副词、形容词、连词

副词、形容词、连词,I.adj.(形容词)在句中的位置,1.be动词后面2.连系动词后面(look,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,become,turn)3.名词前面4.不定代词后面(something,anything,nothing,everything,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,somewhere,anywhere,nowhere,everywhere等)e.g.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.5.make/keep/find+sb./sth.+adj.e.g.Thepolicemenkeepourcitysafe.,例句,1.Themathsproblemiseasy.2.Thisisaneasymathsproblem.3.Itlookseasy.4.Thatssomethingeasy.5.Whathesaidmadehisfatherangry.6.Weshouldkeepourenvironmentclean.,II.adj.(形容词)变成adv.(副词)的规则,1.adj.+lye.g.slow-slowly2.以y结尾的adj.,去y变i加lye.g.easy-easily3.以ble结尾的adj.变成blye.g.terrible-terribly4.形容词和副词同形e.g.fast,hard,early.5.特殊词e.g.true-truly,III.adv.(副词)在句中的位置,实意动词后加adv.e.g.Itrainedheavily.2.形容词前加adv.e.g.Imterriblysorry.3.adv.加adv.e.g.Heranfastenoughtocatchthetrain.4.放在句首e.g.Luckily,hegotthefirstprize.,Exercises:choosetheproperwords.(注意形容词和副词）,1.Yourhandwritingis_.(good,well)2.Whata_idea!(strange,strangely)3.Isthereanything_(wrong,wrongly)4.Thenhespokeboth_and_.(slowclear,slowlyclearly)5.LittleTomcan_readthenewspapers.(easy,easily)6.Takeit_.Theroadsareicy.(easy,easily)7.Its_coldtonight.(terrible,terribly)8._,Ithinkyouaremistaken.(Honest,Honestly)9.Plantsgrow_inautumnandwinter.(slow,slowly),good,strange,wrong,slowlyclearly,easily,easy,terribly,Honestly,slowly,10.Thereportsounds_(true,truly)11.Whatmadethechildrenso_?(excited,excitedly)12.Thesunkeepsus_.(warm,warmly)13.Theytriedtogetus_intheidea.(interested,interestedly)14.NowWaltDisneysdreamcame_(true,truly)15.Itriedtomakemyself_.(clear,clearly)16.Thegirlsmadeabigcake_.(happy,happily)17.Marylooked_atthestrangeman.(timid,timidly)18.Theoldmanlooked_withhisson.(angry,angrily),Exercises:choosetheproperwords.(注意形容词和副词）,true,excited,warm,interested,true,clear,happily,timidly,angry,IV.形容词和副词的三级,原级:as+原级+as,notas/so+原级+ase.g.Thesteaktastesasdeliciousasthechop.Hisschoolisntas/sobeautifulasours.,2.比较级:1)Ais比较级thanB.e.g.E-mailisquickerandcheaperthanregularmail.2)放在表示程度的副词后面(much,far,even,alittle,still,abit放在比较级后)e.g.Theairpollutioninthatcityismuchmoreseriousthanitusedtobe.Hisfaceturnedredderstill.3)比较级+比较级(越来越)e.g.Thedaysaregettinglongerandlongerinsummer.4)the+比较级,the+比较级(越就越)e.g.YoushouldapologizetoMr.Hopkins,thesoonerthebetter.,比较级的构成:,1)+ere.g.long-longer2)以不发音的e结尾的形容词，副词+r，e.g.nice-nicer3)以一个辅音字母结尾(除x)的重读闭音节形容词和副词,双写该辅音字母+er,e.g.big-bigger4)以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词和副词,去y,+ier,e.g.dry-drier5)部分双音节和全部多音节形容词和副词前+more构成比较级.e.g.careful-morecareful,slowly-moreslowly,difficult-moredifficult,3.最高级:三者以上进行比较e.g.Whichisthebiggest,thesun,theearthorthemoon?