状语从句课件讲解和练习.ppt

状语从句,状语从句,时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句方式状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句,1.时间状语从句,1)由连词when,while,as,assoonas,before,after,since,till/until等引导。主句用将来时，从句常用一般现在时表将来,Iwilltellhimwhenhecomesback.,2)while,when,as辨析,While引导的时间状语从句只指一段时间，强调某一段时间内，主从句动作同时发生。从句动词常是延续性的When既可以指一个时间点,也可以是一段时间，可表示主从句的动作同时或先后发生。从句动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的。As强调主句从句动作相并发生,译为”一边一边”,Whenhereturned,hiswifewascooking.Whilehewasreading,hiswifewascooking.Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.,对比训练1_heheardthis,hegotveryangry.2.ImetLucy_Iwaswalkingalongtheriver.3._achild,helivedinthecountryside.A.whenB.whileC.as,另外,when/while还作并列连词,连接并列分句,while表示“而,可是”如:IlikereadingwhilemywifeenjoyswatchingTV.when表示“就在这时”在下列结构中，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生，另一动作同时发生。1.beabouttodowhen2.bedoingwhen3.haddonewhene.g.Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.Iwasplayingcomputergameswhenmomcamein.,while的用法小结：WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.(while=_)Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.(whileWhileIreallydontlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(while=_),when,although,but,Wewereabouttoleave_itbegantorain.2.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherson,_,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmyson.3.HardlyhadIfinishedmycomposition_thebellrang.A.whenB.whileC.asD.during,3)until/till(不用于句首),“延续的动词（肯定式）+until”表示“直到为止”Iwaitedforhimuntilhecameback.“非延续性动词（否定式）+until”表示“直到才”Hedidntgotobeduntilhefinishedhiswork.,Notuntilhesawithimselfdidhebelieveit.,注意:notuntil在句首时要倒装,4)表示“一就”的句型(1)assoonas,once,themoment/minute/second,immediately/directly/instantlyAssoonashecomes,Illtellhim.ThemomentIsawhim,Irecognizedhim.Ileftimmediatelytheclockstruck5.(2)on/upondoing/on(upon)ones+nOnarrivingatthestation,thethiefwasarrested.OnhisarrivalinParis,hewasrecognizedasafamousperson.,5)Everytime,eachtime等也可以引导时间状语从句,EverytimeIcaughtacold,Ihadpaininmyhead.,(3)nosoonerthan/hardlywhen/scarcelywhenNosoonerhadtheyreachedhomethanitstartedtorain.HardlyhadIenteredtheroomwhenthetelephonerang.,连接词before的小结：1.Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.2.Wehadntrunamilebeforehefelttired.4.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme.,“才”,“不到就”,“还没来得及”,ItwillbealongtimebeforeItwontbelongbeforeItis/hasbeentwoyearssincesbdidsth.,1）句型Itwillbe/was段时间before“还要过多久才”如：Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry.2）句型Itwillbe/wasnot一段时间before“不多久就”如：Itwasnttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.,一、若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是终止性的过去时，则从句表示的时间是“从动作开始的那一时刻起”。如：Hehasstudiedveryhardsincehecametoourschool.自从他来到我们学校，他学习就非常努力。Wehavebeenmissingthemsincetheylefthere自从他们离开这里，我们就一直很想念他们。,二、若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是持续性动词或表示状态的动词的过去时时，则从句表示的时间是“从那持续动作或状态结束时算起”。如：IhaventheardanynoisesinceIslept.Sleep为持续性动词，sleep的动作结束时，即“醒来”时，这句应译为“我醒后还未听到任何声音”。JohnisnowwithhisparentsinNewYork,itisalreadythreeyearssincehewasateacher约翰现在和父母一起住在纽约，他不当教师已经三年了。,HowlongisitsinceyoulivedinShanghai?你离开（没住在）上海多久了延续性；不多长时间了ItishalfamonthsincehewasaLeaguemember.他退团（不当团员）半个月了。ItsbeenquitesometimesinceIwaslastinLondon我离开伦敦已很长时间了。比较：HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIwasill.自从我病愈以来，他屡次给我写信。（从句谓语为状态动词）HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIfellill.自从我生病以来，他就屡次给我写信。（从句谓语为终止性动词）,llletyouknow_hecomesback.A.beforeB.becauseC.assoonasD.although,Itisabouttenyears_Imetyoulast.sinceB.forC.whenD.as,_wegottothestation,thetrainhadleftalready.A.IfB.UnlessC.SinceD.When,Wedidntgohome_wefinishedthework.A.sinceB.untilC.becauseD.though,.Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal_afamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.while,Itwasnot_shetookoffherdarkglasses_Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then,Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears_itispossibletotestthismedicineonhuman,patients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.whe,Whydidntyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?Herushedoutoftheroom_Icouldsayaword.A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after,_Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless,DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?Yes.Igaveittoher_Isawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once,2.