中考英语名词总复习课件_(2).ppt

,？,AisforAppleBisforBallCCandleDisforDoorEisforEggFisforFallGisforGrassHisforHallIisforIceJisforJamKisforKiteLisforLambMmmmmmmmmMMoonlightNNightOOrangePisforPieQisforQueenRisforRainSisforSmileTisforTrainMmmmmmmmmUUmbrellaVisforVellWisforWhaleXX-rayYYoyoZisforZeroMmmmmmmmm,普通名词,专有名词（人名、地名）,可数名词,不可数名词,名词,名词单数的表达一般可用a，an，one来修饰注：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前*abook*anEnglishbook*anhour,flower,flowers,找规律,总结规则,watch,es,factory-factories,leaf-leaves,box,es,NOUN.,名词的复数形式1.规则变化(1)一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/*dogdogs*bookbooks(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”/iz/*boxboxes*watchwatches,(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es”/iz/*countrycountries*factoryfactories请区别：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词则只须加“s”*boyboysholiday-holidays*monkeymonkeys,(4)以f、fe结尾的名词,变f、fe为v再加“es”/vz/*halfhalves*shelfshelves*knifeknives*leafleaves,要点考点聚焦,找规律,tomatoes,potatoes,heroes,NOUN.,英雄吃马铃薯和西红柿,pianos,(5)以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero除外*pianopianos*zoozoospotatopotatoestomatotomatoes,child-children,woman-women,sheep,man-men,NOUN.,2.不规则变化(1)单复数同形ChineseChinesefishfishJapaneseJapanesesheepsheep(2)变元音字母oo为eetoothteethfootfeet,(3).变man为menmanmenwomanwomenpolicemanpolicemenFrenchmanFrenchmen请区别：German(德国人)Germans(“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面),(4).常以复数形式出现的名词peopleclothesshoestrousersglasses这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数*Myclothesarenewerthanyours.,3.可数名词可以被a,an,one,two以及howmany，many，afew，few，any，lotsof,alotof，some等修饰*Thereareafewpeopleinthepark.*Howmanyknivesarethereinyourpencil-box?,1.Several_aretalkingunderthetreeAndtheyaretalkingabout_.Awoman;childrenBwoman;childCwomen;children2.Therearethreeinmyfamily.A.peopleB.personC.child3.Some_cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.A.GermansB.GermenC.GermanyD.Germanies,C,A,A,4.Inthepicturetherearemany_andtwo_.A.sheeps;knifesB.sheeps;knifeC.sheep;knivesD.sheep;knife5.Therearefour_andtwo_inthegroup.A.Japanese，GermenB.Japaneses，GermenC.Japanese，GermanD.Japanese，Germans,D,C,不可数名词物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如:water，rice，fish，meat等。workchalktimespacemusicmoneyweatherhomeworkwoodinformationnewsmedicine,1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数*Somebreadisoverthere.*Nonewsisgoodnews.,2.不可数名词不能直接被a,an,one,two等修饰，常用howmuch,much,alittle,little,alotof,lotsof,some,any等修饰*Theyhadmuchmoney.*Hedoeslittlehouseworkathome.*arice(X)twobread(X),3.可数名词和不可数名词都可以用单位+of+名词表达量，但单位后面的可数名词用复数，不可数名词形式不变*abagofapples*apieceofpaper*threeglassesoforange,4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同glass(玻璃)aglass(玻璃杯)work(工作)awork(著作)time(时间)times(次数),1.Pleasegiveme_paper.A.oneB.apiecesC.apieceD.apieceof2.Thistableismadeof_.A.manyglassB.someglassesC.glassesD.glass3.WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?Idliketwo_.A.bottleofmilkB.bottlesofmilksC.bottlesofmilkD.bottleofmilks4.Wecandotheworkbetterwith_moneyand_people.A.less,fewerB.fewer,lessC.little,littleD.few,few,D,D,C,A,名词所有格表示名词间的所有关系“的”一.