在有范围的句子中e.g.TheAmazonisthesecondlongestriverintheworld.Heruns(the)fastestofthethree.oneof+最高级+名词的复数e.g.Edisonwasoneofthegreatestinventorsintheworld.,最高级的构成:,1)adj+este.g.long-longest2)以不发音的e结尾的形容词，副词+st，e.g.nice-nicest3)以一个辅音字母结尾(除x)的重读闭音节形容词和副词,双写该辅音字母+est,e.g.big-biggest4)以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词和副词,去y+iest,e.g.dry-driest5)部分双音节和全部多音节形容词和副词前+most构成比较级.e.g.careful-mostcareful,slowly-mostslowly,difficult-mostdifficult,V.Choosethebestanswers,()1.Jackrunsas_asTim.A.fastB.fasterC.fastestD.thefastest()2.Mothergetsup_inmyfamily.A.earlyB.earlierC.earliestD.theearlier()3.Cathyisthin,butDorais_.A.thinB.thinnerC.thinnestD.thethinnest()4.ThenextmorningJennygotupeven_.A.earlyB.earlierC.earliestD.theearliest()5.Emilysings_ofthefivegirls.A.goodB.wellC.betterD.best()6.Infact,Deliaisalittle_thanhereldersister.A.tallB.tallerC.tallestD.thetallest,A,C,B,B,D,B,()7.Heididoesnotjumpso_asJane.A.highB.higherC.highestD.thehighest()8.Ofallthestarsthesunis_tous.A.closeB.closerC.closestD.theclosest()9.Whichis_totheearth,thesunorthemoon?A.closeB.closerC.closestD.theclosest()10.Barbarafeltmuch_thanbeforeafterdark.A.coldB.colderC.coldestD.thecoldest()11.Thisjacketissmallerthanthatonebutits_.A.expensiveB.moreexpensiveC.mostexpensiveD.themostexpensive()12.Ourcountryhasbecome_inthepasttwentyyears.A.moreandmorerichandstrongB.morericherandmorestrongerC.morerichandmorestrongD.richerandstronger,A,D,B,B,B,D,()13.WilliamShakespeareisoneof_playwritersinEngland.A.greatB.greaterC.greatestD.thegreatest()14.ThecartoonTarzanis_filmIhaveeverseen.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest()15.Ithinkfictionstoriesare_thannon-fictionstories.A.moreinterestingB.interestingC.mostinterestingD.muchinteresting()16.Shanghaiis_thanthatcity.A.morebigB.moremodernC.famouserD.muchmodern()17.Sheis_thanbefore.A.muchhealthyB.muchmorehealthyC.muchhealthierD.muchhealthy()18.Atrainruns_acarandabike.A.fastestofB.asfastasC.fasterthanD.morefastthan,D,D,A,B,C,C,()19.Helooksas_asbefore.A.weakerB.weakestC.weaklyD.weak()20.Heis_boyofusall.A.strongB.strongerC.themuchstrongD.thestrongest()21.Hangzhouisoneof_inChina.A.themostbeautifulcityB.morebeautifulcitiesC.themostbeautifulcitiesD.mostbeautifulcities()22.Itsgetting_and_thesedays.Itssaidthatthissummeris_ofall.A.hot;hot;thehottestB.hotter;hotter;thehottestC.thehottest;thehottest;thehottestD.hotter;hotter;hotter,D,D,C,B,()23.LispeaksEnglish_,Chenspeaks_,andIspeak_.A.good;better;thebestB.well;better;thebestC.good;well;badlyD.badly;well;worse()24.Jackworksas_asJane,buthismarksarealways_thanJanes.A.hardly;goodB.hardly;betterC.hard;worseD.hard;bad,B,C,1.Papercatchesfire_.(easy)2.Thesickmanisgetting_(ill).3.The_examsusuallytakeplaceattheendofJune.(finally)4.Itis_foranordinaryplanetoflytothemoon.(possible)5.Ona_night,youcanseethousandsofstarsinthesky.(clearly)6.Lucylooks_inMumsshoes.(fun)7.Suchcoldweatherisquite_inJuneandpeoplehavetowearwarmclothesagain.(usually)8.Watch_,andyouwillfindthedifferencebetweenthetwopictures.