湖北省北大附中武汉为明实验学校九年级英语全册 Unit 8 It must belong to Carla Section A（Grammar Focus-4c）导学案（无答案）（新版）人教新目标版

Unit8 It must belong to Carla. The Third Period (Section A Grammar Focus-4c)姓名： 日期： 教师寄语: Youth is not a time of life, it is a state of mind.青春不是生命的一瞬，而是一种自然的心境。【预习导学】1、 学习目标1） 能够熟练掌握情态动词must，might，could，cant的用法，并在适当的语境中正确使用它们。2） 对用情态动词表示推断进行总结和应用。2、 自学任务Task 1 根据音标自学本课时的新单词，特别注意单词的词性、词义以及读音。单词词性词义单词词性词义laboratoryoutdoorscoatsleepyTask 2 读一读Grammar Focus中的句子，自学情态动词的用法。情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。考点一：can，may，must等情态动词在陈述句中的用法：1. can的用法：（1）表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”，即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时may和must均不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I cant.她能游得很快，但我不能。I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。（2）表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary.你可以用我的字典。（3） 表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时cant译为“不可能”。如：Can the news be true?这个消息会是真的吗？Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗？No, it cant be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。2. could的用法：（1）can的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10.他十岁时就会写诗。（2）could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favor?你能帮我个忙吗？Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的钢笔吗?Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）3. may的用法：（1）表示请求、许可，比can正式.如：May I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行车吗？You may go home now.现在你可以回家了。(2) 表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或许”，一般用于肯定句中。如：It may rain tomorrow.明天可能会下雨。She may be at home.她可能在家呢.(3) may的过去式为might，表示推测时。可能性低于may。如：He is away from school. He might be sick.他离开学校了，可能是他生病了。(4) 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V如：May you have a good time?祝你过得愉快。May you be happy!祝你幸福！May you succeed！祝你成功！4. must的用法：(1) must表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。如：You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。Must I hand in my homework right now?我必须现在交作业吗？(2)其否定形式mustnt表示“一定不要” “千万别” “禁止,不许”.如：You mustnt play with fire.你不许玩火。You mustnt be late.你一定不要迟到。（3）对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为neednt或dont have to .如：Must I finish my homework?我现在必须完成作业吗？No, you neednt.不，你不必。(4) must表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.灯亮着，他现在肯定在家。5. need的用法：（1）need表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为neednt，意为“没有必要，不必”。用need提问时，肯定回答为must，否定回答为neednt或dont have to。如：Need I stay here any longer?我还有必要留在这儿吗？Yes, you must .是的。No. you neednt /dont have to.不，你不必。(2)need还可以作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，如果是人作主语后边多接动词不定式。如：I need to do it right now.我需要马上做这件事。He needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多了解那个女孩。如果是物作主语，一般用need doing与need to be done这种情况下应注意两点：.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义；.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如：. The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted.那扇门需要油漆一下。Your car needs mending. = Your car needs to be repaired.你的车需要维修了。考点二:情态动词表示推测的用法:一、“情态动词+动词原形”表示对现在的推测。1、can表示推测时一般用于否定句或疑问句。如：That man cant be her husband she is still single.Who is knocking at the door?Can it be the postman?2、must表示肯定的推测，一般用于肯定句中。如：He must be in his office now. Mr. Li must be working now, for the lights in his office are still on.3、might表示推测时不一定是may的过去时，只是表示其可能性较小。如：The man may be the headmaster.Where is Mr. Li?He might be working in his office.May Mr. Li come?He might not come here.4、Could表示推测时，语气can比要弱，说话者留有余地。如：Could it be an animal?It could not be, because it is not moving.5、Should表示推测的可能性比较大，仅比must的可能性小一点。如：It is already 10 oclock now they should be there.考点三：情态动词表推测的三种时态时态用法示例一般现在时.对一般情况的推测The notebook may belong to Jim, its on his desk.现在进行时表示对正在进行的动作的推测He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now现在完成时表示对过去情况的推测It must / may / might / could have rained last night .The ground is wet.【课堂活动】Step 1 Grammar FocusPlease read the sentences in the grammar focus and summarize the using of modal verbs.Step 2 Activity 4aChoose the best way to complete each sentence using the words in the brackets on your own.Step 3 Activity 4b1) Complete these responses.2) Have a discussion about the answers in groups.【训练反馈】.单项选择（ ）1. John_ come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.A. may B. can C. has to D. must（ ）2. They _ do well in the exam.A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to（ ）3. May I take this book out? No, you_.A. cant B. may not C. neednt D. arent（ ）4. You_ go and see a doctor at once because youre got a fever.A. can B. must C. dare D. would（ ）5. Can you speak Japanese? No, I_.A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. may not（ ）6. He_ be in the classroom, I think.No, he _ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; cant D. may; mustnt（ ）7. Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad?Thanks, but you_, Ive had enough.A. may not B. must not C. cant D. neednt（ ）8. Even the top students in our class cant work out this problem, so it be verydifficult.A. can B. shall C. must D. has to（ ）9. He isnt at school. I think he _ be ill.A. may B. must C. can D. need（ ）10. _ I take this one?A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do（ ）11. The children_ play football on the road.A. cant B. can C. mustnt D. must（ ）12. You _ be late for school again next time.A. mustnt B. neednt C. dont have to D. dont need to（ ）13. Must I do my homework at once?No, you_.A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. may not（ ）14. His arm is all right. He_ go and see the doctor.A. has not to B. dont have to C. havent to D. doesnt have to（ ）15. He had to give up the plan, _ he?A. did B. didnt C. does D. doesnt（ ）16. They had to walk here, _ they?A. mustnt B. did C. didnt D. hadnt（ ）17. He had better stay here, _ he?A. didnt B. dont C. hadnt D. isnt（ ）18. Youd better _ late next time.A. not to be B. not be C. wont be D. dont be（ ）19. Youd better _ your hair _ once a month.A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted（ ）20. You_ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way.A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not（ ）21. Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday?_A. Here you are B. Sorry, I cant C. Yes, please D. Let me try（ ）22. Why dont you ask Mike to go with us?Thanks, _.A. I will B. I wont C. lean D. I may（ ）23. _ I take the newspaper away?No, you mustnt. You_read it only here.A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must