高三英语第一轮复习：动词的时态（一）冀教版知识精讲

高三英语第一轮复习：动词的时态（一）冀教版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：语法专项复习动词的时态（一）现在时态谈论现在的状况或动作一般用现在时态。现在时态包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时和现在完成进行时等。I. 一般现在时1、表示客观事实或普通真理.（不受时态限制）The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.地理老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东方。The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。2、表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态,常和often, always, usually, sometimes, everyday, once a week 等表示频率的时间状语连用.He takes a walk after supper every day. 他每天晚饭后散步。My mother works at the same company as my father.我母亲和父亲在同一家公司工作。We always care for each other and help each other. 我们总是相互关心相互帮助。3、表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。Mr. Smith hates fish and never eats any. 史密斯先生讨厌鱼而且从来不吃。Mary speaks both English and French very well. 玛丽英语和法语都说得很好。4、表示安排或计划好的肯定会出现的动作或状态。The plane takes off at 10:00 a.m. 飞机上午10点起飞。Tomorrow is Wednesday. 明天是星期三。5、在时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来的动作。We will have to put off the sports meeting if it rains tomorrow.如果明天下雨我们将不得不推迟会议。I cant leave unless my boss agrees. 除非老板同意，否则我不能走。When you see her, just tell her that I am all right. 当你见到她，告诉她我很好。Notes: if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall 或will 表示意愿，但不表示时态。If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你能接受我的邀请来参加我们的聚会，我的家人会很高兴的。II. 现在进行时1、表示说话时正在进行的动作。what are you doing?I am writing a letter.Its raining heavily now, so we must stay inside.2、表示现阶段一直在进行的动作。Jane is studying law while her sister is doing physics.简在学习法律而她的姐姐在学习物理。He is teaching English and learning Chinese. 他正在一边教英语一边学中文。3、表示按计划近期内即将发生的动作。I am meeting Mr. Wang tonight. 我今晚要去见王先生。I am going to Qingdao for the summer holiday this year. 我计划今年去青岛过暑假。The plane is leaving for London soon. 飞机即将飞往伦敦。4、与always，often 等频度副词连用表示经常反复的行为或某种感情色彩。The girl is always talking loud in public. 那个女孩总爱当众大声喧哗。She is often borrowing money and forgetting to pay me back. 她经常借钱却忘记还我。She is constantly complaining about her fate. 她不停地抱怨自己的命运不好。Notes: 以下四类动词不宜用现在进行时。A 表示心理状态、情感的动词like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, needB 表示存在状态的动词appear, exist, lie, remain, seem, belong to, depend onC 表示瞬间动作的动词allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, completeD 表示感官的动词see, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, lookIII. 现在完成时1、表示反复发生的经历He has hosted the show eight times. 他已经连续八次主持表演。Billy Crystal has been in many films and television shows.贝利克里斯托已经出演过多部电影和电视剧。We have been to the Great Wall many times. 我们已去过长城多次。2、表示动作发生在过去，但对现在仍留下某种后果和影响。He has paid his income tax. 他已经交了个人所得税。Doctors have found that people who laugh a lot live longer!医生们已经发现经常大笑的人长寿。3、表示动作发生在过去但持续到现在。My mother has been ill for three days. 我妈妈已经生病3天。Most of us have studied English for 5 years. 我们大部分人已经学了5年英语了。4、下列句型中常用现在完成时。It is（has been）+一段时间 since +从句This（That/ It）is the first（second）time that + 完成时This（That/ It）is the best/ finest / most interesting.+that+完成时Its/ It has been 3 years since they got married. 他们结婚已有3年了。Its the first time that I have been to the Great Wall. 这是我第一次到长城。This is the most interesting film that I have seen. 这是我看过的最有趣的电影。Notes: 在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替一般将来时。If you have done the experiment, youll understand the theory better. 如果你做完这实验，你会更好地理解这个理论的。Dont get off the bus until it has stopped. 车停稳之前，别忙着下车。Notes: 注意区分一般过去时与现在完成时（1）时间上有差异：凡有具体的过去时间，均用过去时态，不能用完成时，如：ago, last year, just now, the other day 等。（2）结果上有差异：现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续；一般过去时强调的动作发生在过去，和现在没有关系。IV. 现在完成进行时表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作，这个动作可能刚刚结束，也可能还要继续下去。Chinese have been making paper for more than 2000 years.中国造纸的历史已有2000多年了。She has been working in Shenzhen since 1995. 她从1995年就来深圳工作了。Doctors have been researching that question for many years.多年来，医生们一直在研究这个问题。The children have been watching TV all morning. 孩子们一上午一直在看电视。She has been waiting for her boss for almost an hour.她等她的老板等了将近一个小时。【典型例题】1. The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow.A. dont rain B. doesnt rain C. wont rain2. There _ an English film next week.A. will have B. is going to haveC. is going to be D. was going to be3. The picture _ nice.A. looks B. is looked C. look D. is looking4. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _ back next week.A. will come B. came C. would come D. come5. Dont smoke until the plane _ off.A. takes B. took C. was taken D. is take6. John is always _ others.A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help【模拟试题】1. How can you possibly miss the news? It _ on TV all day long.（2020北京春）A. has been B. had been C. was D. will be2. I arrived late; I _ the road to be so icy.（2020北京春）A. wouldnt expect B. havent expectedC. hadnt expected D. wasnt expecting3. Although he has lived with us for years, he _ us much impression. （2020上海春）A. hadnt left B. didnt leave C. doesnt leave D. hasnt left4. Sorry, Joe. I didnt mean to.Dont call me “Joe”. Im Mr. Parker to you, and _ you forget it! （2020全国）A. do B. didntC. did D. dont5. All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness _A has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown6. Why dont you put the meat in the fridge? It will _ fresh for several days.A be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed7. _ David and Vicky _ married? （2020北京）For about three years.A. How long were; being B. How long have; gotC. How long have; been D. How long did; get8. Come and see me whenever_. （2020北京）A. you are convenient B. you will be convenientC. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you9. When will you come to see me, Dad?I will go to see you when you _ the training course. （2020北京）A will have finished B. will finishC. are finishingD. finish10. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet. （2020北京春）A. are not decided B. have not been decidedC. is not being decided D. has not been decided11. I wonder why Jenny _ us recently. We should have heard from her by now.A hasnt written B. doesnt writeC. wont writeD. hadnt write12. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _ from the university next year.（2002上海）A. will graduate B. will have graduatedC. graduates D. is to graduate13. Will you go skiing with me this winter vacation?It _. （2020上海）A. all depend B. all dependsC. is all depended D. is all depending14. John and I _ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _ each other a couple of times before that.A. had been; have seen B. have been; have seenC. had been; had seen D. have been; had seen15. How are the team playing?Theyre playing well, but one of them _ hurt. （2002北京春）A. got B. gets C. are being cut D. had been cut16. Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappe