高三英语复习必修1 Module 5＆Module 6外研社知识精讲

高三英语高三英语复习必修复习必修 1 1 ModuleModule 5 5ModuleModule 6 6 外研社外研社 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 复习必修 1 Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications 二. 教学重点： 复习回顾必修 1 5也不能用于被动语态。A，B 语态不正确；C is made from 由制成， 成品中看不出原来的材料。 例 The Chinese _ fifty six nationalities，each of whom has their own characteristics. A. is consisted of B. consists in C. is made of D. consists of 解析 答案为 D consist ofbe made up of，没有被动语态；consist in 在 于；所以 B 不正确；C be made of 由制成，语意不正确。 4. create/discover/invent/find/find out create 意为“创造” ，即创造出原来不存在或与众不同的事物，其对象往往是 精神上的，如艺术，文艺作品中的人物等。 例句：Weve created a beautiful new building from out of an old ruin. 我们从废墟上创建了一幢漂亮的新楼。 invent 意为“发明” ，指通过劳动，运用聪明才智“发明创造”出以前从未 存在过的新事物。 例句：Who invented the telephone? 是谁发明电话的？ He invented a new teaching method. 他发明了一种新的教学方法。 find 意为“找到、发现” ，指找到或发现自己所需要的东西或丢失的东西，着 重指找到的结果。 例句：Weve found oil under the South Sea. 我们已在南海发现了石油。 discover 意为“发现” ，表示“偶然”或“经过努力”发现客观存在的事物、 真理或错误，即指发现原来客观存在但不为人所知的事物，也可表示发现已为人所 知的事物的新的性质或用途。 例句：Columbus discovered America in1492. 哥伦布在 1492 年发现了美洲。 find out 指经过研究或询问查明某事或真相。 【真题链接】 例 Charles Babbage is generally consideredthe first computer.（NMET1993） A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented 解析 答案为 C 本题容易误选为 B，误选的原因主要是受“consider doing sth.”这一句型的影响，把 consider 当成“思考，考虑”理解了，而此句中的 consider 作“认为，以为”解，后跟不定式，构成“consider sb. to do sth.” ， 该句用的是其被动结构，且不定式的动作是发生在主句的谓语动作之前，故选不定 式的完成式，所以 A，B，D 均不正确。 5. include，contain include 包含，侧重指整体里“包含”个体。 “包含” ，表示主动意义， included“包括” ，表示被动意义。 例句：The United Kingdom includes Northern Ireland and Wales. 联合王国包括北爱尔兰和威尔士。 contain 包含侧重指整体里面“包含”某些成分。 例句：Vegetables contain a lot of vitamins. 蔬菜富含大量维生素。 【真题链接】 例 The main subjects I studied at school _ Chinese，maths，English，physics，chemistry and computer. A. is included B. included C. including D. include 解析 答案为 B including 是介词 A，C，D 三项均不合适。由句意及时态 便可以确定，本题要考查的是动词作谓语。 三、重点句型 1. It is important to know how they react with different substances，for example，water and oxygen. 了解它们如何同像水、氧气这样不同的物质发生反应是非常重要的。 （1）it 是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式 to 后面的部分。 （2）how 引导的句子作 know 的宾语。 （3）react with 同发生反应。 （4）for example 是不完全列举， “例如” 。完全列举时用 that is。 【相关链接】 以 it 作形式主语或形式宾语的动词有： feel，consider，find，believe，make，take，imagine，think，suppose, count, regard 等。在这种结构中，被替代的成分要置于句尾。 2. Leave the tube for one week. 把试管放置一个星期。 （1）leave 此处意为“维持，使保持一定状态” ，允许在某一种状态。 （2）leave 作“离开”讲时是及物动词；作“去，出发”讲时，是不及物动词； 还可作“遗忘，忘掉”讲，与 forget 义近，但搭配不一样，leave sth. 地点状 语，而 forget 只加 sth.，不加地点。 例句：I left my dictionary in my dormitory. I forgot my dictionary. 【相关链接】 leave 作“维持，保持某一状态”讲时，其结构经常是：后跟副词、分词、介 词，形容词等作宾语补足语的复合结构。 例句：I am sorry I have left you waiting for me for so long time. 对不起，让您久等了。 His answer left me unhappy. 他的答案让我不高兴。 Its bitter to leave some things unsaid. 有些事情最好别说。 3. He designed the first“web browser” ，which allowed computer users to access documents from other computers. 他设置了第一个网络浏览器，这可以使电脑运用者得到其他电脑的文件。 这是一个由 which 引导的非限制性定语从句。短语 allow sb. to do sth.的意 思是“允许某人做某事” 。 【相关链接】 比较 as，which 引导的非限制性定语从句：两者都可引导定语从句，但在句子 的意思和在句中的位置上有所差异:as 有时含有“如同”的意思，而 which 则不具 备这个意思。as 引导的定语从句，可以放在句首，句中，或者句末，而 which 引 导的定语从句则不能放到句首。 4. It would be much better if we spent the time working on a computer. 如果我们在电脑上工作，情况会好很多。 这是个虚拟语气的实际运用，表示与现在或将来相反的假设。句子结构是： （1）与现在事实相反：主句是：If 主语动词过去时，主句为：主语 would （should，could，might）动词原形。 （2）与将来事实相反：主句是：If主语动词的过去时should动词原 形were to动词原形，主句是：主语would（should，could，might）动词 原形。 【相关链接】 比较与过去相反的虚拟语气的句子结构：与过去相反的虚拟语气：从句形式是： If主语had过去分词；主句形式是：主语would（should，could，might） have动词的过去分词。 