2020学年高中英语 Unit 21 Human Biology测评（含解析）北师大版选修7

Unit 21 Human Biology 测评(总分:150分时间:120分钟)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。M:I love that shirt.W:It wasnt very expensive either.M:Thats amazing!It sure looks expensive.1.What did the man think of the shirt?A.Amazing.B.Expensive.C.Ugly.答案：BM:Mary,we need five pounds of white paper,and what else did I say?W:Two boxes of pencils.M:Thats right.W:All right,Mr.Jones.Do you think well need anything else?2.Where will the woman probably go?A.To the classroom.B.To the library.C.To the store.答案：CM:You havent seen my gym bag,have you?W:Have you checked back in the classroom?I didnt see you with it in the hall when you came out.3.Where does the woman think the man might have left his bag?A.In the hall.B.In the classroom.C.In the gym.答案：BW:Peter,Im awfully sorry to hear that your mother was seriously ill.M:Dont worry so much,Granny.She is much better now.4.How does Peter feel about his mother?A.He feels awfully sorry.B.He feels quite worried.C.He feels quite relieved.答案：CM:Would you mind if I borrowed your car?W:Well,when exactly?M:Until Monday or Tuesday of next week.W:Im sorry,but thats just not possible.I will drive to the countryside next week.5.Why wont the woman lend her car to the man?A.Her car is in the countryside.B.Her car wont be available.C.Her car is broken.答案：B第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。W:Can I help you?M:Ah,yes.Hmm,how much is this chair?W:Its $20.M:Could you give me a discount?W:A discount?Well,it depends on the size of the order.If you buy 50 units,Ill give you a 5% discount;if you buy 100 units or more,Ill give you a 10% discount.M:Sounds good.OK,Ill take 100.6.Which is the deciding factor of the discount?A.Order size.B.Payment means.C.Product types.答案：A7.What discount will the man get?A.5%.B.10%.C.50%.答案：B听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。W:You seem a little unhappy.Whats up?M:Nothing.Ive just been feeling bored recently.W:Are you in any clubs at school?M:Yes,Im in the Science Club,but,you know its not very interesting.W:I heard that the Drama Club is a lot of fun.M:There are many students interested in this club.Whats so nice about it?W:It is a great challenge to be another person on the stage.And if you get a chance to act in a drama,you will be a star on campus.M:Wow,you will be a big shot sooner or later if you join the Drama Club.W:Stop making fun of me.You are taller and smarter than I am.There will be more chances for you to become a campus drama star.M:Thank you.Maybe I should join.8.What does the woman think of the Drama Club?A.Not very interesting.B.Attractive.C.Too hard.答案：B9.What may happen to you if you act in a drama?A.You may be recognized easily on campus.B.You will have more chances to meet drama stars.C.You may become another person in life.答案：A听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。M:Hey,Claire.I lost my cellphone again.W:What?But you just lost one last week.M:I know.Thats why I said again.W:What happened?M:It all began because I wanted to quit smoking.W:Quit smoking?You did the right thing.But what happened to your cellphone?M:On my way to school,Id always buy cigarettes.So this morning,I decided to take another route.Its a little farther,but there are no stores that sell cigarettes on the way.W:Then?M:Then I bumped into a girl.W:A girl?M:Yeah.I bumped into her and we both fell down.I said sorry.I guess my cellphone wanted to say sorry too.So it slipped out of my pocket without telling me.Then I headed to school and when I wanted to make a phone call,I found that my cellphone was not there.W:So you went back for it?M:I did.But it was gone.10.Why did the man take the farther route this morning?A.To avoid buying cigarettes.B.To make a call.C.To meet a girl.答案：A11.Why did he fall down?A.He bumped into a tree.B.The road was rough.C.He ran into another person.答案：C12.Why did he go back?A.To find his cellphone.B.To buy some cigarettes.C.To go to school.答案：A听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。M:Hello and welcome to todays Career Tomorrow.Today we are going to look at another kind of job doctors.We have with us Dr.Cassie Brown,who is a doctor at the Royal London Hospital.Hello,Cassie,how did you first become interested in medicine?W:Well,I had a friend whose mother was a doctor,and I thought her job might be interesting.M:So how did you find out more about the job?W:Well,I became a volunteer in a hospital and worked for a doctor.M:Now thats better than reading about it!W:Yes,it was.I soon realized that this career was the right one for me.M:So what did you need to study at university?W:I studied Healing Science,and then I received a masters degree.M:How long did it take you to become a qualified doctor?W:Once I had finished my degree,I had to work for one year before I became qualified,so,it took me five years.M:How many hours do you work every day?W:Well,I dont work from dawn to dusk like some people.Its normal hoursnine to five.M:What do you like most about your job?W:Its never boring.In fact,I feel sorry when I have to have a day off!M:It sounds like the perfect job!Thanks for speaking with us,Cassie.13.What is the mans job?A.A host.B.A doctor.C.A teacher.答案：A14.Who used to be a doctor?A.Cassies friend.B.The mother of Cassies friend.C.Cassies mother.答案：B15.How long did it take Cassie to become a qualified doctor?A.One year.B.Four years.C.Five years.答案：C16.How does Cassie like her job?A.She enjoys it.B.She thinks its boring.C.She thinks its poorly paid.答案：A听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。