人教版八年级上册英语短语与知识点归纳.ppt

LOGO,初中英语八年级上册要点,Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?Unit3Immoreoutgoingthanmysister.Unit4Whatsthebestmovietheater.Unit5Doyouwanttoagameshow?Unit6ImgoingtostudycomputerscienceUnit7Willpeoplehaverobots?Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?Unit9Canyoucometomyparty?Unit10Ifyougototheparty,youllhaveagreattime!,Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式：am,is-,are-,do-,see-,say-,give-,get-,go-,come-,have-,eat-,take-,run-,sing-,put-,make-,read-,write-,draw-,drink-,fly-,ride-,speak-,sweep-,swim-,sit-,is,am_fly_plant_are_drink_play_go_make_does_dance_worry_ask_taste_eat_draw_put_throw_kick_pass_do_,重点短语：（1）goonvacation去度假（3）stayathome呆在家（5）gotothemountains去爬山（7）gotothebeach去沙滩（9）visitmuseums参观博物馆（11）gotosummercamp去夏令营（13）quiteafew相当多，不少（15）studyfor为而学习（17）goout出去（19）mostofthetime大多数时间（21）tastegood尝起来不错（23）haveagoodtime过得愉快（25）ofcourse当然,（2）feellike感受到（4）goshopping去买东西（6）inthepast在过去（8）walkaround.四处走走（10）toomany太多（12）becauseof+短语because因为（14）onebowlof一碗。（16）findout查明，弄清（18）takephotos照相（20）somethingimportant重要的事情（22）upanddown上上下下（24）comeup上来（26）comedown下来,重点语法：（1）Wheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCity.（2）Didyougooutwithanyone?No,Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.（3）Didyoubuyanythingspecial?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.（4）Howwasthefood?Everythingtastedreallygood.（5）Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh，yes.Everythingwasexcellent.,习惯用法：（1）buysthforsb./buysb.sth为某人买某物（2）taste+adj.尝起来（3）nothing.but+V.(原形)除了之外什么都没有（4）seem+(tobe)+adj看起来（5）arrivein+大地方arriveat+小地方到达某地（6）decidetodosth.决定做某事（7）trydoingsth.尝试做某事（8）trytodosth.尽力做某事（9）tryonesbesttodosth尽力做某事（10）enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事,（11）wanttodosth.想去做某事（12）startdoingsth.开始做某事（13）stopdoingsth.停下正在做的事stoptodosth停下来去做另一件事（14）look+adj看起来（15）dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事（16）Whynotdosth.为什么不做.呢？（17）so.that.如此以至于（18）tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人（不要）做某事（19）keepdoingsth.继续做某事（20）forgettodosth.忘记去做某事forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事,1.anyone,someone,否定形式：nobody/noone,(1)表示“某人”，常用于否定句，疑问句E.g.Cananyonegowithyou?有人能和你一起去吗？,(2)指“任何人”时，也可用于肯定句。E.g.Anyonecanjoinourclub.任何人都可以加入我们的俱乐部。,(3)做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式E.g.Ifanyonecomes,pleaseaskhim(them)towaitforamoment.如果有人来，请让他（他们）稍等。,2.Quiteafew相当多；不少（修饰复数名词）AfewalittleFewlittle,3.(1)seem+形容词看起来.e.g.Youseemhappytoday.(2)seem+todosth.似乎、好像做某事e.g.Iseemtohaveacold(3)Iseems/seemed+从句看起来好像；似乎.e.g.Itseemsthatnoonebelieveyou.(4)seemlike.好像，似乎.e.g.Itseemslikeagodidea.,7becauseof因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。Hecanttakeawalkbecauseoftherain.because连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。Idontbuytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.,1.Sheisnewhere,soshehasfriendsatschool.A.muchB.fewC.littleD.alittle2.Hehadtoretireearlypoorhealth.A.asaresultB.becauseC.soD.becauseof3.Whatbadweatheritwas!Wedecided.A.togooutB.nottogooutC.tonotgooutD.notgoingout4.Didyoubuyyesterday?A.somethingspecialB.specialsomethingC.anythingspecialD.specialsomething5.Wehadgreatfuninthewater.A.playB.playedC.playingD.toplay6.Itsveryimportantforhimmelaugh.A.tomakeB.makingC.makesD.made,Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?,（1）helpsbwithsth帮助某人做某事（2）goshopping去买东西（3）onweekends在周末（4）howoften多少次（5）hardlyever几乎从不（6）onceaweek一星期一次（7）twiceamonth一个月两次（8）gotothemovies去看电影（9）everyday每天(everydayadj.