陕西省渭南市富平县2020届高三英语上学期第一次摸底考试试题（通用）

陕西省渭南市富平县2020届高三英语上学期第一次摸底考试试题注意事项：1.本试卷共10页，全卷满分150分，答题时间为120分钟；2.答卷前，考生须准确填写自己的姓名、准考证号，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号；3.本试卷由选择题和非选择题两大部分组成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写，涂写要工整、清晰；4.考试结束，监考员将答题卡收回。第I卷(选择题 共100分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What are the speakers doing now?A. Climbing a hill. B. Operating a machine. C. Taking a rest.2. How does the man find camping in summer?A. Boring. B. Challenging. C. Pleasing.3. Why would David quit his job?A. To work for his friend. B. To start his own firm. C. To go back to school4. What was the man doing at the moment?A. He was reading a book. B. He was writing something. C. He was listening5. What is the weather like today?A. Its sunny. B. Its cloudy. C. Its rainy.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答6、7题。6. What will the woman do in 15 minutes?A. Attend a meeting. B. Go to the stadium. C. Give a concert.7. Who is probably the man?A. A music fan. B. A taxi driver. C. A traffic policeman.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What does the man do on weekends?A. Go climbing with his parents.B. Make long trips in another city.C. Make short trips with friends.9. What does the woman like best?A. Sailing and cycling. B. Swimming and sailing. C. Swimming and cycling.10. What does the man like to do in his spare time?A. Planting. B. Dancing. C. Reading.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11 .Why didnt the man go to meet the woman?A. He wasnt clear about the time.B. He forgot the appointment.C. He mistook the place.12. What time is it now?A. 7: 10. B. 7:00. C. 6:45.13. Where was the woman just now?A. At the apartment. B. At the theater. C. At the airport.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Boss and worker. B. Husband and wife. C. Close friends.15. What does the woman hate doing?A. Planning. B. Talking. C. Typing.16. Why does the woman like to work in a hotel?A. She can meet various people.B. She can easily get promoted.C. She can get higher pay.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What does the speaker talk about?A. How to study for pleasure. B. How to set study goals. C. How to study better.18. What is recommended to get fun from study?A. Playing guessing games.B. Studying with headphones on.C. Working out a problem in the given time.19. What may be one of the best ways to learn something?A. To apply it to practical cases.B. To review it frequently.C. To teach it to others.20. How does the speaker find group studying?A. Exciting. B. Rewarding. C. Demanding.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFemale Scientists Who Have Changed the WorldThere are still hundreds of relatively-unknown women who have changed the world with their research throughout history.Tiera GuinnThis 21-year-old scientist hasnt yet graduated from college，but Tiers Guinns already doing rocket science. The MIT(麻省理工学院)senior is helping build a rocket for the United States that could be one of the biggest and most powerful ever made. Shes an aerospace major with high credit points who also works as a Rocket Structural Design and Analysis Engineer for the Space Launch System that aerospace company Boeing is building for the US.Elizabeth BlackwellElizabeth Blackwell, who was born in Bristol，England in 1821, was the first woman to graduate from medical school in the United States, became an activist for poor America womens health, and went on to found a medical school for women in England.Jane GoodallThe most famous primate(灵长目)scientist in History, Jane Goodall was known for her work with chimps and as a champion of animal rights. And Goodall wasnt just working in a lab; she climbed trees and imitated the behavior of chimps in Tanzania to gain their trust and study them in their natural habitat.Rachel CarsonIn the 1960s,one environmental scientists voice rose above the rest to become central to American politics, culture, and foreign policy: Rachel Carsons. Her article, “Silent Spring,” warned of the dangers of pesticide(农药)and chemicals to humans, plants, and animals, and was a landmark in the nations environmental history.21. What is Tiera Guinns greatest achievement?A. She entered the best university of the world.B. She has been learning the newest rocket science.C. She has helped build a big and powerful rocket.D. She is a top student employed by a famous company.22. What is Elizabeth Blackwell famous for in history?A. She was the first woman with the advanced education.B. She was a pioneer of the womens health in the US and the UK.C. She founded the first womens school in the United Kingdom.D. She was the first woman to be accepted as an American citizen.23. Who made a great contribution to the animal-protection movement?A. Tiers Guinn. B. Elizabeth Blackwell. C. Rachel Carson. D. Jane Goodall.BI stood in a noisy group of sixth grade students, waiting for the answer to our burning question: What type of crazy tie would Mr. Miller be wearing today?Our teacher walked around the comer with a GREEN ELEPHANT TIE that matched his large elephant coffee cup! Oh, the satisfaction in our young hearts-a green elephant tie! With his glasses at the tip of his nose, he greeted us cheerfully，Good morning, folks!” He was strange and unique and he brightened every day for us. He was the most dynamic teacher I had ever met.I loved music, so I remember how excited I was when he said he was going to give us music lessons But when he turned on the music, my classmates and I slowly turned our heads toward the sound ofFeter Paul and Mary singing “If I Had a Hammer.Snickers(窃笑)filled the room. If it wasnt rap or hip hop, we didnt recognize it. What were these people singing about? My classmates were not into this at all. But for me, a girl of 12, it was a discovery. An awakening.Twenty years passed and now there are forty little eye, staring at my wild musical-note shirts as I greet them with a joyful, “Good morning, class!” I wonder if my student wait and wonder what crazy music clothes I will wear each day.I glance at my 2020 Teacher of the Year Award, which I received for being a dynamic teacher. And I smile to myself, wondering which child in front of me will carry this on-as Ive carried on the legacy(遗产)of Mr. Miller.One teacher, who dared to be different and open new worlds to kids like me, threw the significant stone into the pond of my life. I pray the ripples(涟漪)never end.24. What can we infer about Mr. Miller?A. He was an animal protector.B. He didnt take his work seriously.C. He often dressed up in an unusual way.D. He often asked his students burning questions.25. How did the author react to the song“If I Had a Hammer?A. Puzzled. B. Disappointed. C. Uninterested. D. Excited.26. What does the underlined word “this in the text refer to?A. A kind heart. B. The smile. C. A gift for music. D. The love for teaching.27. What is the authors purpose in writing this text?A. To prove her love for music.B. To show a teachers effect on her.C. To call on students to take up teaching.D. To share her experience in music learning.CExperts like to say the best form of exercise is whatever kind youll actually do. But that may not always be the case; new research finds that people who combine exercise with their social lives may be at an advantage over solitary(独自)exercisers. Tennis, badminton and soccer are all better for longevity(长寿)than cycling, swimming, jogging or gym exercise, according to the research.The study was based on data from about 8,500 adults who were part of the Copenhagen City Heart Study. They completed a health and lifestyle questionnaire, which included questions about type and frequency of physical activity, and were monitored by the researchers for around 25 years, a period during which about 4,500 of the subjects died.Tennis came out on top in the research. Compared with people sitting all day, those who reported playing tennis as their main form of exercise could expect to add 9.7 years to their life time, followed by badminton (6.2 years), soccer (4.7 years), cycling (3.7 years), swimming (3.4 years), Jogging(3.2 years).Tennis likely took the top spot because its very interactive, says study co-author Dr. James O Keefe, a physician at Saint Lukes Mid America Heart Institute. “At every point youre talking. Its just a very natural way to emotionally bond with people，besides getting your exercise.”But he adds that the study may not have been able to fully account for the fact that wealthier, better-educated people-who tend to be healthier to begin with-may be more likely to play tennis.Activities like running and weight lifting still extend your life and offer plenty of other health benefits. But for the best possible benefits, O Keefe says gym-goers may want to consider combining those workouts with activities that foster social connection.OKeefe，whose exercise typically includes running and weight lifting, says hes even changed his own behavior because of the study: he and his family have taken up badminton. “You cant play badminton without feeling like a kid again, he says. “Its just pure fun.”28. Which of the following is best for living a long life?A. Cycling. B. Badminton. C. Swimming. D. Gym exercise.29. How many people were still living at the end of the research?A. About 8,500. B. About 4,500. C. About 4,000. D. About 2,500.30. What matters most to the result of the research?A. Family life. B. Social connections.C. Frequency of exercise. D. Wealth and education.31. What does O Keefe do after the finding?A. He puts the theory into practice. B. He plays badminton just for fun.C. He feels like playing badminton with kids. D. He takes more exercise than before.DCalifornia has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor(因素).The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46,000 square miles of California forests，the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源).But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2020, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wild lands protected from woodcutting or development.The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt(融雪).Since the 1930s, McIntyre said，the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.32. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.B. The increasing variety of California big trees.C. The distribution of big trees in California forests.D. The influence of farming on big trees in California.33. Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?A. Ecological studies of forests. B. Banning woodcutting.C. Limiting housing development. D. Fire control measures.34. What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre?A. Inadequate snowmelt. B. A longer dry season.C. A warmer climate. D. Dampness of the air.35. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Californias Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?B. Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California SoonC. Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?D. Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Good speech skills are important for having an impact on your audience and getting your message across. Some speech skills in particular-like listening to your audience, using humor and keeping eye contactcan help a lot. 36Know what the needs of your audience are. 37 Completely understand your material, and then put it in a logical order. Make sure your speech keeps your audiences attention. 38 During the presentation, you will want to show your strengths. Dress appropriately, and make sure you look relaxed and calm. Speak at an appropriate speed, and show appropriate emotion. This can help you to build a good relationship with the audience.Remember your body language. 39 How you walk，move and stand all can be seen by your audience, and can help express your message. Thus, you should pay attention to your body language during the presentation.Speak as if you believe what you are saying. When you speak with confidence, your audience is much more likely to believe what you have to say. You should speak lou柳and clearly, and communicate with your audience directly. 40These presentation tips will help you make a good presentation.A. Know when to stop talking.B. Know your strong and weak points.C. Here are some other good speech skills.D. Try to make eye contact with several audience members.E. Body language is important, yet often isnt paid enough attention to.F. You should sound confident, and if you make an error, just apologize and move on.G. During the presentation, you can match your presentations content to those needs.第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。On Christmas Eve and Christmas day I found myself alone. I am 63 years old and had never been alone for any holiday, 41 not Christmas.I had created bags of 42 for homeless people days before with the idea of giving them out during the 43 weather we were experiencing. But, on Christmas Eve I ventured out to find folks who needed something to give them 44 for their lives. My zip lock plastic bags contained protein bars, toothbrushes and 45 with a Christmas card which read“No matter how 46 things get, remember that somebody loves you.”I saw a(n) 47 woman walking pushing a shopping cart. She looked tidy, but she had a dog in the basket and bags of stuff, too. I gave her a 48 bag and asked her if she had a place to stay tonight. She said that 49 she did not. She stated she had stayed the night before at a Motel 6, but that morning her 50 could not walk so she called 911 and he was taken away. She said that the 51 where her husband had retired as minister was helping but it had run out of 52 .I called the hospital to find out how her husband was, since she had no phone. He was being 53 for an infection and was OK. I went to the Motel 6 and asked what was the 54 they could give her a room for. The answer was $64. I paid for a room for her and told her I would 55 for her and her husband and for his health. She expressed her 56 to me over and over when I left.I was so glad to have 57 her on the street. I drove to another larger city after that and was 58 to find that many young people were 59 there. They all needed our 60 and our hope.41. A. possibly B. especially C. naturally D. certainly42. A. candies B. flowers C. cards D. necessities43. A. warmB. freezingC. coolD. damp44. A. directionB. faithC. courageD. hope45. A. anythingB. nothingC. everythingD. something46. A. dangerousB. roughC. toughD. complex47. A. elderlyB. youngC. energeticD. lovely48. A. luggageB. foodC. bookD. gift49. A. actuallyB. probablyC. anxiouslyD. obviously50. A. sonB. husbandC. colleagueD. host51. A. schoolB. bankC. hospitalD. church52. A. foodB. debtsC. fundsD. trouble53. A. curedB. observedC. examinedD. treated54. A. cheapestB. largestC. brightest D. cleanest55. A. waitB. prayC. call D. arrange56. A. thanksB. regretsC. worries D. reliefs57. A. got overB. looked afterC. run into D. turned to58. A. excitedB. shockedC. annoyed D. delighted59. A. joblessB. carelessC. homeless D. aimless60. A. helpB. understandingC. concentration D. patience第II卷(非选择题 共50分)第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Students at a primary school in Hangzhou had their first class 61. March 1st about movable type. This is 62. ancient Chinese printing system.The West Lake Primary School