四、重点语法 （一）掌握英语中倍数的表达法 1. A is. times adj.adv.（比较级）thanB 例句：The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River. 长江差不多比珠江长两倍。 The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one. 这本字典比那本恰好贵 5 倍。 2. A is. times asadj. adv.（原级）as B 例句 This concert hall is four times as large as that one. 这个音乐厅是那个音乐厅的四倍大。 3. A is. times the size（height，length，width，depth）of B 例句：Ive paid five times the usual price for the stamp. 我出了 5 倍于往常的价格买这枚邮票。 The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one. 扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。 The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one. 扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。 【相关链接】 （1）掌握“the比较级（主谓） ，the比较级（主谓） ；比较级 比较级”的句式的表达及语义；本模块听力部分中出现了这样的句子:Its getting brighter and brighter. The closer you are，the more you will see.第 一句中的“比较级比较级”句式，表示某事物正在发生变化，意思是“越来 越”第二句中的“the比较级（主谓） ，the比较级 （主谓） ”句 式，表示一方随另一方的程度而变化，意思是“越，越” 。 （2）双方比较，表示一方超过另一方的程度或数时可在比较级前加表示程度 的副词，如 even，a lot，a bit，still，much，far，yet，by far 等修饰。 例句：He works even harder than before. 注意：very 不可修饰比较级。 （二）合成词 合成词由两个词或更多的词构成。它包括：合成名词、合成形容词、合成动词 等。 1. 合成名词 （1）名词名词：space-ship 宇宙飞船 raincoat，wheelchair，earthquake，seaweed，necklace，etc （2）动名词名词：washing-room（洗手间） ，reading-room（阅览室） （3）形容词名词：top-speed（高速） （4）动词名词：pickpocket（扒手） （5）动词副词：break-up（终止） （6）名词动名词：handwriting（书法） （7）副词动词：out-break（发生） （8）名词介词名词 daughter-in-law（儿媳） （9）介词名词：by-product（副产品） 2. 合成形容词 合成形容词是由两个或两个以上的词构成的，在词性上是形容词词性的就是复 合形容词。通常合成形容词被看做是一个单词，常放在所修饰的词的前面。 （1）形容词现在分词：ordinary-looking（相貌一般的） （2）形容词名词的 ed 形式：warm-hearted（热心肠的） （3）副词动词的过去分词 well-known（著名的） （4）名词动词的现在分词：peace-loving（热爱和平的） （5）名词动词的过去分词 man-made（人造的） （6）名词形容词：duty-free（免费的） （7）数词名词的-ed 形式 three-legged（三条腿的） （8）数词名词形容词：（one）hundred-metre-long（bridge） （一）百 米长的（桥） （9）副词动词的现在分词：hard-working（努力工作的） （10）特殊的、不常见的复合形容词：never-to-be-forgotten（忘不了的） 3. 合成动词 副词动词：ill-treat 虐待 under-go 经历 over-hear（无意）听见 over- throw 推翻 名词/代词动词：water-ski 滑水 mass-produce 大规模生产 sleep-walk 梦游 形容词动词：black-list 列入黑名单 white-wash 粉刷 safe-guard 保卫 【模拟试题】 单项填空 1. Grandmother is in _ good health, which is _ pleasure to us. A. a; the B. a; a C. 不填; a D. 不填;不填 2. Some studies even suggest that playing more _ bigger brains that are _ at reasoning and learning. A. refers to; good B. turns to; better C. sticks to; good D. leads to; better 3. -Do I have to take that Japanese course? - No, you _. A. havent B. mustnt C. dont have D. neednt 4. Shanghai is _ that we can hardly visit all the beautiful parks in two or three days. A. so a large city B. such large a city C. so large a city D. a such large city 5. Peter wishes now that he _ English instead of Russian when he was in high school. A. had studied B. studied C. study D. has studied 6. They discussed the problem three or four times, but could come to no _. A. end B. conclusion C. result D. judgment 7. Many teens dont get enough sleep because they have too much homework, which _ them up at night. A. makes B. breaks C. turns D. keeps 8. Bekoff has found animals sometimes try not to hit or bite, especially _ they are playing with a weaker partner. A. if B. before C. unless D. when 9. The population in some parts of the world has _ doubled in the past ten years. A. more than B. as many as C. larger than D. so much as 10. _ a great leader that cannot be easily replaced, Arafats death leaves Palestine _ an uncertain future. A. Like; in B. As; with C. With; in D. As; to 11. - Im not feeling well today. - Why _ a doctor? A. not go and see B. not going and seeing C. to go and to see D. do you go and see 12. _ seems like science fiction is not completely