日常的，每日的)（10）usetheInternet上网（11）befreebenotbusy=havetime有空（12）havedanceandpianolessons上舞蹈和钢琴课,（13）swingdance摇摆舞（14）playtennis打网球（15）stayuplate熬夜到很晚（16）gotosleep去睡觉（17）gotobed上床睡觉（18）atleast至少，不少于，起码（19）gotobedearly上床睡觉早（20）playsports做运动（21）begoodfor对.有好处（22）begoodatdoingsth擅长做某事（23）gocamping去野营（24）inonesfreetime在某人的业余时间里（25）themostpopular最受欢迎的（26）suchas例如.像.这样（27）gotothedentist看牙科医生,（28）morethan多于（29）oldhabitsliehard旧习难改（30）lessthan少于（31）junkfood垃圾食品（32）takecareofsb照料某人（33）lookaftersb照顾某人（34）havetodosth必须做某事（35）getin进入（36）belatefor迟到,语法要点：（1）Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?Ialwaysexercise.（2）Whatdotheydoonweekends?Theyoftenhelpmymotherwithhousework.（3）Whatdoesshedoonweekends?Shesometimesgoesshopping.（4）Howoftendoyougotothemovies?Igotothemoviesmaybeonceamonth.（5）HowoftendoeshewatchTV?HehardlyeverwatchesTV.（6）Doyougoshopping?No,Inevergoshopping.,习惯用法：1.helpsb.withsthhelpsbdosth帮助某人做某事2.Howaboutdoing?.怎么样？/.好不好？3.wantsb.todosth.想让某人做某事4.Howmany+可数名词复数+一般疑问句.有多少.5.主语+find+that从句发现6.Its+adj.+todosth.做某事是.的7.spendtimewithsb.和某人一起度过时光8.asksb.aboutsth.向某人询问某事9.bydoingsth.通过做某事10.Whatsyourfavorite.?你最喜欢的是什么？11startdoingsth.开始做某事12.thebestwaytodosth.做某事的最好方式13.befullof=befilledwith满的14.whataboutdoingsth？做某事怎么样？15.not.atall一点儿也不,1.Howoften,howlong,howsoon,howmanytimes(1)howoften“隔多久”，问频度。答语：onceaweek等(2)howlong“多久了”，问时间段。答语：fortwoweeks等(3)howsoon“多久以后”，常用于将来时。答语：intwodays等(4)howmanytimes“多少次”，问次数。答语：once,twice,threetimes等,1.percent百分数，基数词+percentpercent没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。e.g.Fortypercentofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.Thirtypercentoftimepassed.,Unit3Immoreoutgoingthanmysister,短语归纳与用法：（1）moreoutgoing更外向（2）thesingingcompetition唱歌比赛（3）besimilarto与相像的/类似的（4）thesameas和相同；与一致（5）bedifferentfrom与不同（6）careabout关心；介意（7）belikeamirror像一面镜子（8）themostimportant最重要的（9）aslongas只要；既然（10）bringout使显现；使表现出（11）getbettergrades取得更好的成绩（12）reachfor伸手取（13）infact事实上；实际上,（15）touchonesheart感动某人（16）betalentedinmusic有音乐天赋（17）makesb.dosth.让某人做某事（18）as+adj./adv.的原级+as与一样,语法知识：（1）IsTomsmarterthanSam?No,heisnt.SamissmarterthanTom.（2）IsTaramoreoutgoingthanTina?No,sheisnt.TinaismoreoutgoingthanTara.（3）Areyouasfriendlyasyoursister?No,Imnot.Imfriendlier.（4）DoesTaraworkashardasTina?Yes,shedoes.（5）Whosmorehardworkingatschool?Tinathinkssheworksharderthanme.,形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的变化规律(1)单音节形容词或副词后面直接加-er或-esttalltallertallestfastfasterfastest(2)以e结尾的单音节形容词或副词直接加-r或stlargelargerlargestnicenicernicestfine-finer-finest(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词，则将改y为i再加-er变为比较级，加est变为最高级。如：busybusierbusiestheavyheavierheaviest,(4)以字母e结尾的单词，直接加r变为比较级，加st变为最高级。如：largelargerlargestfreefreerfreest(5)多音节以及某些双音节形容词或副词变为比较级或最高级时，则通常在其前加more变为比较级，加most变为最高级。如：importantmoreimportantmostimportantdifficultmoredifficultmostdifficultgood/wellbettermany/muchmorebadworselittlelessfarfarther/furtheroldolder/elder,2020/6/8,二、形容词各等级的用法：1.