初中英语语法非谓语动词ppt课件

.,非谓语动词,初中英语非谓语动词知识点总结:非谓语动词主要指在句中不能充当谓语，而是充当其他语法功能的动词。非谓语动词有三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词（包括现在分词和过去分词），现在分词和动名词又统称为动词的-ing形式。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化.在中考中，对不定式和动名词的考查最多，尤其是疑问词+不定式，不定式作宾补，及只能用动词-ing形式作宾语的情况。考查形式通常为单选、句型转化、完成句子等。,.,非谓语动词,.,动词不定式,基本形式及特点,用法,注意事项,返回主页,.,动词不定式,（1）基本形式：to+动词原形（在某些情况下可以不带to）,返回主页,.,动词不定式,(3)用法：,A、作主语，如,Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.=Itsnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.,注意：不定式短语作主语如果太长，常用it作形式主语，将不定式后置。除动词be外，动词take也常用于上述结构。,B、作表语，如,Theimportantthingistofinishtheworkontime.,返回主页,.,动词不定式,作宾语,C、,动词+todo(下面的11个动词必须准确记忆）,动词+疑问词+todo,动词+it(形式宾语）+宾补+todo,常见动词有agree,decide,fail（失败）,hope,wish,want,plan，promise(发誓）,seem（似乎）,expect（期望）,happen（todo碰巧）,Idontknowwhattodo.,IfinditimportanttolearnEnglish.,返回主页,.,LiMeiaskedmetoshowherthenewdictionary.,注：有以上结构的常用动词有tell.wish,ask,want,like,beg（乞求）,invite,warn（警告）,allow（允许）,encourage（鼓励）,advise（建议）等。,(不带to的不定式),注：常用的动词是：感官动词see,hear,feel,watch,notice用于often的句中；使役动词have,make,let.,返回主页,.,E、作状语,可以表目的、表结果、表原因,F、作定语（必须后置）,动词不定式,返回主页,Ihavesomethingtosay.Itsthebestwaytohelphim.,Marryopenedthedoorforhimtocomein(目的）.,.,大家来说说,什么情况下用do（动词原形）?,1、hadbetter后2、使让动词make,let,have用于主动语态时。3、感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice用在“经常”的主动语态时。4、please的后面5、Whynot/Whydontyou后6、情态动词之后。,.,注意：,在学习动词不定式的时候还有两点要注意哦！,1、在感官动词和使役动词后作宾补时，不定式可省略to,但以上词变为被动语态时，要加上to,如,Ialwayssawherplaytheviolin.,Hewasmadetowork12hoursaday.,返回主页,.,2、动词不定式的否定形式为：not+todo,Mr.Smithaskedtheboy_(notplay)thiskindofgame.,nottoplay,Pleasehavehim_(notdo)somuchhousework.,notdo,返回主页,.,在“Itis+形容词+ofsb+不定式”结构中，形容词往往表示人物的性格和特征，如kind,clever,wrong,right,foolish,stupid,careless,impolite,honest,naughty等。在“Itis+形容词+forsb+不定式”结构中，形容词通常表示事物的性质，如important,possible,impossible,difficult,hard等。比较ItisgoodofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.你真好，帮助我学英语。(强调you的特征=Youaregoodtohelpme.)Itisgoodforyoutogiveupsmoking.戒烟对你有好处。(强调的是giveupsmoking这一行为=Foryoutogiveupsmokingisgood.),.,动名词,基本形式及特征,用法,注意,返回主页,.,动名词,基本形式,特点,动词原形+ing,具有名词、动词的一些特征。,返回主页,.,动名词,用法,1、作主语,Pickingapplesismuchbetterthanhavingclasses.,2、作宾语,（1）只能接动名词做宾语的动词有miss（错过）,finish,mind,keep,practice,enjoy,spend,suggest（建议）等。,返回主页,.,动名词,（2）既可接动词不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词有两类：,返回主页,.,动名词,3、作表语,Hisfavoritesportisplayingbasketball.,4、作定语,finishingline（终点线）,返回主页,.,注意两点,1、动名词的复合结构为：,名词所有格,形容词性物主代词,+动名词,c,返回主页,.,2、动名词的习惯用语：,a.Itsnousedoingsth.,b.canthelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事。