(care)9.Itrained_lastnightandtheriverrosetwofeet.(heavy)10.Thechildrenwere_excitedwhentheysawthetwopandas,(real),easily,worse,final,impossible,clear,funny,unusual,carefully,heavily,really,1.ThepoorchildwassoluckythatshereceivedmanybooksfromProjectHope.Thepoorchildwas_toreceivemanybooksfromProjectHope.2.NobodyelseinhisclasscanspeakEnglishasfluentlyashe.He_English_fluentlyinhisclass.3.Theboyissoshortthathecantreachtheorangesonthetree.Theboyisnt_toreachtheorangesonthetrees.4.ExerciseAiseasierthanExerciseB.ExerciseBis_thanExerciseA.5.Jonathanplayssquashmoreskillfullythananyotherpersoninourcompany.Jonathanplayssquash_inourcompany.6.TonyrunsfasterthanTim.Timdoesntrun_Tony.7.Ourschoolisthesamesizeasyours.Ourschoolisas_asyours.,luckyenough,speaksmost,tallenough,moredifficult,mostskillfully,asfastas,big,并列连词连结彼此并列的词、短语或句子,and和，并且or或者，还是；否则but但是so因此notonlybutalso不但而且bothand两者都neithernor两者都不eitheror或或aswellas也,例句,1.Thewaterinthekettleisboilingandwecanseesteamcomingoutofit.并且2.Isheanengineeroranarchitect?或者,还是Hurryup,oryouwillbelate.否则3.Englishisdifficult,butitsinteresting.但是,4.PeoplenotonlyplaycomputergamesontheInternetbutalsodoonlineshopping.不但而且5.Youcanaskmequestionseitherinclassorafterclass.或或6.Neitherthecolournorthesizefitsme.两者都不7.ShelikesEnglishaswellasFrench.=ShelikesEnglishandshelikesFrench,too.,以下连词的谓语动词单复数形式参照就近主语,1.NotonlyhebutalsoIamastudent.不但而且2.Eitherheorwearegoingtotheconcert.或或3.Neitheryounorheisthemanagerofthehotel.两者都不,从属连词引导从句,如宾语从句、状语从句,1.IfitdoesntrainnextSunday,wellhaveabarbecue.假如引导状语从句2.TheforeigneraskedusifwehadbeentotheTowerofPisa.是否引导宾语从句3.SincethisisyourfirstvisittoBritain,youdbetterlearnsomethingaboutBritishculture.因为引导状语从句4.IneedaplacewhereIcanreadandwrite.那里引导定语从句,例题（中考题选择题）,1.Ienjoythepopulardance“hip-hop”，but_myfather_mymotherlikesit.A.bothandB.notonlybutalsoC.eitherorD.neithernor2._allthepassengersarehere,whydontwestartatonce?A.AssoonasB.AfterC.NowthatD.When3.Bobspendsalotofmoneyonbooks_heisnotrich.A.ifB.thoughC.whenD.because4.Thewarwasoveraboutthreemonthsago,_theAmericansoldierinIraqarestillhavingalotoftroubletodealwith.A.orB.andC.butD.so,D,C,B,C,5.SomepassengerswerewalkingthroughoneofthebighallsatParisCharlesDeGaulleAirport_thewholeroof(屋顶)felldown.A.whileB.assoonasC.whenD.after6.Thedoctorstriedtheirbesttosavetheparentslives,_failed.A.orB.soC.butD.because7.Agoodfriendalwaysgivesyouahelpinghand_youreintrouble.A.whenB.beforeC.untilD.though,C,C,A,例题（中考题改变句型）,1.Timdoesntcollectcoins.Jackdoesntcollectcoins,either.NeitherTim_Jack_coins.2.Theboywastoofrightenedtosayaword.Theboywas_frightened_hecouldntsayaword.3.Putonyourcoat,oryoullcatchacold._you_putonyourcoat,youllcatchacold.,nor,collects,so,that,If,dont,1.Imustgonow,_mymotheriswaitingforme.A.forB.soC.becauseD.but2.Haveaquicklookatthehandbag,_youwilllikeit.A.soB.orC.ifD.and3.Youwilllikethehandbag_youhaveaquicklookatit