形容词和副词的原级(1)肯定结构“as+adj/adv+as”e.g.Mypictureisasbeautifulastheirs.(2)否定结构“notas/so+adj./adv.+as”e.g.Samdoesntstudyas/sohardashissister.2.形容词和副词的比较级(1)形容词/副词比较级+thane.g.Hisbikeisnewerthanhisfathers.(2)the+比较级.，the+比较级.e.g.Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.他越忙越感到高兴。,3.比较级+and+比较级，“越来越.”e.g.Chinaisbecomingstrongerandstronger.中国正变得越来越强大。4.the+比较级+ofthetwo,两个中比较.的e.g.Theappleisthebiggerofthetwo.这个苹果是两个钟比较大的。5.Which/Who+谓语动词+比较级，AorB?e.g.Whorunsfaster,LucyorLily?三形容词和副词比较级的修饰语much,even,any,yet,alot,alittle,abit,twice等,2020/6/8,1.-Whatdoyouthinkofthedress?-Wonderful.IdontthinkIcanfinda()one.A.goodB.betterC.bad2.-Bill,whosthelittleboyinthepicture?-Itsme.Iammuch(),arentI?A.strongB.strongerC.strongest3.Foraforeignerlikeme,themoreIlearnaboutChinesehistory,()IenjoylivinginChina.A.thebetterB.themoreC.thebest,Unit4Whatsthebestmovietheater?,重点短语：（1）movietheater电影院（2）becloseto离近（3）clothesstore服装店（4）intown在镇上（5）sofar到目前为止（6）10minutesbybus坐公共汽车10分钟的路程（7）talentshow才艺表演（8）have.incommon有相同特征（想法、兴趣方面）相同（9）aroundtheworld世界各地；全世界（10）moreandmore越来越（11）andsoon等等（12）allkindsof各种各样的（13）beupto是的职责；由决定,（14）Howdoyoulike?=Whatdoyouthinkof?你认为怎么样?（15）makeup编造（故事谎言等）（16）take.seriously认真对待.（17）noproblem没问题（18）cometrue实现（19）oneof.之一,Unite5Doyouwanttoagameshow?,重要短语：talkshow脱口秀soapopera肥皂剧sportsshow体育节目gameshow游戏节目talentshow才艺表演plantodosth.计划做某事expecttodosth.期望做某事haveadiscussionabout做有关.的讨论bereadyto愿意做某事thinkof考虑，想起dressup乔装打扮；装扮takesbsplace代替；替换doagoodjob干得好cantstand不能容忍,1.Whatdoyouthinkofsoapoperas?你认为肥皂剧怎么样？Whatdoyouthinkof.?=Howdoyoulike.?2.find,findout,lookfor(1)findout查明，弄清，指通过调查，询问，打听，研究等一番努力或曲折之后才搞清楚，弄明白。(2)find找到，发现，指偶然发现某物或某种情况，强调“寻找”的结果。(3)lookfor“寻找”，有目的地找，强调“寻找”的动作。,Unit6Imgoingtostudycomputerscience,短语：growup长大everyday每天besureabout对.有把握，确信makesure确信，证实tooto太.以至于不能.sendto把.送到.beableto会，能够themeaningof.的意思atthebeginningof在.开始writedown写下havetodowith与.有关takeup从事，培养，学着做,2020/6/8,computerscience计算机科学computerprogrammer编程人员studyhard努力学习keepingondoing持续做takesinginglessons上歌唱课getgoodgrades取得好成绩makepromises做承诺,一般将来时用法1.定义在将来某一个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，也可以表示打算好在将来要去做的动作。2.形式(1)will+动词原形(2)begoingto结构3.Begoingto结构的基本句型肯定句：主语+be动词+goingtodo否定句：主语+be动词+not+goingtodo一般疑问句：be动词+主语+goingtodo?肯定回答：yes,主语+be动词否定回答：no,主语+be动词+not,4.一般将来时的判断(1)“tomorrow”,e.g.Tomorrowmorning,atfiveoclocktomorrowafternoon(2)“next”,e.g.Nextweek,atfournextFridayafternoon(3)“this”e.g.Attheendofthismonth注：thismorning常用于一般过去时(4)表示将来的短语或日期。Soon,fromnowon,inthefuture,inafewdaystime,inamoment,intheyear2015(5)有迹象表明或从句意判断出某一动作或状态是在将来发生或存在的，也用将来时。E.g.Theboysareputtingtheirbooksandpensintheirbags.Ithinktheyaregoingtowalkhome.那些男孩们正在把书和钢笔放进他们的背包里。我想他们将不行回家。,Will用法：(1)表示“带意愿色彩的将来”(2)在问对方是否愿意，或表示客气的邀请或命令时(3)在疑问句中，主语是第一人称（I和we）时，常用助动词shall;1.Mr.Blackanewcomputernextweek.A.buysB.boughtC.willbuyD.buy2.Everyoneabletoownrobotsinthefuture.A.areB.isC.willD.willbe3.-Willpeopleliveto200yearsold?-.A.Yes,therewillB.No,therewontC.No,theyareD.Yes,theywill4.everything(be)readyintwohours?5.Who(give)usatalkonthecomputerintwodays?,1.-TheretwofootballmatchesonTVtomorrowafternoon.-Really?Thatsgreat.A.willhaveB.aregoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.aregoingtohave2.Thegirlanewcomputerforherselfnextyear.A.buyB.buysC.isbuyingD.isgoingtobuy3.