山西省平遥中学2020学年高二英语下学期期中试题（含解析）

平遥中学2020学年度第二学期高二期中考试英语试题试卷满分:150分 考试时间:100分第一部分 阅读理解：（共两节，满分60分）第一节：(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文。从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHow do young children learn to have good values? How can parents teach their children about the importance of kindness and patience? At a time more and more parents worry about the violent images (暴力形象) their children see on TV and on the Internet. So many parents are turning to fairy tales. They want to teach their children how to behave in society by this way.It is believed that fairy tales have a great influence on children because they describe the two sides of good and evil (邪恶) very clearly. When children hear the tales, they learn to care about others feelings. In each tale, they can see that there are many different kinds of people in the world and that we all have a choice about what kind of person we want to be. We can choose to do good actions, rather than bad ones, in our lives.What kind of values can children learn from fairy tales? In The Princess and the Pea, a poorly dressed girl says she is a princess. Few people believe her, so she is given a difficult test. When she passes the test, we learn that her dream comes true because she stays true to herself. In the Little Mermaid (小美人鱼), the mermaid, who lives under the sea, wishes to be with the humans on land. Through her experiences, we learn about the importance of living with and accepting other cultures.Teaching values is probably the main reason for encouraging children to read fairy tales. These tales can teach children lessons about human relationships that have been accepted around the world for many centuries. This might be the reason why they have been around for so long and will not disappear any time soon.1. Why do fairy tales have a great influence on children?A. Because fairy tales can teach them how to make a choice.B. Because fairy tales can help them get higher scores at school.C. Because they can learn how to avoid most difficulties in their lives.D. Because good and evil are shown in a way they can easily understand.2. Mermaid may be helpful when children _.A. are given a difficult testB. make friends with foreignersC. wish to be a princess or princeD. are going to lie to their parents3. The author writes the text mainly to _.A. introduce some fairy talesB. talk about the history of fairy talesC. discuss how to improve human relationshipsD. show how fairy tales help children shape values【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了童话故事对孩子们有重要的影响，它们可以帮助塑造孩子的价值观。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is believed that fairy tales have a great influence on children because they describe the two sides of good and evil (邪恶) very clearly.”可知，童话故事对孩子有很大的影响是因为它们清楚地描述了善和恶，也就是说童话故事能够以一种容易理解的方式体现善和恶，故D项正确。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Through her experiences, we learn about the importance of living with and accepting other cultures.”可知，通过美人鱼的经历，我们能够了解到与其他文化共存和接受其他文化的重要性，由此可知，美人鱼会在孩子们与外国人交朋友方面有所帮助，故B项正确。【3题详解】主旨大意题。文章开篇就提到了如何让孩子们拥有良好的价值观，紧接着说孩子们通过读童话故事学习价值观，再结合最后一段中的“Teaching values is probably the main reason for encouraging children to read fairy tales. These tales can teach children lessons about human relationships”可知，教给孩子们价值观可能是鼓励孩子们读童话故事的主要原因，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是展示童话故事是如何塑造孩子们的价值观的，故D项正确。【点睛】主旨大意题的难度较大，抓住文章主题是关键，例如本篇第3题，文章开篇就提到了如何让孩子学会拥有良好的价值观，下文介绍了很多家长让孩子们通过读童话故事来学习价值观，最后又说教给孩子们价值观可能是鼓励孩子读童话故事的主要原因，全文都是围绕童话故事和价值观展开的，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是展示童话故事是如何塑造孩子们的价值观的。BIf cars had wings, they could fly and that just might happen, beginning in 2020.The company Terrafugia, based in Woburn, Massachusetts, says it plans to deliver its carplane, the Transition, to customers by the end of 2020.“Its the next wow vehicle, ”said Terrafugia vice president Richard Gersh. “Anybody can buy a Ferrari, but as we say, Ferraris dont fly.”The car plane has wings that unfold for flyinga process the company says takes one minuteand fold back up for driving. A runway is still required to take off and land.The Transition is being marketed more as a plane that drives than a car that flies, although it is both. The company has been working with FAA to meet aircraft regulations, and with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to meet vehicle safety regulations.The company is aiming to sell the Transition to private pilots as a more convenient and cheaper way to fly. They say it saves you the trouble of trying to find another mode of transportation to get to and from airports: You drive the car to the airport and then youre good to go. When you land, you fold up the wings and hit the road. There are no expensive parking fees because you dont have to store it at an airportyou park it in the garage at home.The carplane is designed to fly primarily under 10,000 feet. It has a maximum takeoff weight of 1,430 pounds, including fuel and passengers. Terrafugia says the Transition reduces the potential for an accident by allowing pilots to drive under bad weather instead of flying into marginal(临界)conditions.The Transitions price tag: $194,000. But there may be additional charges for options like a radio, transponder or GPS. Another option is a fullplane parachute.