2020届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 17 Laughter讲练精品学案 北师大版选修6

Module 6Unit 17Laughter1amuse vt.使欢乐，逗高兴；使发笑，给提供娱乐，消遣【精讲拓展】(1)amused adj.被逗乐的，愉快的；顽皮的be amused at/by.The audience was amused by the performance.观众被这个表演逗乐了。She wore on her face an amused look.她脸上带着顽皮的神情。(2)amusing adj.有趣的，好玩的，引人发笑的It was amusing to watch the trained elephants performance.观看受过训练的大象表演很有趣。He told some amusing jokes after dinner.他在晚饭后讲了几则令人捧腹的笑话。(3)amusement n欢乐，娱乐，消遣To our amusement，the actor jumped on and off the stage.令我们感到有趣的是，那个演员从舞台跳上跳下。A clowns job is to amuse the spectators.小丑的工作就是逗乐观众。Ive brought with me an article from yesterdays paper that I thought might amuse you.我带来了昨天报上的一篇文章，或许可以让你开怀一笑。剑桥高阶He amused himself by playing the flute.他吹笛自娱。【典型例句】即学即用完成句子Everyone _ _ _ the story about the dog.大家听了关于那条狗的故事都笑起来了。He told an _ story as a leadin to the serious part of his speech.他讲了一个有趣的故事作他演说中重要内容的引子。His jokes _ the whole table.他讲的笑话把满桌人都逗笑了。答案：was amused byamusingamused2response n回答，反应，响应；respond vi.作答，回答，作出反应；响应,(对治疗等)有良好反应；(对操纵等)作出灵敏反应【精讲拓展】in response to make a/no response to respond toManagement has granted a 10% pay rise in response to Unionpressure.面对工会的压力，资方以加薪10%应对。 剑桥高阶She laughed in response to his jokes.她听了他的笑话大笑。The government has responded to pressure and dropped theproposal.政府已在压力下放弃了这一建议。The patient is responding well to treatment.病人对治疗反应良好。reply/answer/respond(1)reply：“回答，答复”，正式用语，指以书面形式答复，也指用行动回应，在辩论中回敬。除了后面带直接引语和that引导的宾语从句外，一般只作不及物动词。常用作拟人化，常用词组：in reply to 回答，答复。I answered your letter by sending a postcard last Sunday and have been waiting for time to reply to it.上周我寄了一张明信片来回复你的信，此后一直等时间复信。Do you intend to reply to this attack on your character?对这种对你品行的攻击你打算回敬吗？【词语辨析】(2)answer：“回答，答复”，普通用词，常指口头回答问题，答复争论。Usually you use words to answer a question but not always.You might answer by shaking your head or shrugging your shoulder.通常你用言语回答问题，但并不是总这样，你可以摇头或耸肩以示回答。(3)respond：“反应，响应”，指通过口头或行动做出相关反应，并且常常是即刻地或毫不犹豫地做出反应。即学即用To my surprise，he _ to my question only by shaking his head slightly.Aanswered BRepliedCresponded Dreflect解析：句意：令我吃惊的是，他对我问题的反应仅仅是轻微的摇摇头，根据句意，只能用respond表示反应，而answer，reply 只能表示回答。答案：C3.withdraw vt.收回；取回；提取，取消；撤回；撤销，撤退，撤离；使退出【典型例句】This credit card allows you to withdraw up to 200 a dayfrom cash dispensers.这张信用卡允许你每天从自动取款机中提取200英镑。 剑桥高阶The motion was withdrawn.那项动议被撤销了。The troops are being gradually withdrawn.部队正被渐渐撤回。I withdrew what I said.我收回我说的话。即学即用After his heavy defeat in the local elections，the senator(参议员) decided to _ from the campaign for the Presidency(任期)Aabandon BRenounceCwithdraw Dwithhold解析：本句所填选项应为“退出选举”，故选C。答案：C4delay v延缓；使延期，耽搁；延误n. 延迟；耽搁UC【精讲拓展】delay doing. a delay of two hours without delay【典型例句】The accident delayed the train for two hours.事故使火车耽搁了两小时。I think we should delay deciding about this until next year.我认为我们应该等到明年再决定这件事。 剑桥高阶There was a delay (of two hours) before the plane took off.飞机起飞推迟了(两个小时)Long delays are predicted on the motorway because of theaccident.由于这起事故，预计在高速公路上会出现长时间的交通延误。 