-Aretheregoingtobemoretrees?-Yes,.A.therebeB.thereisC.thereareD.therearegoingto4.Mybrotherisgoingtoanengineerwhenheup.A.do;growB.do;growsC.be;growD.be;grows,5.Tom(pick)applesonthefarmthisSundays.6.There(be)atalkoneducationinourschooltomorrow.7.Usuallymyfather(finish)hisworkataquartertofive.8.Everydayhe(do)thesamething.9.-Didyougooutyesterday?-Yes.I(go)tothemovieswithmycousin.,Unit7Willpeoplehaverobots?重点短语inthefuture将来befree免费indanger处于危险之中in100years100年后playapartindoing参与（某事）movetootherplanets搬到其他星球livetobe.活到.wakeup醒来overandoveragain多次，反复地lookfor寻找，寻求spacestation太空站，宇宙空间站hundredsof许多，大量falldown突然倒下，跌倒，倒塌disagreewith不同意某人的观点,2020/6/8,studyoncomputer在电脑上学习humanservants人类的仆人getbored厌倦therewillbe将有，将要flyrocketstothemoon乘火箭到月球liveonaspacestation住在太空站manydifferentshapes许多不同的形状atsomepoint从某方面来说,()1.There_ameetingtomorrowafternoon.A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.willgotobe()2.Charlie_herenextmonth.A.isntworkingB.doesntworkingC.isntgoingtoworkingD.wontwork()3.He_verybusythisweek,he_freenextweek.A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe()4.There_adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe,()5.-_you_freetomorrow?-No.I_freethedayaftertomorrow.A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;willC.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe()6.Mother_meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.give,Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?turnon打开；接通（电流，煤气，水等）milkshake牛奶奶昔add.to把.添加到.cutup把.切碎onemorething还有一件事o把.倒入makepopcorn制作爆米花halfacup半杯plantatree植树digahole挖一个坑cover.with.用.把.遮住opiece把.切成小碎片onebyone一个接一个的makesth.hot给.加热mixsomethingtogether把.混合在一起o.把.放入.,2020/6/8,traditionalfood传统食物onspecialholidays在特殊的节日givethanksforsth.因为某事而感谢bydoingsth.通过做某事,2020/6/8,祈使句的运用1.祈使句是表示命令，请求别人做某事或征求对方意见的句子。说话对象是第二人称代词（you），可以省略。e.g.Cometoschoolearliernexttime.下次早点来学校。2.祈使句类型(1)do型(动词原形)e.g.Sitdown,please.(2)let型e.g.Letsgotoschool.(3)be型e.g.Beagoodboy.做一个好孩子。3.祈使句否定形式在肯定祈使句前加dont,不要.4.其他部分表示疑问的句子，含有使某人做某事之意，相当于一个祈使句的作用。Whydontyoustandup?=Pleasedosth.,2020/6/8,1.Youmustlistentotheteachercarefully.(改为祈使句)()()theteachercarefully,please.2.Youcantpourdirtywaterintotheriver.(改为祈使句)()()dirtywaterintotheriver.3.Pleasecloseyourbook!(改为同义句)()()pleasecloseyourbook?4.TheTVistooloud.Please_.A.turnitdownB.toturnitdownC.turndownitD.toturndownit5._crosstheroaduntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.A.NotB.WontC.DoesntD.Dont6.Kate,_yourhomeworkheretomorrow.A.bringB.bringsC.tobringD.bringing,2020/6/8,unit9Canyoucometomyparty?1.短语preparefor为.做准备gotothedoctor去看医生havetheflu患流感anothertime其他时间hangout闲逛catchyouonMonday周一见cometomybirthdayparty来参加我的生日聚会gotothemovies去看电影practicetheviolin练习小提琴thedaybeforeyesterday前天thedayaftertomorrow后天,2020/6/8,improvemyEnglish提高我的英语attheendofthismonth本月末lookforwardtodoing盼望，期待hearfrom收到.的来信enjoytheschoolconcert欣赏学校音乐会replyinwriting以书面的形式进行回复replytotheinvitation回复邀请afterschool放学后takeatriptosp.去某地旅行,2020/6/8,unit10Ifyougototheparty,youllhaveagreattime重要短语haveagreattime玩的开心wearjeans穿牛仔裤haveaclassmeeting开班会watchavideo观看录像带orderfoodfromarestaurant从餐馆订购食品besorry后悔beupset感到失望takethetaxi乘出租车givesb.someadvice给某人提些建议beafraidtodosth.害怕去做某事,2020/6/8,travelaroundthe