,c.feellikedoingsth.,d.bebusydoingsth.,e.Nodoing,返回主页,.,动名词和不定式的用法区别：无论做什么成分：动名词都表示“正在”或“一贯”不定式表示“一次”或“将要”,.,分词,现在分词,过去分词,返回主页,.,现在分词,基本形式：动词原形+ing,过去分词,基本形式：规则动词加ed或不规则动词的过去分词,developingcountry,developedcountry,返回主页,.,现在分词用法及意义：1，表示正在进行2，表示伴随状态过去分词用法及意义：作定语：1，前置定语表示已经完成2，后置定语表示被动,.,Havea,Havea,T,R,est?,est?,返回主页,.,listentoasongandhavearest,返回主页,.,Areyouready?OK!Now,haveatest!,返回主页,.,总结与思考,什么情况下用todo?,什么情况下用doing?,什么情况下用do?,.,1.Thankyouforussowell.A.toteachB.teachesC.taughtD.teaching2.IoftendosomeonSundays.A.washedB.towashC.washingD.washes3.TheboyJackinClassOneismybrother.A.callB.tobecalledC.callingD.called4.Itoftentakesmehalfanhourhome.A.WalkingB.towalkC.walkedD.walks5.Dontforgethercleanwatereveryday.A.togiveB.givingC.givenD.give,.,6.IthinkitisimportantEnglishwell.A.learningB.learnC.tolearnD.learned7.Thefunnystorymadeusallhard.A.laughB.tolaughC.laughingD.laughed8.Ourteachertoldushardatourlessons.A.toworkB.workC.workingD.worked,.,9.Couldyoutellmethisnewspaper?A.toreadhowB.howtoreadC.whattoreadD.whatread10.Idontknownext.A.whattodoB.whattodoitC.howtodoD.tohowdoit11.Myhairistoolong,soImusthaveitthisafternoon.A.cutB.cutsC.cuttingD.cutted12.Rememberlateforclassagain.A.nottoB.benottoC.nottobeD.nottocome13.MrSmithaskedthemanthequeue(跳队夹塞）.A.notjumpB.didntjumpC.nottojumpD.tonotjump,.,14.Whynotwithus?Yousee,itsvery.A.go;interestedB.go;interestingC.togo;interestedD.going;interesting15.Whatabouttothecinematonight?-Thatsagoodidea.Idlikewithyou.A.going;goingB.togo;togoC.going;togoD.go;going16.Everyonehereisbusyreadforthecomingentrancetests（入学考试）.A.getB.togetC.gettingD.gets,.,17.weveworkedfortwohours.Letsarest.A.stoptohaveB.stophavingC.tostoptohaveD.stoppinghaving18.Wouldyoumindmeafavor（帮我一下）？A.doB.togoC.doingD.did19.MrWangaskedmehim.A.helpB.helpsC.tohelpD.helping20.PleasetellJimnotlateagain.A.toB.beC.tobeD.beto,.,23.Pleasedontforgettome,willyou?A.towriteB.writingC.write,22.Theboywantshisfatheraquestionaboutthemoon.askingB.toaskC.askD.asked,21.MissYangaskedtheboy,thebabywassleepingintheroom.A.tostoptosingB.tostopsingingC.stopsingingD.stoptosing,.,25.Itsaboutsixoclock,Lets_suppernow.A.stophavingB.tostophavingC.stoptohaveD.tostoptohave26.Wedbetter_ontheroad.Acarmayhitus.A.nottoplayB.notplayC.tonotplayD.dontplay,24.Motherdecided_Tomawayfromschool（辍学.A.tokeepnotB.keepnotC.nottokeepD.notkeep,.,29.Ioftenseethemwithsomeforeigners.A.talkB.totalkC.talkingD.talked30.Hesayslifewontbeworthwithoutlove.A.liveB.livingC.livingD.tolive,27.LiuMeihelpedtheTurnerstheirticketsonthetrain.A.pickB.lookupC.pickupD.looklike,.,1.,31.ThismorningIsawamanonthestreetonmyway.A.lives;thereB.lived;toschoolC.lying;toschoolD.tolie;home.32.Hehasgivenuptennissincehewasill.A.playB.toplayC.playingD.plays33.-willyoucometothenetbarwith