“If you get into a very awful situation, it is the necessary safety option，” Gersh said. So far, the company has more than 70 orders with deposits. “Were working very closely with them, but there are still some remaining steps，” Brown said.4. We can learn from the first two paragraphs that_.A. people might drive a carplane in 2020B. carplanes will be popular in 2020C. both Transition and Ferrari can take off and landD. Richard Gersh is the vice president of Massachusetts5. It takes the carplane one minute to_.A. fold and unfold its wingsB. meet flying safety regulationsC. land in the airportD. unfold wings for flying6. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. The carplane needs a runway to take off and land.B. The carplane may fly as high as normal planes.C. To meet aircraft regulations, the company has been working with FAA.D. People can park the carplane in the garage at their home.7. Whats the best title for the passage?A. Cars with Wings Can Fly As Fast As PlaneB. Which To Choose: A Ferrari Or A CarPlane?C. A More Convenient and Cheaper Way To FlyD. Cars with Wings May Be Just Around the Corner【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Terrafugia公司研发的汽车飞机即将问世。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The company Terrafugia, based in Woburn, Massachusetts, says it plans to deliver its carplane, the Transition, to customers by the end of 2020.”可知，Terrafugia公司计划在2020年年底前向客户交付这款汽车飞机，也就是说人们可能会在2020年驾驶这种汽车飞机，故A项正确。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The car plane has wings that unfold for flyinga process the company says takes one minuteand fold back up for driving.”可知，汽车飞机飞行时需要用一分钟来展开机翼，故D项正确。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The carplane is designed to fly primarily under 10,000 feet.”可知，汽车飞机的飞行高度在一万英尺以下，这远远低于正常飞机的飞行高度，也就是说汽车飞机不能和正常飞机飞得一样高，故B项正确。7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的“The company Terrafugia, based in Woburn, Massachusetts, says it plans to deliver its carplane, the Transition, to customers by the end of 2020.”可知，本文主要介绍了汽车飞机可能在不久的将来与用户见面，由此可知D项（带机翼的汽车即将问世）正确。CWhen we found him, he was a sorry sight. His clothes were torn, his hands bleeding. Before we reached him, we saw him fall. He lay a moment. Then he pulled himself to his feet, walked unsteadily a few yards through the woods and fell again. After we got him out, we went back to find the gun that he had thrown down. His tracks showed that for two days he had circled in the forest, within 200 yards of the road. His senses were so dulled by fear and tiredness that he did not hear the cars going by or see the lights at night. We found him just in time.This man, like others before him, had simply been frightened when he knew he was lost. What had been a near disaster might have turned out as only a pleasant walk, if he had made a few preparations before he stepped from the highway or off a known path.Whatever sense of direction that a man may have, its still largely a question of observation. A skilled woodsman always keeps an eye on his surroundings. He notes the shape of a mountain, the direction water flows through a swamp, and the way a tree leans across a path. With these in mind, he is still likely to turn around many times, but he is seldom lost.There are exceptions, of course, and once in a while a man does come across some strange problem that puts him into the “lost” situation. A rainstorm may catch him without a compass in his pocket. Darkness may find him in a rough area, where travel is dangerous without a light.When this happens, the normal first reaction is the fear of being laughed at as a result of his poor knowledge in the woods. He may also be concerned about the inconvenience that he will cause his friends when he doesnt show up. This false pride may lead him to keep on the move in a false effort to find his way against all difficulties.The person who thinks ahead is seldom in great danger. Hell be safe if he observes carefully, thinks ahead, and remains calm.8. The writer suggested that if the man had not been found, _.A. he would have been shot by a gunB. he would have become confusedC. he would have been attacked by wild animalsD. he would have been in great danger9. According to the text, if a person gets lost in the forest, at the very beginning, _.A. he will worry about being laughed atB. he will push himself to find his way outC. he will feel sorry that he didnt prepare well enoughD. he will feel it is convenient to ask for help from his friends10. What is the most important when a person tries to find his way in the woods?A. Intelligence.B. Observation.C. Direction.D. Chance.11. The writer tells the story of the lost man as an example of people who_.A. go into the woods by themselvesB. keep their head when they are in troubleC. are frightened when they think they are lostD. dont know how to signal for help properly【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个人在森林中迷路的故事，并告诉我们要想在森林中找到路，观察是最重要的。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“His senses were so dulled by fear and tiredness that he did not hear the cars going by or see the lights at night.”可知，他的感官由于恐惧和疲劳而变得迟钝，既听不到汽车驶过，也看不见灯光，由此可知，如果没有被及时找到，他的处境将是很危险的，故D项正确。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“When this happens, the normal first reaction is the fear of being laughed at as a result of his poor knowledge in the woods.”可知，当一个人在森林里迷路时，他的第一反应是因自己森林知识的贫乏而被别人嘲笑，故A项正确。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Whatever sense of direction that a man may have, its still largely a question of observation.”可知，如论一个人的方向感如何，这在很大程度上是一个观察的问题，再结合后面的樵夫很少迷路的例子可知，要想在森林中找到路，观察是最重要的，故B项正确。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This man, like others before him, had simply been frightened when he knew he was lost.”可知，和他以前的人一样，这个人知道自己迷路时，只知道害怕，由此可知，作者讲述了一个迷路人的故事，作为一个当人们认为迷路时感到害怕的例子，故C项正确。DNOT all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences in nightmares.Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce ,or possibly erase(抹去),the effect of painful memories.In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.Some memories can ruin peoples lives. They come back to you when you dont want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions, said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. This could relieve a lot of that suffering.But those who are against the research say that changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity (特质). They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past.All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. Im not sure we want to wipe those memories out, said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist.12. The passage is mainly about _.A. a new medical inventionB. a new research on the pillC. a way of erasing painful memoriesD. an argument about the research on the pill13. The drug tested on people can _ .A. cause the brain to fix memoriesB. stop people remembering bad experiencesC. prevent body producing certain chemicalsD. Wipe out the emotional effects of memories14. We can infer from the passage that _.A. people doubt the effects of the pillsB. the pill will stop peoples bad experiencesC. taking the pill will do harm to peoples healthD. the pill has probably been produced in America15. Which of the following does Rebecca Dresser agree with?A. Some memories can ruin peoples lives.B. People want to get rid of bad memories.C. Experiencing bad events makes us different from others.D. The pill will reduce peoples sufferings from bad memories.【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C【解析】试题分析：这篇文章主要讲了科学家研究一种可以让人忘记不好经历的药片，对于这种药片的影响存在着争议。【12题详解】推断题：根据The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, While others support it. 可知这篇文章主要是关于科学家研究一种药片，存在着争议，故选D。13题详解】细节题：根据The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain.可知这种药物可以阻止身体产生一定的化学物质，故选C。【14题详解】细节题：根据But those who are against the research say that changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity (特质). They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past. 我们可以推断出人们质疑这种药物的影响，故选A。【15题详解】细节题：根据All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. Im not sure we want to wipe those memories out, said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist.可知Rebecca Dresser同意经历坏的事情，使得我们和其他人不同，故选C。考点：考查新闻报道类阅读第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Theatre is a great activity to be a part of. Its an excellent way to make friends, practice the art, show your talents, and explore your creative side. Heres how to prepare yourself so that you can be your shining best.Practice, practice, practice!_16_To improve your practice, ask directors for pointers. While no show is perfect, with persistence (意志力), you can create a very satisfying end result._17_When you are in bed, picture yourself on the stage having a great time. Go through your lines, songs, and dance moves, and picture them going perfectly. The key is to stay relaxed and create a positive image of yourself on the stage.Dont be nervous when you are on stage!It will be dark where the audience is seated, and you wont be able to see their faces. When you arent saying lines, take deep breaths._18_Just have fun!Remember to show expression.Be proud of your performance and display the emotion that your character is feeling._19_Keep in mind that youre not only representing who you are as a performer, but also the rest of your cast and crew members and your directors as well! Smile (if you are supposed to) and have lots of fun!Smile during the curtain call.The curtain call is when the audience will take pictures, so wear a smile. Depending on the type of show, you might want to stay in character for a few extra seconds before you break out into a smile. Also, if you have one last song to sing at the end, sing it loud and proud._20_A. Just make sure the audience cant tell.B. This is when all of your hard work pays off.C. Get good sleep for the last few nights before the performance.D. Go over every aspect of the performance until you are satisfied.E. Its also polite to introduce your supporters to the other cast members.F. Talk about exactly what you want to do on stage, and what you dont want to do.G. If you are performing an emotional scene, pull the audience into your tale so that its an enjoyable experience.【答案】16. D 17. C18. A 19. G20. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何为戏剧表演做好准备的几点建议。【16题详解】根据本空后的“While no show is perfect, with persistence (意志力), you can create a very satisfying end result.”可知，虽然没有演出是完美的，但你可以凭借意志力达到一个令人满意的结果，故D项（仔细检查演出的每个方面直到你满意为止）符合语境。【17题详解】根据本段中的“When you are in bed, picture yourself on the stage having a great time.”可知，当你躺在床上，想象自己在舞台上过得很开心，故C项（演出前的最后几个晚上要睡个好觉）符合语境。【18题详解】根据本空前的“When you arent saying lines, take deep breaths.”可知，当你不说台词的时候，深呼吸，故A项（确保观众看不出来）符合语境。【19题详解】根据本空前的“Be proud of your performance and display the emotion that your character is feeling.”可知，为你的表演感到自豪，表现出你的角色所感受到的情感，故G项（如果你在表演一个情绪化的场景，把观众拉进你的故事中，这会是一个非常愉快的经历）符合语境。【20题详解】根据本空前的“Also, if you have one last song to sing at the end, sing it loud and proud.”可知，如果最后你还有一首歌要唱，那就大声、自豪地唱出来，故B项（这是你所有的努力都得到回报的时候）符合语境。第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题，2分，满分40分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并写在答题卡上。Pass Your Love OnWaiting for the airplane to take off, I was happy to get a seat by myself. Just then, an air hostess approached me and asked, “Would you mind _21_ your seat? A couple would like to sit together.” The only _22_ seat was next to a girl with her arms in casts (石膏绷带)， a black-and-blue face, and a s