人教版高三英语Unit 12知识精讲1

Unit 12知识精讲一. 本周教学内容：Unit 12I. Useful words and expressions：1. throughout the winter 整个冬天2. go to sleep 入睡3. a good many 许多4. keep the cold out 御寒5. lead an active life 生活得很活跃6. keep up 保持，继续7. below freezing 在零度以下，在冰点以下8. have no choice but to do 别无选择只能9. lie down 躺下10. lie in 在于11. that is to say 也就是说12. large quantities of 大量的13. make use of 利用14. supply. for 为提供15. show off 显示的优点，展示II. Word study1. keep up保持，继续，持续I hope the weather will keep up.We have kept on our friendship for over 20 years.If the storm keeps up, the crops will be destroyed.跟上，不落后John had to work hard to keep up.A runner cant deep up with a cyclist.We must keep up with the times.keep on（doing） 继续做，继续干He kept on till the work was finished.Keep on until you reach the traffic lights.You kept on making the same mistake.keep to 遵守，按行事，坚持He always keeps to his promises.We must keep to that idea throughout.keep off 避开，（使）不要踩Keep off the grass.Please keep off that subject.keep .（sb./ sth.）outThe window curtain keeps the heat out.Dont keep your uncle out in the cold. Ask him to come in.2. show off display sth. to advantage显示的优点，使显眼The new swim-suit shows off her figure well.Shes showing off her knowledge again.3. more than 不仅仅是，不只是（= not only），或是多于，（= over）The museum is more than ten kilometers from here.（over）The museum is more than a museum. Its a school.China Daily is more than a newspaper. It helps to improve our English.Mr Zhang is more than a teacher. He is our best friend.4. supplysupply . for sb./ sth. 为提供The school supplies books for the children.Trees supply shade in summer.supply sb. with sth 向供应Cows supply us with milk.The town is supplied with water from a reservoir in the hills.This shop supplies us with all we need.be in short supply 供应不足These goods are in short supply.Cabbages are in short supply.III. Listening：Listen to the dialogue on Page 67, and do the following exercise:（ ）1. Where is Eric?A. In England B. In Britain C. In the USA（ ）2. Eric wants to see _.A. some special things about the USA.B. USAs national parks.C. Towns and cities.（ ）3. Its rather expensive to _.A. hire a car B. camp C. stay in a hotel（ ）4. Why did Charlie suggest Eric take a friend with him?A. To spare timeB. To reduce the cost of travelingC. To have a good time together.Key：1. C 2. A 3. C 4. BUnit 12 Winter SleepLanguage points:1. What do you suggest I see?宾语从句I see = that I should seesuggest后的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”should可以省略。适用于这一规则的动词还有：arrange, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, request, require注意：（1）suggest表示“建议”时，宾语从句用虚拟语气。但，suggest表示“指出，表明”时，宾语从句用陈述语气。（2）insist表示“坚持（应该）”时，宾语从句用虚拟语气。但，insist表示“坚决声明”时，宾语从句用陈述语气。1）you/ we/ start off/ early/ airport?2）Mr. Lee/ ill, I/ meeting/ put off.3）doctor/ she/ stay/ bed/ a few days.4）They/ the black people/ treat/ well/ white people.5）I/ you / give/ money/ back.6）her expression/ suggest/ she/ angry7）Mike/ insist/ he/ never/ steal/ anythingKey：1）Do you suggest that we（should）start off early for the airport?2）I suggested that the meeting（should）be put off.3）The doctor ordered that she（should）stay in bed for a few days.4）The demanded that the black people should be treated as well as white people.5）I insisted that you give me my money back.6）Her expression suggest that she was angry.7）Mike insisted that he never steal anything.2. Lets go out at about six oclock, shall we?Lets的反意疑问部分为shall we?（or okey?）Let us的反意疑问部分为will you?祈使句的反意疑问部分为wont you?