高三英语高考第一轮复习——Book I Unit 21－22人教版知识精讲

高三英语高考第一轮复习Book I Unit 2122人教版【本讲教育信息】一、教学内容高三第一轮复习：Book I Unit 2122（一）重点单词（二）重点短语（三）重点句型（四）重点语法二、知识精讲（一）重点单词1. avoid1) Try to avoid accidents.2) We must avoid making mistakes.suggest, admit, enjoy, escape, imagine, finish, keep, mind, practice, delay, consider, permit, allow, forbid, risk.2. contact1) Have you been in contact with him?2) Ive been trying to get in contact with you since yesterday.3) Making eye contact is in some countries a way to show interest.3. manage1) Every mother is good at managing children. However difficult it is, she can manage.2) Would you like me to help you with the suitcase? No, thanks. I can manage it.4. vary1) Body language varies from culture to culture.2) In order to improve your English, you should vary your reading.5. bend1) He bent his head and passed me.2) The lion bent over the baby and looked at it.3) The river bends to the east.4) He wasnt willing to bend to/before fate.5) She bent herself to her new job.6. occur1) The diseases occur most frequently in mountainous areas.2) These plants occur in South America only.3) A good idea occurred to me when I saw the paper.4) It just occurred to me that wed better book tickets in advance.（二）重点短语1. get through1) He has got through the driving test.2) I got through the book in only one day.3) The line was busy and I couldnt get through.4) I dont know how I got through the first couple of months after Andys death.5) go through6) look through7) break through8) pull through9) push through2. hold up1) I held up my hand to show that I had a question.2) Our flight was held up by fog.3) She is always holding up her children as models of behavior.4) hold back5) hold on to6) hold on3. give sb. a hand4. cut off1) As a result of the earthquake, water and electricity supplies were cut off.2) The small village was cut off by the heavy snow.cut down1) The tree was dead and he cut it down.2) The car industry cut down production.3) We cant cut down our expenses any more.cut in1) Dont cut in on our conversation.2) A yellow car passed me and suddenly cut in right in front of me.cut upcut up vegetables into small pieces5. ahead of6. tear down7. make a face8. in order9. look into sb.s eyes（三）重点句型回顾while1.While he is a top student, I can still see his shortcomings.While I understand your viewpoints, I dont agree with you.While I admit that there are problems, I dont agree that they cant be solved.2.I drink black coffee while she prefers it with cream.For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed.3.There will be life while there is water and air.Youll want for nothing while I am alive.4.He fell asleep while he was doing his homework.I lived in my friends home while I was a student.While she was writing a letter, the children were playing outside.（四）重点语法动词-ing形式的语法作用动词-ing一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个名词或形容词、副词，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等。1) v.ing作主语：Laying eggs is the ant queens full-time job.Saying is easier than doing.在下面两种结构中，v. -ing分词也作主语。为了保持句子平衡，通常用it作形式主语，而把真实主语放在句末。如：It is no use crying over spilt milk.Its a waste of time arguing about it.在There is no结构中，通常用v.-ing。如There is no joking about such matters.There is no holding back the wheel of history.2) v.-ing作表语：His hobby is collecting stamps.The problem is quite puzzling.3) v.-ing作宾语：v.-ing作动词宾语。如：I suggest doing it in a different way.avoid，suggest, admit, enjoy、escape、imagine, finish, keep, mind, practice, delay, consider, permit, allow, forbid, riskv.-ing作宾语也可用在复合宾语中作真正的宾语，而用it作形式宾语。如：Do you consider it any good trying again?v.-ing作介词宾语，经常用在一些短语的后面。如Im against inviting him to dinner.They dont feel like walking that much.He went to London in the hope of being a famous painter.此类短语还有很多。在有些句子中，介词常可省去。如：I have no difficulty (in) communicating with foreigners.He used to spend a lot of time (in) playing games.What can prevent us (from) getting married?4) v.-ing分词作定语：单个的分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面。如：reading room swimming pool dining car sleeping car singing competitionwaiting room a waiting car a sleeping child flying fishthe exciting news a boring speechv.-ing分词短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面，也相当于一个定语从句。如：Who is the comrade standing by the door?They lived in a house facing south.The words, usually dealing with current work, were mostly written by himself.When she appeared, John, wearing a dirty and worn-out overcoat, ran to her with joy.5) v.-ing分词作状语：v.-ing分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。v.-ing分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可由连词when, while引出。While reading the book, he nodded from time to time.Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.比较：_ from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful.v.-ing分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。如：Not knowing his address, I cant send this book to him.Many of us, being so excited, couldnt go to sleep that night.v.-ing分词短语作结果状语。如：His father died, leaving him a lot of money.She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.v.-ing分词作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。如：They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky.Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.6) v.-ing分词作补语：v.-ing分词可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, look at, listen to, observe, have, get, leave, keep, set, catch, find等动词后面和一个名词或代词构成一个复合宾语，作宾语补语。如：I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car.Last night the shopkeeper caught a child stealing some food in the shop.上面这类句子也可变成被动语态，这时，v.-ing分词可看成是主语补语。如：We were kept waiting for quite a long time.Jily was never heard singing that song again.高考链接：1. In April, 2020, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A. marking B. marked C. having marked D. being marked2. At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and _ what to do about his future.A. living; wondering B. lived; wonderingC. lived; wondered D. living; wondered3. _ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given4. I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken5. With the governments aid, those _ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.A. affect B. affecting C. affected D. were affected6. Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold三、高考聚焦1. Try not to start every sentence with “the”. _ the beginnings of your sentences.A. Vary B. Decorate C. Form D. Describe2. The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.Dont worry. We have already _ two thirds of it.A. got down B. got through C. given in D. given away3. These books are too heavy for me to carry. _.A. You may ask for help B. Ill give you a handC. Ill do you a favor D. Id come to help4. Would you please _ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through5. I tried phoning her office, but I couldnt_.A. get along B. get on C. get to D. get through6. A notice was in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time.A. sent up B. given up C. set up D. put up7. Have you _?No. I had the wrong number.A. got in B. got away C. got off D. got through8. Sorry, I have to _ now. Its time for class.OK, Ill call back later.A. hang up B. break up C. give up D. hold up9. We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, _ in fact, there were 40.A. while B. whether C. what D. which10. The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest.A. since B. when C. as D. while11. _the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it.A. If B. While C. Because D. As12. Some people say more but do less _ others do the opposite.A. once B. while C. when D. as13. _ I do dislike this kind of people, I never speak ill of them.A. While B. Since C. As D. Unless答案：ABBDD DDAAD BBA一轮复习：Book Unit 1-2预习导学1. 背诵Unit12的单词、短语，重点预习以下知识点：1) engage2) observe3) present4) attention及其相关短语5）keep的宾补2. 预习重点句型：1）There did not seem much point in working on my PHD.2）It was the first time that I had written with real passion.【模拟试题】（答题时间：60 分钟）一、辨音1. breathe A. thick B. southern C mathematics D method2. ground. A. house B. country C. group D. cough*3. animal A. ache B. anything C. advance D. anxious4. success A. official B. excuse C. correct D. exciting*5. raise A. remain B. certain C. mountain D. bargain6. society A. achieve B. friend. C. science D. believe*7. compare A. company B. continue C. common D. concert二、单词拼写，注意适当形式。1. Body language _(多样) from country to country.2. In other country people greet each other with a firm _(握手).3. Making eye _(交流) is rude.4. A. theme park is a _(集中，收集) of rides, exhibitions or other attractions.5. The park is divided into two _(部门).三、单选1. What are you doing? Im _ the wood for firewood.A. cutting down B. cutting off C. cutting out D cutting up2. I wont go to see a film with you. It is cold outside, _, Im very tired.A. though B. besides C. beside D. however3. *The thief we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _whether he was in the right direction.A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see4. *Your tie looks smart, it_ with your shirt perfectly. Im glad you like it, thank you.A. goes B. matches to C. meets D. agrees5. Though he was badly hurt, the driver _ to get out of his car and _ help.A. managed, got B. tried, got C. manage, het D. tried, get6. I was on half way when it _ to me that my TV was on, so I had to go back.A. occurred B. hit C. happened D. reminded7. *The manager _ 30 dollars from my salary(薪水) without any good reason.A. cut off B. held up C. brought down D. held back8. He worked hard day and night and finally _ the examination.A. got through B. got over C. got into D. got in9. The mail was _ for two days because of the snowstorm.A. held out B. held off C. held up D. held down10. I didnt mean _ anything, but those apples looked so good that I couldnt help _ one.A. to eat, trying B. to eat, to try C. eating, trying D. eating, to try11. *He is looking forward as much to her return as she herself to _ him.A. see B. seeing C. have seen D. being seen12. Shes having a lot of trouble with the new computer but she doesnt know whom to _.A. turn to B. look for C. deal with D. talk about13. The school is located in a valley eight miles _ Beijing.A. east to B. to east of C. east of D. the east of14. *Some Olympic officials have come to China to see how Beijing _ for this years games.A. prepares B. will prepare C. is being prepared D. is prepared15. _ in a white uniform, my father