名词所有格的构成方法1.一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加“s”KangkangsfatherLucysbook2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“”即可TeachersofficeTheGreenshouse,3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“s”*ChildrensDay*mensshoes4.无生命名词的所有关系用of加名词，构成所属关系的短语*thecolorofthewall*apictureoftheclassroom,1.June1stis_Day.AlltheChildrenenjoyitverymuch.A.ChildrenB.ChildrensC.ChildrensD.Child2.Thetwobedroomarethe_.A.twinsB.twinsC.twinsD.twins,C,C,重难点突破,小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因Ourhospitalneedstwo_doctors,Mrs.Li.Youcanaskyoursontohaveatry.A.womenB.manC.womanD.men,D,名词的用法1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数*Therearethreebananatreesoverthere.2.manwoman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致*Weneedamanteacher.*Theyareallwomenworkers.3.sports,clothes做定语时,仍用复数形式*asportsstar*aclothesshop,2.Thispairofshorts_tooexpensive.Icantafford_.are,themB.are,itC.is,themD.is,it,重难点突破,C,当出现“单位+of+名词”时，谓语动词应根据“单位”的单复数决定。Thispairofshoesisnice.比较：Theshoesarenice.Herearetwopiecesofnews.比较：Thenewsiswonderful.,3.Themodelplanewasmadebya_boy.A.ten-years-oldB.ten-year-olderC.ten-year-oldD.ten-yearold,重难点突破,C,当数词与单位名词一起构成合成形容词做定语时，单位名词往往用单数形式,数词与单位名词用“-”连接。*Heisafourteen-year-oldboy.*Thisisatwo-hourplan.,4.Thepolice_onthestreetwhenaccidenthappened.A.isB.areC.wasD.were,重难点突破,D,名词做主语时,应注意名词的数，避免主谓不一致。*Herfamilyisalargeoneandherfamilyareallteachers.她家是一个大家庭,她的家人都是老师。,5.WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothe_.A.teacherB.teachersC.teachersD.teachers,重难点突破,D,名词所有格的几个注意点可用名词所有格表示地点,地点名词习惯上省略*myaunts(home）(我姑姑家）*gototheteachers(office）(去老师办公室）,6.Lucyis_sister.A.MaryandJackB.MarysandJacksC.MaryandJacksD.MaryandJacks,重难点突破,D,表示两人共同拥有,在最后一个名词后加“s”*LucyandLilysroom露西和莉莉的房间（两人共有一间房间）请区别:LucysandLilysrooms露西的房间和莉莉的房间（两人各有一间房间）,7.Lookatthatoldman.Heis_.afriendofmyB.afriendofmineC.AmesfriendD.amyfriend,重难点突破,B,物主代词与a,an,this,that,these,those,some,any等词共同修饰名词时，需用双重所有格，其构成为名词+of+名词所有格（或名词性物主代词）,8.Its_fromourschooltomyhome.A.tenminuteswalkB.tenminuteswalkC.tenminutewalkD.tenminuteswalk,重难点突破,A,名词所有格（s）也可以用于无生命的东西，主要用于时间，度量衡等名词之后twomonthsvacationamilesdistance此表达可以和合成形容词互换twomonthsvacation=two-monthvacation,1.Couldyoupleasegetmesome_?Imhungry.（2011年重庆中考第24题）A.appleB.waterC.breadD.egg2.Somethingiswrongwithmy_.Icantseeanythingaroundme.（2010年重庆中考第22题）A.noseB.earsC.eyesD.mouth3.Mr.Whitehasabeautifulgardenwithmany_init.（2009年重庆中考第23题）A.flowersB.grassC.villagesD.water,直击中考,C,C,A,4.-Howfarisyourcousinshomefromhere?-Itsabouttwo_drive.（2009年重庆中考第34题）A.hoursB.hoursC.hoursD.hour5.YaoMingdidagoodjobint