剑桥高阶即学即用The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any _ when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April,2020;2020.(2020;2020福建，29)Adelay BEffortCschedule Dconsideration解析：名词词义辨析。delay：耽搁，延误；effort：努力；schedule：时间表；consideration：考虑，体谅；关心。句意：当H1N1型流感在2020;2020年4月袭击墨西哥时，世界卫生组织毫不犹豫地向人们发出了警告。答案：A5acknowledge vt.承认；就表示谢意；告知收到(信件等)【精讲拓展】acknowledge.to be/as./acknowledge doing.【典型例句】He was acknowledged to be the best player.他被公认为是最佳选手。Joe is acknowledged as the best basketball player of the year.乔被公认为是今年最佳篮球选手。I acknowledge that her criticism is just.我承认她的批评是公正的。It is universally acknowledged that dogs have an acute senseof smell.大家都认为狗的嗅觉敏锐。The candidate waved his hands to acknowledge the cheers of the crowd.候选人挥手对大众的欢呼表示感谢。Please acknowledge receipt of (say that you have received) this letter. 收到此信，请复函告知。 剑桥高阶即学即用She acknowledged _ something wrong.Ahaving done Bto have doneCto do Dbeing done解析：承认做某事：acknowledge doing.。答案：A6resist vt.抵抗，反抗；抗拒；(常用于否定句)忍耐，忍住【精讲拓展】resist sth./doing sth.【典型例句】The nation was unable to resist the invasion.该国无力抵抗侵略。A healthy body resists disease.健康的身体能抵御疾病。When ordered to work late，we didnt resist.被命令加班时，我们没有反抗。 美国传统即学即用Although he is a teenager，Tom could resist _ what to do and what not to do.Atelling Bbeing told Cto tell Dto be told解析：考查resist doing sth.，根据句意应为被动，故选B。答案：B7forbid vt.(forbade，forbidden)【精讲拓展】forbid sb. to do sth. forbid (sb.) doing sth.forbid sb. sth.【典型例句】The new law forbids smoking in offices.新法律禁止在办公室抽烟。I forbid you to go.我不许你去。 美国传统They forbade people to swim in the river.他们不准人们在这河里游泳。Their parents forbade their marriage.他们的父母禁止他们结婚。即学即用I forbid _ here.Who has permitted you _ here?Asmoke；smoking Bsmoking；to smokeCsmoking；smoking Dto smoke；smoking解析：本题考查forbid vt.“禁止”，虽然forbid sb.to do sth.即forbid后接to do sth.作宾补，但却只能接动名词，而非不定式作宾语，即forbid doing sth.，而allow与permit，advise用法也是如此，故本题选B。答案：BMary wanted to travel around the world all by herself，but her parents did not _ her to do so.(全国，15)Aforbid Ballow Cfollow Dask解析：本题考查allow的用法，allow sb. to do sth.。答案：B8convince vt.使确信，使信服；convincing adj.使人信服的，有说服力的；convinced adj.信服的，相信的【精讲拓展】convince sb.of sth./that.convince sb.to do.persuade “劝说，说服”。常接“sb. into/out of doing sth.或to dosth.”的结构，表示拿出明显的理由去说服某人做某事。有时也可接of sth.结构，说明某事物的真相。接that从句，说明某事物是真的。They persuaded us into/out of going(to go/not to go)to the party.他们说服我们去/不去参加那次聚会。She was not persuaded of the truth of his statement.她不相信他的声明是真实的。【典型例句】He convinced me of his innocence.他使我相信他是无辜的。He was convinced of her innocence.他确信她是无辜的。More clues convinced us we were on the right track.更多迹象使我们确信我们的做法对路。 美国传统Ive been trying to convince him to see a doctor.我一直劝他去看病。即学即用Scientists are convinced _ the positive effect of laughter _ physical and mental health.(2020;2020江西，23)Aof，at Bby，in Cof，on Don，at解析：convince sb.of；effect on.，故选C。答案：C1push ones way挤过，挤到【精讲拓展】feel ones way 摸索着前进fight ones way 奋勇前进elbow/shoulder ones way用胳膊/肩膀挤着前进【典型例句】He pushed his way to the front of the crowd.他挤到人群的前面。An angry man，who had been queuing for some time，pushedhis way to the desk.一个等了一段时间的男人生气地挤到桌子前。The police elbowed their way through the crowd.