.A.soB.orC.ifD.and4._youarebusynow,gonexttime,OK?A.BecauseB.SinceC.ForD.When,C,D,C,B,5.Ithasnofeet_legs,_itcangoallday_allnight.A.andsoandB.orsoandC.orbutandD.orandand6.Workharder,_youllmakegreatprogress.A.butB.orC.soD.and7.Showme_youvewritten.A.whatB.thatC.whileD.when,C,D,A,8.Callataxi_itrains.Itssuchalongway.A.thoughB.asC.whileD.if9.Letsstartnow,_wellbelateforthelecture.A.thoughB.orC.andD.but10.Pleasegetready_themeetingbeginsA.beforeB.sinceC.sothatD.for11._hissister_hisbrotherarecoming.A.NeithernorB.EitherorC.BothandD.Notonlybutalso,D,B,A,C,Thisansweriswrong.Thatanswerisalsowrong.(保持原句意思)_thisanswer_thatoneisright.2.Onlyonecangothere.(保持原句意思)_you_hecangothere.3.Ifyouarestrictinyourstudy,youllcatchupwiththem.(保持原句意思)_strictinyourstudy,_youllcatchupwiththem.4.Thinkitover,oryouwontgettherightanswer.(保持原句意思)_you_thinkitover,youwontgettherightanswer.,Neither,nor,Either,or,Be,and,If,dont,5.Iarrivedearlyinordertogetagoodviewofsunrise.(保持原句意思)Iarrivedearly_Icouldgetagoodviewofsunrise.6.Ericawasill,soshedidntgotoschoolyesterday.(保持原句意思)Ericadidntgotoschool_shewasillyesterday.7.Bothhismotherandhisfatherareworkers.(改为句意相反）_hismothernorhisfather_aworker.,sothat,because,Neither,is,宾语从句,概念：句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式充当，当一个句子充当宾语时，我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句的三要点：1、引导词-疑问代词，副词2、从句语序-陈述句3、从句的时态-依情况而定,一、引导词：取决于从句的语气,1.从句是陈述句时，引导词用that.KatewillgowithLily.Hetellsme_.2.从句是一般疑问句时，引导词用if或whether.Isheateacher?Iaskher_.3.从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词用特殊疑问词。WhereisTomsbook?Sheasks_.,thatKatewillgowithLily,whetherheisateacher,whereTomsbookis,二、从句语序：一律用陈述语序主句+引导词+主语+谓语动词+其他,HeaskedmewhenIarrivedinShanghai.Iwanttoknowwheretheywillgo.Couldyoutellmewhatyouarereading?Idontknowwherehelives.,三、主、从句的时态呼应,1.主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态。2.主句是一般过去时，从句用过去范畴的时态。3.主句是一般过去时，但从句表达的是客观真理或自然现象时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g:Hesaysthatheisreadingabooknow.Hesaidthathewouldworkhard.TheysaidtheyhadbeentoFrance.Thestudentsaskedmeiftheearthgoesroundthesun.,1、考虑连接词,2、考虑人称,3、考虑时态,4、考虑语序,Wehavevisitedseveralcountriesroundtheworld.,2、主语变they,Mrs.Zhoutoldus,that,theyhadvisitedseveralcountriesroundtheworld.,1、陈述句用that,3、主句过去时态变had,4、语序陈述不变,1.Iamgoingtoplaythepianothismorning.Shesays_.,2.Youcancelebrateitbyyourself.Itellher_.,3.Itmustbeaspaceship.Katethinks_.,thatsheisgoingtoplaythepianothatmorning,thatshecancelebrateitbyherself,thatitmustbeaspaceship,Peoplecollectthewoodonthatday.Theytoldme_.Theywilltellme_.,2.Thesunrisesfromtheeast.Mymotherhastoldme_.Mymotherhadtoldme_.,peoplecollectedthewoodonthatday,peoplecollectthewoodonthatday,thesunrisesfromtheeast,thesunrisesfromtheeast,1、主句为现在时态，从句时态不受主句约束。2、从句为客观真理，从句时态不受主句约束3、主句为过去时态，从句改为相应过去时态。,1、Tomgoestherebybus.Hetoldme_.,2.Mr.Zhouistravelingall