 与共有 They have nothing in common with each other. have little in common have something in common have a lot in common 5） in common with （=like） In common with many young people, I like music. 辨析： common: “普通的，一般的” ，符合或具有全体所共有的特征。 usual：通常指所熟悉的东西或经常发生的事件的性质。 e.g. Today she came at her usual time. ordinary: 侧重表示“外表平凡，平平常常，随时可以碰到” ，着重平淡无奇。 e.g. He is an ordinary looking man. 2. Use some of the following expressions in your discussion. following: 下列的，接着的 in the following year= in the next year=in the year that follows follow: v. 跟随，追随, 听从 follow ones advice 听从某人的劝告 follow the example of 以为榜样 expression: 表达，表情 Her expression showed that she was angry. express: v. 表达 express oneself 3. in my opinion 以我的看法 in ones opinion =in the opinion of sb. e.g. In the opinion of many people, this is not a good plan. have a good/ bad/ high/ low opinion of =think well/ badly/ highly/ lowly of 4. I began only as a calculating machine in 1642 in France. calculate: vt. smoking B. to talk; to smoke C. talking; smoking D. talking; to smoke 23. What he had said at the meeting true. A. proves B. is proved C. proved D. was proved 24. You should make it a rule to leave things you can find them again. A. whenB. whereC. thenD. there 25. The speaker raised his voice, but still couldnt make himself_. A. hearB. to hearC. hearing D. heard 26. The girl _ on the ground _ to me that she had _ the book on the shelf. A. lying; lay; laidB. lay; lied; lain C. lie; lied; layD. lying; lied; laid 27. In this forest there are more or less 15 kinds of snakes, _five are very dangerous. A. which B. where C. of which D. in which 28. Has all_ can be done _? A. /; been doneB. /; done C. that; doneD. that; been done 29. If you want to visit the Great Wall, I suggest _next fall. A. you to go B. you go C. to go D. go 30. People like sports _ players compete_ prizes. A. in which , forB. where, for C. that, in D. when, to 31. -Hey, look where you are going! -Oh, Im terribly sorry, _. A. Im not noticing B. I wasnt noticing C. I havent noticed D. I dont notice 32. Every possible means _to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clean. A. is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been used 33. Is this the problem _the teacher explained last week ? Choose the wrong answer : A. which B. thatC. / D. the one 34. We cant go swimming today, because the swimming pool is _. A. under constructionB. being repaired C. under repairs D. repaired 35. I need one more stamp before my collection _. A. has completedB. completes C. has been completedD. is completed 第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的四个 选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 One day a wealthy family went on a trip to the countryside. The father wanted to 36 his son how 37 people live 38 they spent a day and a night in the farm of a very poor 39 . When they got back from their trip the father asked his son, “My dear son, how was the 40 ?” “Very 41 , Dad!” answered the boy. “Did you see how poor people live?” the father asked. “Yeah!” answered the son. “And what did you learn?” asked the father. The son answered, “I saw that we have a dog at home, and they have four. We have a 42 that reaches to the middle of the garden and they have a creek（小溪） that has no 43 . We have imported lamps（进口灯具） in the garden and they have the 44 . Our patio（天井） reaches to the front yard, 45 they have a whole horizon（旷野）.” When the little boy was 46 , his father was speechless. His son 47 , “Thanks Dad 48 showing me how 49 we are!” Isnt it true that it all depends 50 the 51 you look at things? If you have love, friends, family, health, good humor and a positive attitude（乐观的态度） 52 life youve got everything! You cant buy 53 of these things, 54 still you can have all the material possessions（财富） you can imagine, provisions（储备） for the future, etc. But if you are poor of spirit, you have nothing! Attitude is 55 ! Make a decision to have a good, positive and productive attitude （积极， 乐观，上进）every day! 36. A. show B. give C. send D. tell 37. A. happy B. sorrow C. rich D. poor 38. A. thus B. so C. therefore D. when 39. A. house B. home C. family D. room 40. A. journey B. trip C. stay D. travel 41. A. bad B. good C. well D. badly 42. A. river B. lake C. canal D. pool 43. A. endless B. ending C. end D. ended 44. A. sun B. stars C. planet D. electricity light 45. A. yet B. however C. so D. though 46. A. finished B. finishing C. completed D. completing 47. A. adding B. added C. saying D. said 48. A. for B. of C. with D. about 49. A. poor B. rich C. glad D. happy 50. A. in B. on C. for D. about 51. A. method B. manners C. way D. means 52. A. of B. for C. towards D. at 53. A. nothing B. any C. some D. everything 54. A. then B. but C. though D. so 55. A. anything B. nothing C. everything D. something 第三部分：阅读理解（共 20 小题，满分 40 分）阅读下列短文，并做每篇后面的题。 