警察挤过人群。 美国传统即学即用How did you find your bag in darkness?By _ the way step by step.Ataking BPushingCsending Dmaking解析：push ones way同fight/feel/shoulder ones way，较make ones way(去/到)更体现动作之艰难，故也更形象，则更合乎step by step“一步一步地”，而take the way“抄/走某条路”，send the way无此用法。答案：B2get rid of摆脱，除去rid.of.除去【精讲拓展】get 的短语get away逃走、逃掉get along / on well with与和睦相处get back回来 get hold of抓住get in收获，进来 get into陷入，染上get off / get on下来/上车get through(使)通过，打通电话get up起床 get down to开始认真对待get over克服，爬过get.back for.把给取回来You need to get rid of some junk！你得扔掉些垃圾！ 美国传统I wish I could get rid of this cold；its been hanging about for two or three days now.我希望能摆脱这场感冒；两三天来我一直像是要患感冒的样子。Hes gone，and Im glad to rid myself of this irritating fellow.他走了，我很高兴摆脱了这个叫人生气的家伙。It is difficult to rid clothes of cooking smell.把厨房的油烟味从衣服上去掉是很难的。【典型例句】即学即用If I ruled the world，I would _ the world _ everything that is bad.Aget rid of；by Bbe rid of；byCrid；of Dget rid；of解析：本题考查rid作动词的用法rid.of.。答案：CThe final examination is coming up soon.Its time for us to _ our studies.Aget down to Bget outCget back for Dget over解析：get down to 意为“开始认真做某事”。句意：快要期末考试了，所以到了认真学习的时候了。答案：AI couldnt _.The line is busy.Ago by Bgo around Cget in Dget through解析：get through 打通电话，根据句意，应为没有打通电话。答案：DI tried phoning her office，but I couldnt _.(2020;2020全国,27)Aget along Bget on Cget to Dget through解析：句意：我试着拨了她的办公室电话，但不通。仍考查get through。答案：DHave you _？No.I had dialed the wrong number.(2020;2020四川，5)Agot in Bgot away Cgot off Dgot through答案：D3.result in导致，结果是【精讲拓展】(1)result from 由于，产生于，由引起Nothing had resulted from our efforts.我们的努力没有产生什么结果。His illness resulted from bad food.他的病是由于吃了变质的食物所致。(2)as a result结果，因此As a result，he had to leave.结果他只得离开。(3)as a result of由于He was late as a result of the snow.由于大雪他迟到了。As a result of the serious flood，twothirds of the buildings in the areaneed repairing.由于严重的洪灾，这个地区三分之二的房屋需要维修。The negotiations resulted in a new treaty.谈判的结果是签定了新条约。美国传统Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration.紧张和疲劳常使人精神不集中。A diet with no exercise is bad for the health，because it will resultin a loss of both fat and muscle tissue.不锻炼光节食是有害于健康的，因为它将在导致脂肪损失的同时，也导致肌肉组织的损失。【典型例句】即学即用Any damage _ carelessness must be paid for by the borrower.Aresulting from Bresulting inCresulted from Dresulted in解析：根据句意，应为由什么引起，故选result from。答案：A4run into撞到；偶遇【精讲拓展】run about到处跑,(孩子们)自由玩耍 run across偶然遇到run after追逐，追踪 run out(常与of连用)用光；耗 尽run a company 经营公司 run dry 变干The bus got out of control and ran into a wall.公共汽车失去控制，撞上了墙。I ran into an old girlfriend yesterday.It brought back memories.昨天我无意中遇见旧时女友，唤起一些昔日的记忆。Graham ran into someone he used to know at school the other day.格雷厄姆前几天偶然遇到一个过去的校友。剑桥高阶The project is running into financial difficulties.这一项目遇到了财务困难。【典型例句】即学即用Im still working on my project.Oh，youll miss the deadline.Time is _.(2020;2020江苏，31)Arunning out Bgoing outCgiving out Dlosing out解析：run out(时间、金钱等的)耗尽；give out精疲力竭。由句意可知，A项正确。答案：Aabove all首先；尤其是；最重要的是at all(否定句)丝毫；根本(疑问句、条件句及肯定句内表示强调)究竟I dont like her at all.我一点都不喜欢她。Is it at all possible that he alone can drink ten bottles of beer？难道他真的能独个儿喝十瓶啤酒吗？