（用于邀请），will you/ would you/ can you/ could you（用于告诉人们该做什么事，表示请求）1）Lets meet at the station, _?2）Let us go there, _?3）Have some beer, _?4）Shut the door, _?5）Alice, you feed the bird today, _?But I fed it yesterday.A. do you B. will you C. didnt you D. dont youKey：1）Lets meet at the station, shall we?2）Let us go there, will you?3）Have some beer, wont you?4）Shut the door, will you?5）B3. A good many animals sleep under the snow.A（great）good many+nA good many of the ., a number of, a large number of +nA great deal of, a large amount of +nA lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, quantities of +n1）I/ have/ things/ do/ today.2）students/ dance/ playground.3）cookies/ bake.4）water/ bucketKey：1）I have a great many things to do today.2）There were a good many of the students dancing on the playground.3）Quantities of cookies have been baked.4）There is a lot of water in the bucket.4. There is a lot of air in loose snow, and this helps to keep the cold out.keep sb/ sth out（of）不使进入1）window curtain/ heat.2）not/ your brother/ cold. Ask/ come in!3）I/ reading, that cat / my study.Key：1）The window curtain keeps the heat out.2）Dont keep your brother out in the cold. Ask him to come in.3）Keep that cat out of our study.复习常用短语：Keep off the grass. Keep away from., keep up with, keep back（ones tears）, keep.from., keep on doing, keep up, keep in mind, keep fit/ healthy, keep a shop, keep cattle, keep ones promise, keep ones word, keep the law, keep in touch with,5. . they lead an active life which keeps up their normal body temperature even in very cold winter weather.lead/ have/ live a . life“度过生活”1）She/ a long/ happy life.2）The old man/ a quiet life/ countryside.keep up“保持，维持，继续”1）Many people _ this old tradition.2）They promised each other that they would _ their friendship forever.Key：1）She led a long and happy life.2）The old man led a quiet life in the countryside.keep up“保持，维持，继续”1）Many people keep up this old tradition.2）They promised each other that they would keep up their friendship forever.6. Then it has no choice but to lie down and sleep.have no choice but to do“除（做）外，别无他法，非不可，只好”do nothing（anything）but do1）He had no choice but _（leave）.2）I dont have any choice but _（do）as you tell me.3）He has no choice but _（tell）the truth.4）After he got home, he did nothing but _（rest）.Key：1）He had no choice but to leave.2）I dont have any choice but to do as you tell me.3）He has no choice but to tell the truth.4）After he got home, he did nothing but rest.7. Hibernation is more than sleep.（= Hibernation is not only sleep.）more than1）not only 2）over1）China Daily is _ a newspaper. It helps to improve our English.2）Mr Smith is _ a teacher. He is our best friend.3）He saw _ 800 children dying of starvation.Key：1）China Daily is more than a newspaper. It helps to improve our English.2）Mr Smith is more than a teacher. He is our best friend.3）He saw more than 800 children dying of starvation.8. The answer lies in two facts.lie in“在于，全在”1）The away out _.（在于发展教育）2）The problem _.（在于严重被污染的环境）.3）Where _ the problem _?4）The accident/ partly/ the driver himself.Key：1）The way out lies in the development of education.2）The problem lies in a badly-polluted environment.3）Where does the problem lie?4）The accident lies partly in the driver himself.9. The second is connected with the main use the body makes of food _ to supply the energy for movement.be connected with“与有关”1）I always considered your brother _ that club.2）The discussion/ closely/ our work.Key：1）I always considered your brother to be connected with that club.2）The discussion will be connected closely with our work.make use of“利用”1）We/ try/ this waste gas.2）They have _（充分利用）their natural resources.Key：1）We should try to make use of this waste gas.2）They have made full use of their natural resources.10. Can you make suggestions as to what I should see?as to “关于，至于”1）There is no doubt _.（至于他的诚实）2）She had no idea at all _.（(至于)她该做什么）3）He asked my advice _.（他该怎么办）Key：1）There is no doubt as to his honesty.2）She had no idea at all as to what she ought to do.3）He asked my advice as to what he should do.11. 复合形容词的构词法1）形容词（数词）+名词+edkind-hearted 好心的 warm-hearted 热心的 warm-blooded 热血的three-legged 三条腿的 one-eyed 一只眼的2）形容词（副词，名词）+doingtired-looking 面带倦容的 hard-working 勤劳的 peace-loving 爱好和平的3）名词（副词）+过去分词snow-covered 白雪覆盖的 newly-made 新建的4）名词（形容词）+形容词world-famous 世界闻名的 life-long 终生的 dark-blue 深蓝的5）数词+名词ten-year 十年的 two-men 二人的12. 