unlikely. A. It B. Which C. What D. That 13. So little _ about mathematics that the lecture was completely beyond me. A. I know B. I knew C. do I know D. did I know 14. _ with the picture, Mary tore it to pieces. A. Dissatisfying thoroughly B. To dissatisfy thoroughly C. Thoroughly dissatisfied D. To be thoroughly dissatisfied 15. He is _ a writer than a reporter. A. more B. rather C. not so much D. not such 完形填空 Humans have hunted colorful and wild creatures since the Stone Age. And Gabby Salazar, an American teenager is _16_ different from her ancestors（祖先）in her _17_ to track down（追捕）animals. _18_ Gabby doesnt shoot animals with a gun, she uses her camera to _19_ beautiful images of wildlife. Now the teenager has found herself in the spotlight after a _20_ she took of a green lizard（蜥蜴）won her the award Young Wildlife Photographer of the Year 2020, on October 20. _21_ a member of the North American Nature Photographers Association, the 17-year-old, from North Carolina, _22_ she can encourage people to _23_ wildlife. “Were trying to educate people about the environment by using photographs _24_ by our members,” she said. “I jumped around a little bit-went _25_ and screamed for a couple of minutes,” Gabby said of her reaction（反应）to winning the _26_. Wildlife Photographer of the Year is the worlds most important wildlife photographic competition. It is _27_ each year by the Natural History Museum in London and BBC Wildlife Magazine. Gabby began to take _28_ at the age of 12, _29_ her father gave her a camera as a gift. It is mainly from her father, an amateur（业余的） photographer that she has _30_ her skills. On family vacations they _31_ carry big bags of photographic equipment with them. She has traveled to many places within the US _32_ Russia, in her short photography career（生涯）. She says she also wants to travel and take pictures in China. Despite her _33_, Gabby says she will study chemistry in college, not _34_. “Photography for me isnt about trying to shoot the world,” she said. “Taking pictures just makes me _35_, and Im going to continue to do it as long as I enjoy it.” 16. A. no B. little C. quite D. very 17. A. hope B. dream C. desire D. wish 18. A. So B. Though C. For D. But 19. A. make B. shoot C. hunt D. get 20. A. picture B. camera C. gun D. drawing 21. A. Like B. As C. From D. To 22. A. hopes B. believes C. wishes D. suggests 23. A. kill B. save C. shoot D. protect 24. A. taken B. caught C. drawn D. brought 25. A. inside B. outside C. away D. there 26. A. picture B. photo C. award D. lizard 27. A. organized B. taken place C. happened D. held up 28. A. photos B. actions C. measures D. turns 29. A. which B. when C. where D. what 30. A. heard B. kept C. learnt D. stopped 31. A. sometimes B. seldom C. never D. always 32. A. as well as B. as long as C. as far as D. as much as 33. A. camera B. career C. success D. family 34. A. maths B. physics C. art D. photography 35. A. rich B. happy C. healthy D. successful 阅读理解 （A） Nine years ago, after Leo had died, people said to me, “I never knew he was your stepfather.” You see, I never called him that. At first, he was no one special in my life. Then he became my friend. In time, I felt he was also my father. Leo married my mother when I was eleven. Two years later we moved into a house in a new suburban（郊区的）development, where we put down roots. At first our lawn （草坪）was just a pile of mud with wild grass, but Leo saw bright possibilities. “Well plant trees there to give us shade as well as some flowers,” he said. And just these little touches