not at all不要客气“Thank you for your help.”“Not at all.” “感谢您的帮助。”“别客气。”first of all 第一，首先all in精疲力竭She felt all in after shopping.上街采购后她感到累坏了。in all总共5after all毕竟；终究；到底【精讲拓展】【典型例句】It turned out that he went by train after all.结果他还是乘火车去的。The rain has stopped，so the game will go ahead after all.雨已经停了，所以比赛还会继续下去。Dont blame him for breaking that vase；after all he is a child.别怪他打碎那个花瓶，他毕竟是小孩子嘛。The play came to an end after all.这场戏总算结束了。即学即用I hope my boyfriend will be handsome，strong and _kind.Aabove all Bin all Cat all Dafter all解析：考查above all“首先；尤其是；最重要的是”。答案：AChildren need many things，but _ they need love.Aabove all Bin all Cafter all Dat all答案：AWhy are you so anxious？It isnt your problem _.(2020;2020浙江，19)Aon purpose Bin all Con time Dafter all解析：句意：为什么如此紧张？那毕竟不是你的问题。 Afterall“毕竟；终究；到底”符合题意。答案：Dturn in归还；就寝；将某人交给警方拘押turn up出现，到达；开大音量turn on打开；依赖；突然攻击某人turn off关掉(煤气，水，电，收音机，电视机等)turn out证明是，结果是turn down关小；拒绝turn into 把变成，译成turn to 翻到；求助于turn over翻身，翻转；移交，交付turn away 转过脸，不面对或不再看；拒绝帮助；拒绝某人进入某处take turns (at) doing sth./to do sth.依次，轮流做某事in turn结果，反过来；依次by turns依次6turn sb. off令某人讨厌；turn sb. on使对感兴趣【精讲拓展】【典型例句】Pop music may turn you on，but it turns me off.通俗音乐可能引起你的兴趣。但它却使我失去胃口。The radio turned me off，so I turned it off.电台(节目)让我恶心，所以我把它给关了。I was really turned off by his bad manners.他的无礼令我真的很讨厌。The profits are not high，but the company turns over alarge sum every year.利润并不高，但是该公司每年的营业额都很大。剑桥高阶即学即用The cinema was full and a lot of people had to be _.Aturned in Bturned againstCturned over Dturned away答案：DThrough the reform，the economic situation of China _ much better than it used to.Aturned into Bturned offCturned to Dturned out答案：DSo，how is your new roommate?She really _.She s always making loud noises at midnight and when I remind her，she always makes ruled remarks.Aturns me over Bturns me offCturns me down Dturns me out答案：B7regardless of 不管；不顾【精讲拓展】in spite of 尽管I went out in spite of the rain.尽管下雨我仍外出了。despite不管；不顾He went to work despite his illness.尽管生病，他还是去工作。Despite advanced years，she is learning to drive.尽管年事已高，她还在学开车。【典型例句】This job is open to all，regardless of previous experience.这份工作任何人都可以应聘，不管其以前的工作经历如何。剑桥高阶Regardless of how creative and skillful you are，we urgeyou not to do this.不论你多么有创造力和富有技巧，请你一定不要这样做。They decorated the house regardless of cost.他们不惜工本装修房子。She knew it was dangerous to visit him except at night，butshe set out regardless (of the risk)虽然她知道除了晚上别的时候去看他都很危险，可她还是(不顾危险)动身去了。剑桥高阶即学即用Everyone in this country enjoys the same right_religion，race or sex.(南京调研)Aregardless of Bin view ofCin spite of Din case of解析：考查介词短语。regardless of意思是“不管，不顾”；“in view of考虑到，由于”；in spite of意思是“尽管”；in case of意思是“万一”。根据题干可知，A项符合语境。句意：在这个国家里，不论宗教、种族或性别，人人享受同样的权利。答案：A8o sth.使某人进入、达到某种状态或情形【典型例句】After he lost his job，he got into debt.他失业后就欠了一屁股债。 剑桥高阶Do not get nosy，or youll get into trouble！别好管闲事，不然你会惹麻烦的！Are you trying to get me into trouble？你是不是在想方设法让我麻烦缠身？ 剑桥高阶We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。即学即用How long have you _ trouble?For two weeks.Agot into Bbeen inCgot to know the Dgot out of解析：此题应表示处于困境的状态，故选B。