2020高考英语一轮复习 专题突破48 语法

专题技能突破(48) 语法【技能讲解】英语语法是针对英语语言的语法进行的研究。语法是组词造句的规则，是把合适的词放进合适位置的艺术文化底蕴，语法可以分为两大部分：词法和句法。词法包括各类词的形态及其变化，句法主要讲句子的种类、类型，句子成分及遣词造句的规则。学生理解的语法往往很狭隘，把英语学不好简单的归咎为语法听不懂。殊不知词法也是语法中不可缺少的，最基础、最重要的一部分。学习每一个单词的过程也是学习语法的过程之一。因此，想学好语法，首先学好词法。只有词法掌握好了，即知道一个单词的含义，词性及用法，才能正确地把单词组合成句子。句子主要分三种：简单句，并列句和复合句。首先，必须学会分析简单句的句子成分，即主、谓、宾、表、定、状、补、同位。然后，学会如何把并列句、复合句拆分为两个或多个简单句，这样，长难句的理解就迎刃而解了。有时简单句也可能很长，其实只要抓住句子的主干，剩下的部分就好理解了。总之，学好语法并不难，也不抽象，只要时时留心，处处留神，从每一个单词学起，平时多积累，多整理，多分析句子，语法一定能学好。典例剖析1. It was so lovely that I liked very much._答案like为及物动词，故其后需加it作宾语。不及物动词后不能直接加宾语，有时可以加介词，再接宾语，如改错：2Please wait me for a moment._答案wait为不及物动词，故需加一个介词for。另外，还需要知道一个单词往往不只一个词性或不只有一种词意，如：present 3One woman, Mrs Gilbert, _ Darios mother _ a book of piano music by Chopin.2020北京高考，完形答案presented; with在平时的学习中，如能多积累一词多意，一词多性的词的用法，有助于在高考题中正确地并且迅速地理解文章意思，帮助考生做对题。如：4On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “Lost my job. Family to Feed.” 2020课标全国卷，完形spot: n. _.vt. _答案点、斑点发现技能演练改错(1)China enters into a new fiveyear plan period next year._(2)I will arrange someone to take you around._答案：(1)enter为及物动词，故删去into。(2)arrange for sb. to do sth.意为“安排某人做某事”，故arrange后加for。2写出下列单词的多重含义并判断其在以下例句中的含义(1)spare She said that she could only spare 35 minutes for our meeting._(2)strikeIt struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team._答案：(1)spare spare：抽出(2)strikestrike：某人突然想到3分析句子(1)断句，把下列长句子用“/”断成几个简单句Its about time they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident, at least they can be traced and there might be an opportunity to claim.(2)划出下列句子的主干Advice from graduates or current students can be as valuable in providing a genuine insight into the experience or quality of a particular degree program.答案：(1)Its about time/they had to be registered and insured，/so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident，/at least they can be traced and/there might be an opportunity to claim.(2)Advice from graduates or current students can_b