让步状语从句引导词有：although,though,evenif/though,as,while（尽管）whetheror(无论还是),whoever=nomatterwhowhenever=nomatterwhenwhatever=nomatterwhatwherever=nomatterwherehowever=nomatterhow,1)as引导的让步从句要倒装，句型为：形容词/副词/名词（不带冠词）/动词（原形）+主语+谓语Youngasheis,heknowsalot.MuchasIlikeit,Icantaffordit.Farmerasheis,heiswell-educated.TryasImight,Icouldntliftthestone.,2）although不倒装，though可倒装也可不倒装,as必须倒装,Although/Thoughhewasillhedidntstopworking.,3）nomatter+疑问句引导让步状语从句Nomatterwhathappened,heshouldntmind.=Whateverhappened,heshouldntmind.Nomatterwhoyouare,youshouldobeythesocialrules.=Whoeveryouare,youshould4)whetheror,Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.,whetheror不管还是a.Whethertheweatherisgoodorbad,theywillsetoffastheyplanned.B.Whetherhedrivesortakesthetrain,hewillbehereontime.,1、Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,_difficultitwas.A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverDalthough2、Theoldtowermustbesaved,_thecost.AhoweverBwhateverCwhicheverDwherever,对比训练31.Child_sheis,sheknowalot.2.Hedidtheexperiment_hewastold.3.Thepianosintheothershopwillbecheaper,butnot_good.A.duringB.asC.soD.thoughE.bothBandC,3.地点状语从句引导词有:where,wherever,注意：不要混同于where引导的定语从句,与定语从句的区别：where引导定语从句，从句前有一个表示地点的名词。Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.Gobacktothevillagewhereyoucamefrom.,(有志者，事竟成）,Illfollowyouwhereveryougo.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.,Whenyoureadthebook,youdbettermakeamark_youhaveanyquestion.AatwhichBatwhereCtheplacewhereDwhere,Whenyoureadthebook,youdbettermakeamarkattheplace_youhaveanyquestion.AwhichBatwhereCtheplacewhereDwhere,4.原因状语从句由because,since,nowthat,as引导。(1).because语气最强，用来回答why提问，可用在强调句型中,引导的从句表示直接的、根本的原yinItwasbecausehewasillthathedidntgowithus.(2).Since语气比because弱，表示关系上的自然结果，一般译成“既然，鉴于”（往往放于主句之前）表示显然的或已知的原因.Sincenooneisagainstit,letscarryouttheplan.（既然没人反对,),(3).as语气最弱，只说明一般的因果关系（可放于主句之前，也可放于主句之后）Wearstrongshoesasweshalldoalotofwalkingtoday.与since没多大区别(4).for也可以表示原因，不是说明直接原因，而是对某种情况加以推倒，用于表示补充说明理由。Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.(5).nowthat用来说明一种新情况，然后加以推理，nowthat放于句首时，that可省略。Now(that)everybodyishere,letsbegin.,_thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As,Hetookoffhiscoat_hefelthot.A.becauseB.asC.ifD.since,5.目的状语从句引导词：inorderthat,sothat(为了）,forfearthat,incase,谓语动词常含有can,could,may,might,will,would等情态动词。,Illspeakslowlysothateverybodycanunderstandme.Hewrotethenamedownforfearthat(incase)hewouldforget.,incase与forfearthat,Iwillhavetostayathomethisevening_myteachercomes.StudentsofClass13areworkinghardthesesdays_theymightfailtheexam.,incase,forfearthat,becauseofthepossibilityofsthhappening,toavoidthedangerofsthhappening,Annlistenedcarefully_shecoulddiscoverwhatsheneeded.A.suchthatB.inorderthatC.becauseD.eventhough,11.Ihurried_Iwouldntbelateforclass.A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless,6.结果状语从句：引导词有：sothat,suchthat,sothat,常用句型：so+adj.(adv.)+thatso+adj.+a(an)+n.+thatSuch+a(an)+adj.+n.+thatSuch+adj.+n(s)+that,HespokesofastthatIcouldntfollowhim.Itwassuchagooddaythatweallwentswimming.,Heleftin_ahurry_heforgottolockthedoor.such,thatB.so,thatC.such,asD.so,when,.Farmersrotate(轮作)theircrops_thesoilwillremainfertile.A.sothatB.becauseofC.inordertoD.ratherthan,Itwas_ahundredpeoplelookedlostinit.A.solargearoomthatB.solargeroomC.asuchlargeroomD.suchlargearoom,Hehas_littleeducationthathecantteach_littlechildren.A.so;suchB.too;suchC.a;soD.very;so,7.条件状语从句1.由if,unless(=ifnot),so/aslongas(只要),suppose/supposing(假设，如果),incase(以防),onconditionthat,onlyif,ifonly引导。e.g.Youmayusetheroomaslongasyoucleanitupafterwards.2.“祈使句+and/or/orelse/otherwise”引导的结果句，祈使句在实际意义上相当于条件状语从句。Useyouhead,andyouwillfindaway.Getupnow,oryouwillbelate.,1、TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname_itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.AaslongasBwhileCifDeventhough2、Itisknowntoallthat_youexerciseregularly,youwontkeepgoodhealth.A.unlessB.wheneverC.althoughD.ifunless相当于ifnot，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。这也是高考的热点之一。复习时也应给予高度重视。,1、_Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.JustasD.Evenif2、IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctors_Ihavetowait.AincaseBsothatCinorderDasif,8.方式状语从句引导词有:as(如同),asif/though(好像),Theyaretalkingasif(asthough)theywereoldfriends.,注意：as，like都表示“像”，,Iworkasothersdo.Iworklikeothers.,as是连词，后