答案：B1Have you ever had trouble trying to spell a word？你曾经在拼写一个单词时有过困难吗？【精讲拓展】have trouble/ difficulty (in) doing sth. have trouble/difficulty with sth.在做某事方面有困难Tom has little trouble/ difficulty (in) pronouncing Englishwords.汤姆在读英语单词方面没什么困难。Tom has little trouble/ difficulty with his Englishpronunciation.汤姆在英语发音方面没什么困难。(1)类似的结构have problems in doing sth.have a good time doing sth.have a hard time doing sth.(2)其他与trouble有关的词组：get into trouble 招致不幸，陷入困境get out of trouble (使)摆脱不幸(困境)；(使)免受责骂(处罚)be a trouble to.对是一个麻烦(或讨厌的人)give sb.trouble 麻烦人家make trouble 闹事，捣乱make trouble for 给带来麻烦ask for trouble 口自讨苦吃，自找麻烦 ( look for trouble)即学即用You cant imagine what difficulty we had _ home in the snowstorm.(2020;2020辽宁，34)Awalked Bwalk Cto walk Dwalking解析：本题考查have difficulty doing sth.结构。答案：D2One unfortunate checkin agent was dealing with all thepassengers when an angry man，who had been waitingin line for some time，pushed his way to the front.一个不走运的负责登记的工作人员正在处理乘客问题,这时候,一个已经等了很久很生气的乘客,冲到前面来了。【精讲拓展】when起一个并列连词的作用，表示前一个动作正在进行时突然发生此事。多用于以下句型：be doing.when.正在做某事，这时候I was walking on the street yesterday when I saw an old friend.昨天正在街上走着忽然碰上一个老朋友。be about to do/ be going to do.when.正要做某事这时候I was about to start when it began to rain.我正要动身，就开始下雨了。Lily was just going to the party when she felt ill.莉莉刚要去参加晚会，突然她感到不舒服。had just done.when.刚刚做好某事，这时候I had just finished my homework when my father came in.我刚做完家庭作业，父亲来了。I hadnt been asleep for long when the baby began to cry.我没睡多久，这时婴儿开始哭了。即学即用She had just finished her homework _ her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.(2020;2020福建，33)Awhen Bwhile Cafter Dsince解析：句意：昨天她刚做完作业，妈妈就让她练钢琴。when作并列连词，意为：and at that time。while作并列连词，表示“对比转折”；after为从属连词或介词，意为“在之后”；since自从时候，既然答案：A3.but Im so forgetful that I couldnt remember if 40 was spelledforty or fourty但我是如此健忘以至于我不记得四十是拼作forty还是fourty。【精讲拓展】so.that.如此以致于，that引导一个结果状语从句，常用于下列三个句式：soadj./adv.that.soadj.a/an单数名词 that.somany/much/few/littlen.that.He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.他跑得非常快，没人能追上他。He is so good a doctor that everybody loves and respects him.他是一位好医生，大家都尊敬并爱戴他。There were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters could not get close to the building.街上有那么多人观看大火，以至于消防队员无法接近大楼。soadj.在句首引起部分倒装：So difficult _ it to live in an Englishspeaking country that I determined to learn English well.AI have felt Bhave I felt CI did feel Ddid I feel解析：本题考查倒装结构，soadj.放于句首时，主句倒装，根据句意应为过去时，故选D。答案：Dsuch.that.作“如此以致”解，连接一个表示结果的状语从句。与so.that意思相同，但用法不同。如：so.that这一结构中，so后边可加形容词或副词，而such后边要用名词(这个名词前面可以带形容词，也可以不带)。因此，such.that的句型结构也可分以下三种：sucha(an)adj.单数可数名词that.suchadj.复数可数名词that.suchadj.不可数名词that.He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him.他非常聪明，大家都非常喜欢他。They are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again.这些小说非常有趣，我想再读一遍。He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.他进步得很快，老师们对他感到满意。【归纳拓展】注意：(1)如果名词前由many，much，few，little等词所修饰的话，则不用such而用so。He had so little education that he was unfit for this job.他所受教育很少，不适合做这个工作。He had so many falls that he was black and blue all o