宾语从句详解(公开课)PPT精选文档

1,ObjectClauses宾语从句,2,Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾语从句,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,主句,（复合句）,3,什么是宾语？,Iknowhim.Doyouhavethetime?Ithink(that)sheisbeautiful.Whydontyoupayattentiontome?,宾语位于谓语动词或者介词后,4,宾语从句（ObjectClause）1.Idontknowwhenweshallmeetagain.我不知道我们什么时间会见面。2.Thisremindedmeofwhathehadoncepromisedme.这使我想起他曾对我的许诺。,5,一、宾语从句的概念,从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。eg.WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.,二、宾语从句三要素,引导词（连接词）语序时态,6,不同引导词引导的宾语从句,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句,由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,（一）引导词,1,2,3,7,e.g.Ihear(that)_.Hesaid(that)_.Theteachertoldus(that)_.,hewillbebackinanhour,hemissedusverymuch,theearthmoves,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,aroundthesun,8,that不能省略的两种情况,（1）当that作介词except,in，about宾语时Theybelieveinthatshemuststillbesingle.IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheislivinginBeijing.,9,（2）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时（it常可以放在动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾）IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.,10,由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,if/whether“是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,know，wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。,Areyouastudent?Pleasetellme.=Pleasetellmeif/whetheryouareastudent.Doyougotoschoolbybikeeveryday?Couldyoutellme?=Couldyoutellmeif/whetheryougotoschoolbybikeeveryday?,11,1.Iwanttoknow.Willhegototheparkwithus?=_,Iwanttoknowif/whetherhewillgototheparkwithus.,Iaskhim.Canhecome?_,1.Couldyoutellme?2.DoesMr.Liliveshere?_,12,只能用whether不能用if的情况,1.在介词后面：Imthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Weareworriedaboutwhetheritwillraintomorrow.2.在动词不定式前(whethertodosth.)：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.,13,3.当与ornot连用，或提出两种选择时:Idontknowwhetherhesfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellmewhetheryoudliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.宾语从句提前时：Whetherthisistrueornot,Icantsay.,14,Practicetime,if/whether1.Iaskedher_shehadabike.2.Wereworriedabout_heissafe.3.Iwonder_heiswell.4.Idontknow_ornotheiswell.5.Idontknow_togo.,if/whether,whether,whether/if,whether,whether,15,3)特殊疑问句用作宾语从句时，用原句中的疑问词引导。注意：要将疑问句语序改为陈述句语序（即S+V+)Whoareyouwaitingfor?Canyoutellme?=Canyoutellmewhoyouarewaitingfor?Whatdidhedoyesterday?Idontknow.=Idontknowwhathedidyesterday.,V助,V实“做”,V实“做”,16,1.Heasked_.2.Doyouknow_?3.Heasked_.4.Doyouknow_?5.Pleasetellme_.6.Canyoutellme_?7.Couldyoutellme_?,whocouldanswerthequestion,whomtheyarewaitingfor,whosebikewasthebestintheclass,whenwellhaveameeting,whereheis,howIcangettothestation,whythetrainislate,由疑问代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和疑问副词where,how,why,when引导的宾从,代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。,17,二、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,18,1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.,2.Whatdidhewanttobuy?Idontknowwhatdidhewanttobuy.Idontknowwhathewantedtobuy.,主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）,19,Whatswrong?Whatsthematter?Whatshappening?Whathappened?,注：当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：,eg:Idontknowwhatsthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Canyoutellmewhoheis?,做主语,做宾语,20,否定的转移,若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。,Idontthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.Idontthinkyouareright.,我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。我认为你是错的。,Idontbelieveyouwillfinishtheworktoday.,我认为你今天无法完成工作。,21,时态：1.主句是一般现在时，宾语从句时态不变。Itisgoingtorain.Ithink.=Ithink(that)itisgoingtorain.2)Heisaworker.Hetellsme.=Hetellsme(that)heisaworker.3)Theywillhaveatrip.Hetellsme.=Hetellsme(that)theywillhaveatrip.,22,4)Haveyoufinishedreadingthebook?Iwonder.=Iwonderif/whetheryouhavefinishedreadingthebook.5)Didyoudoyourhomeworklastnight?Iask.=Iaskif/whetheryoudidyourhomeworklastnight.6)HewaswatchingTVat10oclocklastnight.Hetellsme.=HetellsmethathewaswatchingTVat10oclocklastnight.7)TheyhadgonewhenIcame.Itellhim.=ItellhimthatTheyhadgonewhenIcame.,23,1)Hecangowithme.Hesaid.=Hesaidhecouldgowithme.,2.时态：如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）,24,Itisgoingtorain.Ithought.=Ithoughtitwasgoingtorain.2)Heisaworker.Hetoldme.=Hetoldmethathewasaworker.3)Theywillhaveatrip.Hetoldme.=Hetoldmethattheywouldhaveatrip.,25,4)Haveyoufinishedreadingthebook?Iwondered.=Iwonderedif/whetheryouhadfinishedreadingthebook.5)Didyoudoyourhomeworklastnight?Iasked.=Iaskedif/whetheryoudidyourhomeworklastnight.6)HewaswatchingTVat10oclocklastnight.Hetoldme.=HetoldmethathewaswatchingTVat10oclocklastnight.7)TheyhadgonewhenIcame.Itoldhim.=ItoldhimthatTheyhadgonewhenIcame.,26,3.注意：如果从句表示的是客观真理或不变的事实，从句仍然用一般现在时。Ourteachertoldusthatthemoongoes/travelsaroundtheEarth.Theteachertoldusthatlighttravels/goesfasterthansound.HesaidthatLiuXiangisafamoussportsstar.,27,Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.IheardthathewenttoParislastnight.,4.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。,28,1.Iknow(that)he_(join)thePartyin2000.2.Couldyoutellmewherehe_(mend)hisbikeatthattime?3.Iseethatthey_(play)footballoverthere.4.Tellmewherehe_(live).5.Iwanttoknowhowlongyou_(have)thisbike.6.Ihearthathe_(come)tomorrow.,joined,wasmending,areplaying,lives,havehad/kept,willcome,根据主句，在宾语从句中填入正确的动词时态：,29,7.Iknewthathe_(join)theLeaguein2000.8.Iwantedtoknowhowyou_(get)onwithyourclassmates.9.Hetoldmethathe_(have)thisbikeforthreeyears.10.Iwonderedifhe_(come)tomorrow.,joined,got,hadhad,wouldcome,30,11.Ourteachertoldusthatlight_(go)fasterthansound.12.Weallknewthatthemoon_(move)roundthesun.13.Itwastruethatthere_(be)twelvemonthsinayear.,goes,moves,are,31,14.Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)15.Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)16.Iheardthey_(return)italready.17.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be)18.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise),willbe,goes,hadreturned,hadbeen,rises,32,以wh-疑问词或how引导的宾语从句与动词不定式可相互转换:疑问代词who,what,which及疑问副词when,where,why等和动词不定式连用，构成动词不定式短语。Ididntknowwhattodo.=IdidntknowwhatIshoulddo.Thepolicemanshoweduswheretogo.=Thepolicemanshoweduswhereweshouldgo.Canyoutellmehowtomakeakite?=CanyoutellmehowIcanmakeakite?,33,IdontknowwhatIcansaynext.=Idontknowwhattosaynext.Hedoesntknowwherehecanmakeaphonecall.=Hedoesntknowwheretomakeaphonecall.,主句和从句的主语为同一人，宾语从句可转换为动词不定式结构。如下所示：,34,宾语从句三要素,时态,Summary(小结）,引导词（连接词）,语序,35,将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketogoskiing?Heasked