非谓语动词作状语93461.ppt

非谓语动词作状语,一动词不定式作状语,1.动词不定式通常作状语表示原因.结果.目的.条件等。1）目的状语TolearnEnglishwell,hewenttoEngland.Inordertoachievetheaim,wemustlearnfromothercountries.常可与inorderto(为了)或soasto(以便)连用。,2）结果状语,动词不定式和ving形式作结果状语区别：1动词不定式作结果状语通常表示意想不到的结果，常与only连用构成onlytodosth2动词ing形式作结果状语通常表示自然而然的情况或结果。Herantothestationonlytofindthetrainhadleft.Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofdebts.,3)原因状语,Weareexcitedtohearthenews.,4)条件状语,Toturntotheleft,youcouldfindapostoffice.,二动词ing形式作状语,可表示原因.结果.条件.让步.方式伴随等，可转化为相应的状语从句1.表时间Walkingoutoftheroom,hesawtheboystillthere.=whenhewalkedoutoftheroom,he.Havingmadefullpreparations,wearereadyfortheexam.=Afterwehavemadefullpreparations,we.,2.表原因,Beingill,hedidntgotoschoolyesterday.=Becausehewasill,he.Notmasteringthewayofstudying,ididntgetagoodresult.=Asididntmasterthewayofstudying,i.,3.表结果(并列谓语),Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.=hisfatherdiedandlefthim.Thefirelastednearlyamonth,leavingnothingvaluable.=Thefirelastednearlyamonthandleftnothingvaluable.,4.表条件,Workinghardatyourlessons,youwillsucceed.=ifyouworkhardatyourlessons,you.Ifyoudontmakeuseoftime,youwillregret.=Notmakinguseofthetime,youwill.,5.表让步,Knowingallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.=Athoughtheyknewallthis,they.Studyingfrommorningtillnight,ididntpasstheexam.=Athoughistudiedfrommorningtillnight,i.,6.方式.伴随或补充说明(并列结构）,Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.=Helayonthegrassandstaredatthe.Thegrilcameintotheclassroom,singinganddancing.=Thegrilcameintotheclassroomandtheysanganddanced.,注意:,1为了使动词ing形式作状语表达的意思更明确，可在动词ing前加上适当的连词：when、while、if、though、unless、even等.Donttalkwhilehavingdinner.Oncelosingthechance,youcanteasilyfindit.,2.动词ing形式做状语，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。,Whilereadingthebook,thetelephonerang.Whilereadingthebook,sheheardthetelephonering.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,thegardenwasbeautiful.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,wefoundabeautifulgarden.,3.独立成分作状语,常见的分词短语有：Franklyspeaking;honestlyspeaking;Judgingfrom;considering;totellthetruthHonestlyspeaking,heisnotfitforthejob.Judgingfromhisaccent,heisfromthesouth.,三、过去分词ed作状语,过去分词做状语可表示被动和完成的动作。表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式等，相当于相应的状语从句。1表时间Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylookedlikeabiggarden.=whenitisseenfromthetopofthehill,thecity.Askedwhathadhappened,heloweredhishead.=whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,he.,2.表原因,Surroundedbyagroupofyoungpeople,theoldmanfelthappy.=Ashewassurroundedbyagroupofyoungpeople,theoldman.Greatlytouchedbytheteacherswords,hedidalotofthingstohelphisclassmates.=Becausetheboywasgreatlytouchedbytheteacherswords,he.,3.表条件,Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.=ifweweregivenmoretime,we.Comparedwithyourbrother,youshouldmakegreatereffortstostudyEnglish.=ifyouarecomparedwithyourbrother,you.,4.表让步,Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.=Althoughhewaslaughedatbymanypeople,he.Evenifinvited,iwonttakepartintheparty.Evenifiaminvited,i.,5.表示方式或伴随,Supportedbyagirl,theoldmangotoffthebus.Heturnedaway,disappointed.Hewalkedupanddowntheroom,lostinthought.,注意：,1.某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，常用于一些系表结构中。此时的过去分词既不表被动也不表完成，而表示一种状态。这样的词有：lost；seated；hidden；lost/absorbedin；dressedin；tiredof等。Disappointedattheexaminationresult,shesattheresilent.Satisfiedwithourperformance,theteacherkeptnodding.,2.过去分词做状语时，其逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致。,Askedwhyshewaslate,herfacewentred.Askedwhyshewaslate,shewentredintheface.,3.过去分词或短语做状语时，也可在其前面加上连词when、if、once、though、unless等，以便明确作何种状语。,Thoughbeaten,wewerenotdiscouraged.=Thoughwewerebeated,we.Oncetasted,thedishishardtoforget.=onceitistasted,thedish.,4.过去分词做状语与现在分词作状语的区别：,过去分词与句子主语构成动宾关系或被动关系。现在分词与句子主语构成主谓关系或主动关