looks more like a cook than a doctor.A. Dressed B. To wear C. Dressing D. Wearing四、完形It was the night before the composition was due. As I looked at the list of topics, “The Art of Eating Spaghetti” caught my eye. The word “spaghetti” brought back the _1_ of an evening at Uncle Allens in Belleville _2_ all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat _3_ spaghetti for supper. Spaghetti was an exotic(外来的)treat in _4_ days. Never had I eaten spaghetti, and _5_ of the grown-ups had enough experience to be _6_ it. What laughing _7_ we had about the _8_ respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth. _9_, I wanted to write about that, but I wanted to _10_ it down simply for my own _11_, not for Mr. Fleagle, my composition teacher. _12_, I would write something else.When I finished it the night was half gone and there was no _13_ left to write a proper composition for Mr. Fleagle. There was no choice next morning but to _14_ my work. Two days passed before Mr. Fleagle returned the _15_ papers. He said, “Now, class, I want to read you a composition, The Art of Eating Spaghetti.”My words! He was reading my words out _16_ to the whole class. _17_laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show _18_, but what I was feeling was pure happiness, _19_ my words had the power to make people _20_.1. A. memory B. thought C. knowledge D. experience2. A. when B. where C. since D. after3. A. cooked B. served C. got D. made4. A. their B. past C. last D. those5. A. none B. one C. some D. neither6. A. careful about B. good at C. fond of D. interested in7. A. speeches B. lessons C. sayings D. arguments8. A. nearly B. naturally C. officially D. socially9. A. Especially B. Probably C. Suddenly D. Fortunately10. A. settle B. put C. take D. let11. A. work B. story C. luck D. joy12. A. However B. Therefore C. As for him D. Expect for that13. A. time B. excuse C. way D. idea14. A. give up B. continue C. hand in D. delay15. A. written B. graded C. collected D. signed16. A. loud B. fast C. publicly D. calmly17. A. People B. Nobody C. Somebody D. I18. A. shock B. wonder C. worry D. pleasure19. A. if B. for C. while D. although20. A. excited B. satisfied C. think D. laugh五、阅读理解AIce climb in LondonThe huge ice skating area at Somerset House has been drawing crowds each winter for years, but last November an ice wall was added for the first time, bringing even more danger and excitement. Standing more than 26 feet high is a long line of pure ice, featuring three climbing faces of varying difficulty using crampons (防滑鞋), ice picks and ropes. Using it costs about 40 (020 78454600; .uk). It is open from late November to the end of January.Hang-gliding (悬挂式滑翔) in Rio De JaneiroAccording to the hang-gliders of Rio, once youve swooped (俯冲) over the citys streets, gazing at the Sugar Loaf, and the city of Niteroion, the other side of Guanabara Bay, you will understand why birds are peaceful animals. Accept the romantic idea on a 30-minute cycling flight from the 525-meter Pedra Bonita in the Sao Conrado mountain down to the Sao Conrado beach. It costs around 55.Contact Air Adventures (00 21 9843 9006; www.riohanggliding. com).Skywalk in SydneyThis experience takes having a look at a nice view to the whole other level, as you are suspended more than 850 feet (260 m) above street level, controlled to a glass viewing platform of Sydney Tower. Its the citys highest building. After a thorough briefing and being fitted with protective skysuits, skywalkers make their way along two-purpose-built walkways and platforms, which have transparent floor, while a guide points out landmarks. Night time skywalks are also available. It costs 46.Mountain boarding in LeedsRiders roll down hills and fly off jumps, doing tricks. A number of special mountainboard parks have opened around the country (see www. ). But the Leeds body of the Boarding Society practice at least twice a week in the city in locations that include Roundhay Park. Those with their own boards are welcomed to join them. Contact the society at . Alternatively, beginners can get lessons in Halifax at the Another World (01422 245196; www. mountain boarding.co.uk) mountainboard center for 8 an hour, with equipment.*1. The purpose of the above ads is to _.A. offer some ways to experience extreme sportsB. help readers have different excitement during their holidaysC. introduce the most exciting sports around the worldD. introduce the latest sports in the world2. Which of the following is open at night?A. Ice climb in London. B. Hang-gliding in Rio De Janeiro.C. Skywalk in Sydney. D. Mountainboarding in Leeds.3. What kind of feeling would you have if you went hang-gliding in Rio De Janeiro?A. Flying peacefully like a bird. B. Jumping quickly like a sportsman.C. Flying over the city like a pilot. D. Flying like a romantic actor.*4. You have never tried dangerous sport, then you can get on _ to find some training information.A. B. C. D. www.mountainboarding.co.ukBEver wonder why there are so many people polluting the earth? Ever say to yourself: Hey, I wish that I could do more to help the environment? Have you ever thought about trying to help out the earth but never really did it? Well, here are some p