副词的构词法1）以y结尾的，变y为i+ly easyeasily happyhappily2）以ue结尾的，去e+ly truetruly3）以le结尾的，去e+y possiblepossibly gentlegently4）以e结尾的，直接+ly nicenicely politepolitely5）以ll结尾的，直接+y fullfully注意：在英语中有些以ly结尾的词是形容词。如：daily, early, weekly, manly, motherly, brotherly, neighborly, childly, friendly, chilly, likely, lonely, kindly, elderly, poorly【模拟试题】情态动词专练1. A computer _ think for itself, it must be told what to do.（MET91）A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not2. If it _ for the snow, we _ the mountain yesterday.（MET91）A. were not; could have climbedB. were not; could climbC. had not been; could have climbedD. had not been; could climb3. Jenny _ have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind.（MET91）A. must B. should C. need D. would4. Could I borrow your dictionary?Yes, of course you _. （MET92）A. might B. will C. can D. should5. We _ last night, but we went to the concert instead.（NMET92）A. must have studied B. might studyB. should have studied D. would study6. Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure.（MET93）A. must B. may C. can D. will7. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _ for her.（NMET94）A. had to write it outB. must have written it outC. should have written it outD. ought to write it out8. Shall I tell John about it?No, you _, Ive told him already.（NMET94）A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. shouldnt9. Its nearly seven oclock. Jack _ be here at any moment.（NMET95）A. must B. need C. should D. can10. There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.It _ a comfortable journey.（NMET95）A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been11. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself.（NMET96）A. wont; cant B. mustnt; mayC. shouldnt, must D. cant; shouldnt12. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.（NMET97）A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to13. When he was there, he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.（96 上海）A. would B. should C. had better D. might14. Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she _ something she would regret later.（96 上海）A. had said B. said C. might say D. might have said15. Sir, you _ be sitting in this waiting room. It is for women and children only.（96 上海）A. oughtnt to B. cant C. wont D. neednt16. Jack _ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me.（97 上海）A. mustnt have arrived B. shouldnt have arrivedC. cant have arrived D. need not have arrived17. Susan _ written a report like this.（95 上海）A. can have B. mustnt have C. cant have D. ought to not have18. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher.（96 上海）A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say19. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.They _ be ready by 12:00.（NMET98）A. can B. should C. might D. need20. I stayed at a hotel while in New York.Oh, did you? You _ with Barbara.（NMET98）A. could have stayed B. could stayC. would stay D. must have stayed21. Will you stay for lunch?Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me.（NMET99）A. I mustnt B. I cant C. I neednt D. I wont22. Sorry Im late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.（NMET2000 春招）A. might B. should C. can D. will23. I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word.（NMET2001）A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have leftC. couldnt have left D. neednt leave24. Write to me when you get home._. （NMET2000 北京，安徽，内蒙古卷）A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can25. You are late, you _ here five minutes ago.A. were B. could have been C. should have been D. must be26. Mike didnt appear until 10 oclock. In fact, he _ much earlier.A. must have arrived B. may have arrivedC. could have arrived D. cant arrive27. We have plenty of time, we _ hurried.A. mustnt have B. should have C. neednt have D. ought to hav