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能够回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。 A Jane Clark, fair-haired, blue-eyed and tough as steel, has just won the most difficult race in the world. In seventeen days she drove a dog team and sledge across 1,050 miles of the Arctic Circle and through some of the most difficult land in the world. In bitter winds and snow-storms she drove her dogs along the Arctic track, in temperatures that reached -38 . When Jane was asked how she felt about being the first woman ever to win the race she said, “I still cannot believe it.” She then went over to inspect her thirteen wild-eyed dogs. David Wilson, who came second said, “It sure hurts when a young woman is ahead of you. But it doesnt hurt for long. She was a good winner.” 56. Which of the following best gives the main idea of this newspaper article? A. Woman wins the worlds toughest race! B. Woman fights bitter winds and snow-storms! C. Woman wins a sledge race in the world! D. Woman drives a dog team across the Arctic! 57. Why was the race considered to be very hard? A. The race was very long and on a very narrow track. B. The people racing only had dogs to pull the sledge. C. The trip was long and hard and the temperatures were low. D. The people racing had to pull the sledges on their own. 58. What was so special about Jane winning the race? A. No woman had ever won this race in the past. B. Her thirteen dogs were wild and difficult to control. C. She broke the record by taking only seventeen days to complete the race. D. This was the first time she had taken part in this kind of race. 59. How did David Wilson feel about the race? A. He had an accident during the race and thought it was not fair. B. He was sorry to lose but thought it was fair that Jane won the race. C. He thought that it was not right to put men and women in the same race. D. He was very upset because he thought that he should have won. 60. From the text we know that Jane was_. A. a fair-minded girl B. very tough with her dogs C. interested in womens rights D. a very strong person B The Three Gorges Dam（三峡大坝）is not only the largest dam but also the largest engineering project（工程项目）on the earth. It aims to control the floods brought by the Yangtze River, and to produce power（电力）of 181, 200 megawatts（兆瓦）for Eastern and Central China. It will form a huge, deep water lake, and make it possible for 10, 000- ton oceaning-going ships to go straight from Shanghai to Chongqing, making it one of the worlds largest inland ports（港口）. The dam will be about 6, 860 feet wide and 611 feet high, at a place called Sandouping near Yichang when it is finished in 2020. It is clear that such a great project will do much good. However, some scientists dont agree. They say that it will affect the ecological（生态的）environment of the Yangtze River, the river bed will become worse because of the sand from upstream（上游）, and also there may be earthquakes in the Three Gorges area when the dam begins to hold water. 61. Where does the dam lie？ A. Near Chongqing. B. In Yichang. C. Near Chengdu. D. In Sandouping. 62. Scientists dont fear that _ when the dam is built. A. the ecological balance will be destroyed B. the river bed will become sand bed C. there will be earthquakes D. the Yangtze River may be too crowded 63 .Which is not true according to the passage？ A. Chongqing will become one of the largest inland ports. B. China will be able to depend on the Yangtze River for electricity. C. The dam will bring serious pollution. D. The dam will tame（驯服）the Yangtze River. 64. Which of the following isnt mentioned in this passage？ A. Some low places will become a lake in the dam area. B. The river in the dam area will become wilder. C. Giant（巨大的）ocean-going ships cannot reach Chongqing until now. D. Some species（物种）may disappear there. C All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy, happy and help them to live longer. Sports change with the season. People play different games in winter and summer. Games and sports often grow out of peoples work and everyday activities. The Arabs use horses or camels in much of their everyday life; they use them in their sports, too. Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for them. Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers. Some sports or games go back to thousands of years, like running or jumping. Chinese boxing, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years old yet. People are inventing new sports or games all the time. People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game they often become good friends. Sports help to train a persons character（性格）. One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace（体面）. 65. According to this passage we know that _. A. people began to play about one hundred years ago B. about 100 years ago people ran or jumped when they played C. basketball has a longer history than volleyball D. not all the games have a long history 66. The writer didnt tell us in this passage that _. A. basketball was invented in America B. sports change with the season C. games and sports often grow out of peoples work and everyday activities D. football is played all over the world 67. People all over the world enjoy sports because _. A. sports are interesting B. sports help to keep people healthy , happy and to live longer C. sports help to train ones character D. all of the above 68. From this passage we can see that_. A. sports and games are unimportant things that people do B. sports and games should be treated（对待）only as amusement（娱乐活动） C. sports and games are only useful to the old D. none of the above is true D Today almost everyone knows computers and the Internet. If I ask you “What is the most important in your life?”, maybe you will say “Computers and the Internet. ” The first computer was made in 1946. It was very big but it worked slowly. Today computers are getting smaller and smaller. But they work faster and faster. What can computers do? A writer has said, “People cant live without computers today. ” The Internet came a little later than computers. It is about twenty- five years later than computers. But now it can be found almost everywhere. We can use it to read books, write letters, do shopping, play games or make friends. Many students like the Internet very much. They often go into the Internet as soon as they are free. They make friends on the Internet and maybe they have never seen these friends. They dont know their real names, ages, and even sex （性别）. They are so interested in making the “unreal friends” that they cant put their hearts into study. Many of them cant catch up with others on many subjects because of that. We can use computers and the Internet to learn more about the world. But at the same time, we should remember that not all the things can be done by computers and the Internet. 69. The Internet can not be used for _. A. studying B. shopping C. thinking D. playing 70 .When the computer was invented, it was _. A. large and worked quickly B. small and worked slowly C. large but worked slowly D. small but worked quickly 71. The Internet was born in about _. A. 1960 B. 1970 C. 1980 D. 1985 72. Which of the following is true? A. Few students like going into the Internet. B. Students use the Internet to make “unreal friends”. C. These “unreal friends” often meet each other. D. Students know the friends on the Internet very well. 73. What does the writer think of the Internet? A. It is wonderful. B. It can make students study harder. C. It is not good for students. D. It is helpful, but we cant do everything on it. E The 29th Olympic Games will be held in our country in 2020. As a great many people will visit our country, the government will build new hotels, huge stadiums, and fine new swimming pools. They will also build new roads. The games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called “Olympic City”. The workers will build a railway and some new roads by the end of 2020. The fine modern buildings have been designed by the best designers. Everyone in the capital is preparing himself for the Olympic Games by learning English. We will be very glad to see the new buildings go up. We are very excited and looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held in our country before. 74. Because of the 29th Olympic Games, _ . A. a lot of new buildings have been finished B. thousands of people visited our country. C. many new roads and a railway have been built D. a lot of new buildings have been planned 75. According to the passage, everyone in the capital _ for the Olympic Games. A. is busy building roads B. is studying English C. designing buildings D. is having sports and games 第二卷（共 35 分） 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节：短文改错（共 10 小题满分 10 分） 此题要求改正所给短文中的错误，对标有题号的每一行做出判断；如无错误， 在该行右边横线上画一个勾（） ；如有错误（每行只有一个错误） ，则按下列情况 改正： 该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词， 并也用斜线划掉。 该行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（） ，