Thousands of Brisbane residents have been forced to leave their homes,as the city is being hit by its worst flooding in more than a century.Queensland floods have claimed at least 10 lives in the last two days and left more than 70 people missing on Tuesday.As the winding Brisbane River broke its banks in several places and heavy rain continued to fall on the urban area,people rushed to get to higher ground.Early estimates suggested that more than 9,000 homes could be under water when the Brisbane River rises to 12 feet on Thursday.On Wednesday,power will be cut in the city centre for safety reasons,leaving more than five thousand homes without electricity.Brisbane is Australias third largest city and is home to about two million people.About 300 people were being airlifted out of Brisbane.The severe flooding comes after almost one month of rain across Queensland.It now covers an area the size of France and Germany combined and could cost more than $10 billion.17.How many people were missing on Tuesday?A.At least 10.B.Over 17.C.Over 70.答案：C18.When might the Brisbane River rise to 12 feet?A.On Tuesday.B.On Thursday.C.On Saturday.答案：B19.Why will there be no power on Wednesday?A.It will be cut for safety reasons.B.The power lines will be under water.C.Heavier storms will damage the lines completely.答案：A20.Where has the flood struck?A.France.B.Germany.C.Australia.答案：C第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)A导学号39504047Would it surprise you to learn that,like animals,trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined.Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest,Simard shows just how wrong he was.In fact,the opposite is true:trees survive through their co-operation and support,passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”.Nitrogen(氮) and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi(真菌) networks,making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy.This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons(神经元) in our brains,and when one tree is destroyed,it affects all.Simard talks about “mother trees”,usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend.She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation,transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow.When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” or the networks on which they feed,we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.“We didnt take any notice of it,” Simard says sadly.“Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying,but we never give them chance.” If we could put across the message to the forestry industry,we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.21.The underlined sentence “the opposite is true” in Paragraph 2 probably means that trees .A.compete for survivalB.protect their own wealthC.depend on each otherD.provide support for dying trees答案：C解析：文中第二段提到“CharlesDarwinthoughtthattreesarecompetingforsurvivalofthefittest(达尔文的适者生存)”,而UBCProfessorSimard却认为“正好相反”,下文接着论述树木是如何相互依赖以达到生存目的的。故选C项。22.“Mother trees” are extremely important because they .A.look the largest in size in the forestB.pass on nutrition to young treesC.seem more likely to be cut down by humansD.know more about the complex “tree societies”答案：B解析：根据文章第四段中的“Simardtalksaboutmothertrees,usuallythelargestandoldestplantsonwhichallothertreesdepend.”可知,mothertrees是其他树木的依靠,下文接着提到“.howdyingtreespassonthewealthtothenextgeneration,transportingimportantmineralstoyoungtreessotheymaycontinuetogrow.”故B项“给幼树提供营养”正确。23.The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to .A.how “tree societies” workB.how trees grow oldC.how forestry industry developsD.how young trees survive答案：A解析：最后一段首句是对上面一个段落中提到的mothertrees如何传递营养给幼树的一个解释和说明,是承接上段的内容,故it指的是“树木家族如何运转、传递营养”这一内容。24.What would be the best title for the passage?A.Old Trees Communicate Like HumansB.Young Trees Are in Need of ProtectionC.Trees Are More Awesome Than You ThinkD.Trees Contribute to Our Society答案：C解析：本文主要讲述how“treesocieties”work这一新发现。故C项正确。B导学号39504048Women are friendly.But men are more competitive.Why?Researchers have found its all down to the hormone oxytocin(荷尔蒙催生素).Although known as the love hormone,it affects the sexes differently.“Women tend to be social in their behavior.They often share with others.But men tend to be competitive.They are trying to improve their social status,” said Professor Ryan.Generally,people believe that the hormone oxytocin is let out in our body in various social situations and our body creates a large amount of it during positive social interactions(互动) such as falling in love or giving birth.But in a previous experiment Professor Ryan found that the hormone is also let out in our body during negative social interactions such as envy.Further researches showed that in men the hormone oxytocin improves the ability to recognize competitive relationships,but in women it raises the ability to recognize friendship.Professor Ryans recent experiment used 62 men and women aged 20 to 37.Half of the participants(参与者) received oxytocin.The other half received placebo(安慰剂).After a week,the two groups switched with participants.They went through the same procedure with the other material.Following each treatment,they were shown some video pictures with different social interactions.Then they were asked to analyze the relationships by answering some questions.The questions were about telling friendship from competition.And their answers should be based on gestures,body language and facial expressions.The results indicated that,after treatment with oxytocin,mens ability to correctly recognize competitive relationships improved,but in women it was the ability to correctly recognize friendship that got better.Professor Ryan thus concluded:“Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise peoples abilities to better distinguish different social interactions.And the behavior differences between men and women are caused by biological factors(因素) that are mainly hormonal.”25.What causes men and women to behave differently according to the text?A.Placebo.B.Oxytocin.C.The gesture.D.The social status.