高中英语语法 时态 高考动词时态解题指导

高考动词时态解题指导一 根据时间状语，副词直接判断1. The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields. (NMET92)A had seen; was picking B saw; pickedC had seen; picked D saw; was picking分析：选D。根据the last time（这里也作从属连词）分析，从句谓语动词应用一般过去时saw，主句谓语表示当时正在进行的动作“正在摘棉花”，所以用过去进行时。2. When Jack arrived, he learned Mary _ for almost an hour. (NMET92)A had gone B had set off C had left D had been away分析：选D。go，set off，leave为非延续性动词，不能与for，since引导的时间状语连用，另外空格所需动词动作发生在learned之前，故应用过去完成时。3. The volleyball match will be put off if it _.(NMET91)A will rain B rains C rained D is raining分析：选B。if引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来的时间，主句用一般将来时或“情态动词+动词原形”的谓语形式。4. Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger. (NMET91)A make B is making C was making D makes分析：选C。主句用过去进行时表示背景，when从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时表示意外之事。又如：He was crossing the street when he was hitby a car.5. -Can I join your club, Dad?-You can when you _a bit older. (NMET94)A get B will get C are getting D will have got分析：选A。when，before，after等词引导的时间状语从句常用一般现在时表将来，主句用一般将来时或can，may，must等情态动词+动词原形的谓语形式，这里you can后省略了join the club。6. I need one more stamp before my collection _.( NMET94)A has completed B completed C has been completed D is completed分析：选D。before引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，由于从句主语是物my collection，所以要用一般现在时被动语态形式。7. As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. ( NMET95)A read; was falling B was reading; fellC was reading; was falling D read; fell分析：选B。as引导的从句用过去进行时表示时间较长的“背景”，“奶奶正在看报时”，主句是时间较短的事情“睡着”，用一般过去时。8. -How long _each other before they _ married?-For about a year. ( NMET93)A have they known; get B did they know; were going to getC do they know; are going to get D had they known; got分析：选D。before引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来，因此不能选A。how long一般用于完成时态，所以此题before引导的从句用过去时，主句表示“过去的过去”，用过去完成时。9. -Do you know our town at all?-No, this is the first time I _ here. (NMET92)A was B have been C came D am coming分析：选B。从句意“第一次到这里”分析，它不表示动作而应表示现在的状态，要用现在完成时have been。10. I dont really work here; I _until the new secretary arrives. (NMET94)A just help out B have just helped outC am just helping out D will just help out分析：选C。副词just与延续性动词连用，用进行时表示“正在”做某事。此句意为“我不是真的在这里工作”，我只是“一段时间在这里帮忙”。二 从上下文获取“信息”，解语境时态题1. -Nancy is not coming tonight.-But she _! (NMET98)A promises B promised C will promise D had promised分析：选B。C项应该排除，因为上文Nancy表示“今晚不来”，不可能再“将答应”。D项过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，而上下文没有这个背景，所以不妥当。A项表示现在经常的行为动作，而对参加今晚活动只须答应一次。只有B项正确，用一般过去时表示震惊：“她曾答应过”，怎么反悔改变了？2. Shirley _ a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it. (NMET98)A has written B wrote C had written D was writing分析：选D。不能因时间状语last year就选B，因为下文I dont know whethershe has finished it表明她不一定写完，只能说她去年“在写”一本关于中国的书。不同语境中的同一时间状语可能对应不同时态，本题last year是这样，下面句子中for 5 years也是这样：Mrs. Smith has lived in Paris for5 years.（用于现在完成时）/ Mrs. Smith had lived in Paris for 5 yearsbefore she went to New York. (用于过去完成时)3. -Who is Jerry Cooper?-_? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting. (NMET97)A Dont you meet him yet B Hadnt you met him yetC Didnt you meet him yet D Havent you met him yet分析：选D。从下文“我看见你同他握手”，到现在为止见面这个行为应用现在完成时，采取否定问句时为了表示惊讶，怀疑；“怎么你还没有同他见面啊？”“我看见你在会上同他握手的。”4. -Hey , look where you are going!-Oh, Im terribly sorry. _. (NMET99)A Im not noticing B I wasnt noticingC I havent noticed D I dont notice分析：选B。上文对方说“看你往那里走”，经过这一提醒，听话人才发现走错路了，原因时在这之前一直未留心。表示过去一段时间一直持续的动作，应用过去进行时。5. The price _, but I doubt whether it will remain so. (NMET99)A went down B will go down C has gone down D was going down分析：选C。从下文whether it （the price）will remain so“价格是否将保持这样”判断，价格，“已经降了下来”，应用现在完成时。6. Helen _ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _home. ( NMET96)A has left; comes B left; had comeC had left; came D had left; would come分析：选C。从下文so she had to wait判断Helen把钥匙丢在办公室里是在这之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，“等她丈夫回来”应是过去将来时，until引导的从句用一般过去时表过去。7. -Can I help you, sir?-Yes, I bought this radio here yesterday, but it _. (NMET96)A didnt work B wont work C cant work D doesnt work分析：选D。从上文Can I help you？可知这是售货员与顾客之间的对话。顾客反映昨天买了一台收音机，但坏了，要求调换或退货，原因当然“现在”它不响了，所以A，B不合题意。C项不合常理，本身讲不通。8. I dont think Jim saw me; he _ into space. (NMET95)A just stared B was just staring C has just stared D had just stared分析：选B。上文saw提供了一个过去的语境，副词just与延续性动词连用，用进行时表示“正在”做某事：他当时没有看见我，他“正在”凝视天空。9. -Alice, why didnt you come yesterday?-I _, but I had an unexpected visitor. (NMET97)A had B would C was going to D did分析：选C。对方问Alice“昨天”为什么不来，Alice说家里来了一个不速之客，“本来打算来”，应用过去将来时，“be going to + 动词原形”表示打算，准备做某事，符合题意。Was going to后省略了yourhome（party）之类的词语。10. -Is this raincoat yours?-No, mine _ there behind the door. (NMET97)A is hanging B has hung C hangs D hung分析：选A。应话人用no一词已表明这件雨衣不是他的，他的雨衣“正挂在”门背后，故应用现在进行时。三 巩固练习：1. When I got to the cinema, the film _ for ten minutes.A has begun B had begun C had been on D was2. She is going to be a nurse when she _ up.A is going to grow B grows C growing D grew3. Come in, Peter, I want to show you something.-Oh, how nice of you! I _you _ to bring me a gift.A never think; are going B never thought; were goingC didnt think; were going D hadnt thought; were going4. When I was at college I _three foreign languages, but I _all exceptfor a few words of each.A spoke; had forgotten B spoke; have forgottenC had spoken; had forgotten D had spoken; have forgotten5. -Have you moved into the new house?-Not yet, the rooms_.A are being painted B are paintingC are painted D are being painting6. We havent heard from Jane for a long time.-What do you suppose _ to her?A was happening B to happen C has happened D having happened7. We could have walked to the station. It was so near.-Yes, a taxi _ at all necessary.A wasnt B hadnt been C wouldnt be D wont be8. Tom _ into the house when no one _.A slipped; was looking B had slipped; lookedC slipped; had looked D was slipping; looked9. The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields.A had seen; was picking B saw; pickedC had seen; picked D saw; was picking10. The pen I _I _ is on my desk, right under my nose.A think; lost B thought; had lost C think; had lost D thought; have lost11. How long _ each other before they _ married?-For about a year.A have they known; get B did they know; were going to getC do they know; are goin