made our house different from all the others. More important, a real family was forming within this house, with its own special traditions. Leo was becoming a fulltime parent, and I was learning what it meant to have a father. Weekday mornings when the weather was bad, Leo often drove me to school. Having a father drop you off may have been something my classmates took for granted, but I always thought it was wonderful. Saturday mornings, we went to the hardware（五金）shop, then stepped into the five and ten, buying a sports magazine or something else. Some people might think that doing shopping together is nothing special, but I, who had ever before spent my childhood watching other families do their everyday activities, experienced them now with extreme delight. Looking back, I realized that Leo gave me what I needed most, the experience of doing ordinary things together as a family. Soon after we moved to the suburbs, one of our new neighbors introduced herself to me. She had already met my mother and Leo. “You know,” she said, “you look just like your father.” I knew she was just making conversation but even so. “Thank you”, I said. Why tell her anything different? 36. The writers purpose in writing this passage is _. A. to share her unforgettable experiences B. to show how interesting a person Leo was C. to remind us of our parents D. to explain why they moved to the suburbs 37. Which of the following can be used in place of “put down roots”? A. Settled. B. Planted. C. Farmed. D. Worked. 38. In the writers opinion, _. A. it is not easy for stepfamilies to live together B. not all the stepfathers are as good as Leo C. the husband and wife must think more about their children before they divorce（离婚） D. in stepfamilies the love and friendship are extremely precious 39. When he said “Why tell her anything different”, the writer meant that _. A. he should have told her the truth B. he wouldnt tell her the truth C. he wanted to tell her something that had nothing to do with Leo D. hed like to keep silence whenever he met the neighbors （B） The modern Olympic Games were founded with the intention of improving health and education, promoting world peace, and encouraging fair and equal competition. But over the years, the Olympic saying, “faster, higher, stronger”, has pushed scientists as well as athletes to do everything possible to reach new levels. Doctors, engineers and coaches all use everything science has to offer to achieve that little bit extra in competition. The reason modern technology has become part of sport is very simple: winning is just as important as it was 2, 500 years ago at the Olympics of ancient Greece. Developments in technology have often been reflected in the methods of training and performance at the Olympics through history. This technology falls into two main groups: improving an athletes performance in competition, and allowing results to be measured more accurately. One of the creations that has drawn the most attention is the new high-tech swimsuit from Speedo, which was used by many US swimmers in Athens. Until Sydney 2000, it was thought that the smaller the swimsuit, the faster the swimmer would travel. “However, the fact that at the Sydney Olympics, 28 of the 33 gold medalists were wearing the body covering Fastskin suit proved the theory was out of date,” said Andy Thomas, vice-president of Speedo. The companys full body suit is supposed to make swimmers 3 to 4 percent faster, particularly when turning or diving into the water. It is believed that the suit creates less water