答案：B解析：根据第一段中的“Researchershavefounditsalldowntothehormoneoxytocin.”可知。女性友好,但男性好斗。为什么呢?研究人员发现,这都归功于荷尔蒙催生素。所以是荷尔蒙催生素对不同性别的人影响也不同。26.What can we learn from Professor Ryans previous experiment?A.Oxytocin affects our behavior in a different way.B.Our body lets out oxytocin when we are deep in love.C.Our body produces oxytocin when we feel unhappy about others success.D.Oxytocin improves our abilities to understand peoples behavior differences.答案：C解析：根据第四段可知,在Ryan教授以前的实验中发现,在诸如嫉妒的负面社会交往中荷尔蒙也在我们身体中释放。wefeelunhappyaboutotherssuccess就是嫉妒,故答案为C项。27.The author develops the text by .A.explaining peoples behaviorsB.describing his own experiencesC.distinguishing sexual differencesD.discussing research experiments答案：D解析：文章主要叙述了以前的实验发现和最近的实验发现,由此可判断出本文是通过讨论研究性实验的方式组织文章的。C导学号39504049StoreScent(香味)What is the first thing you notice when you walk into a shop?The products displayed(展示) at the entrance?Or the soft background music?But have you ever noticed the smell?Unless it is bad,the answer is likely to be no.But while a shops scent may not be outstanding compared with sights and sounds,it is certainly there.And it is proving to be an increasingly powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase.A brand store has become famous for its distinctive scent which floats through the fairly dark hall and out to the entrance,via scent machines.A smell may be attractive but it may not just be used for freshening air.One sports goods company once reported that when it first introduced scent into its stores,customers intention to purchase increased by 80 percent.When it comes to the best shopping streets in Paris,scent is just as important to a brands success as the quality of its window displays and goods on sale.That is mainly because shopping is a very different experience to what it used to be.Some years ago,the focus for brand name shopping was on a few people with sales assistants disproving attitude and dont-touch-what-you-cant-afford displays.Now the rise of electronic commerce(e-commerce) has opened up famous brands to a wider audience.But while e-shops can use sights and sounds,only bricks-and-mortar stores(实体店) can offer a full experience from the minute customers step through the door to the moment they leave.Another brand store seeks to be much more than a shop,but rather a destination.And scent is just one way to achieve this.Now,a famous store uses complex man-made smell to make sure that the soft scent of baby powder floats through the kid department,and coconut(椰子) scent in the swimsuit section.A department store has even opened a new lab,inviting customers on a journey into the stores windows to smell books,pots and drawers,in search of their perfect scent.28.According to the passage,what is an increasingly powerful tool in the success of some brand stores?A.Friendly assistants.B.Unique scents.C.Soft background music.D.Attractive window display.答案：B解析：根据文章第二段的“Buthaveyouevernoticedthesmell?”“Anditisprovingtobeanincreasinglypowerfultoolinencouragingpeopletopurchase.”可知这个工具是独特的味道。29.E-shops are mentioned in the passage to .A.show the advantages of bricks-and-mortar storesB.urge shop assistants to change their attitudeC.push stores to use sights and soundsD.introduce the rise of e-commerce答案：A解析：根据文章第五段的“Butwhilee-shopscanusesightsandsounds,onlybricks-and-mortarstorescanofferafullexperiencefromtheminutecustomersstepthroughthedoortothemomenttheyleave.”可知e-shops被提到的目的是对比出实体店的优势,故选A项。30.The underlined word “destination” in Paragraph 5 means .A.a platform that exhibits goodsB.a spot where travelers like to stayC.a place where customers love to goD.a target that a store expects to meet答案：C解析：本段说的都是对顾客的吸引,实体店为了吸引顾客,把实体店打造成不只是实体店,而是顾客喜欢去的地方。故只有C项正确。31.The main purpose of the passage is to .A.compare and evaluateB.examine and assessC.argue and discussD.inform and explain答案：D解析：文章通过一系列问句开头,在第二段中的“Anditisprovingtobeanincreasinglypowerfultoolinencouragingpeopletopurchase.”告知事实,同时后文对这一现象做出了解释。故选D项。D导学号39504050A new study shows students who write notes by hand during lectures perform better on exams than those who use laptops(笔记本电脑).Students are increasingly using laptops for note-taking because of speed and legibility(清晰度).But the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the concepts they have been taught.Researchers performed experiments that aimed to find out whether using a laptop increased the tendency to make notes “mindlessly” by taking down word for word what the professors said.In the first experiment,students were given either a laptop or pen and paper.They listened to the same lectures and were told to use their usual note-taking skills.Thirty minutes after the talk,they were examined on their ability to remember facts and on how well they understood concepts.The researchers found that laptop users took twice as many notes as those who wrote by hand.However,the typists performed worse at remembering and applying the concepts.Both groups scored similarly when it came to memorizing facts.The researchers report said,“While more notes are beneficial,if the notes are taken mindlessly,as is more likely the case on a laptop,the benefit disappears.”In another experiment aimed at testing long-term memory,students took notes as before but were tested a week after the lecture.This time,the students who wrote notes by ha