高中英语 Unit2《Cloning》课件-Grammar 新人教版选修8.ppt

Grammar，语法精解(一)，1 .同位词theAppositive同位词是句子的构成要素之一，位于名词代词的后面，说明它们的性质和情况，名词代词性短语起作用。 同位词的表现形式如下： (1)名词Tom，ourmonitor，isahandsomeboy.(2)代词Imyselfwilldotheexperiment.(3)数词Sheistheoldestamongthemsix .(4)节hetoldmeter (suchas，thatis是Somesubjects，suchasmathsandphysics，areverydifficultearn .某个学科，例如数学和物理很难导出。 (6)引进of的thecityofbeijinghasbeengreamychangsince 2000.2000年以来，北京市发生了很大变化。 (7)导入or的Thefreezingtemperature、orfreezingpoint、isthetemperatureatwhichwaterfreezesunderordinarypressure .冻结温度是常压下水冻结时的温度。 1 .指出以下示例句子的下划线部分是哪个句子成分。 1.thereisgoingobeachinesefiltonight.()2. sheistoreleaveforshanghaitomorrow.()，设置练习(1)，表语，谓语，3.herwisistbecomeatecacher.()4. he， my brother managedtoffinishtheworkintime.()5. tomcametoaskmeforaadvice.()，表现语，同义词，状语，6.wefounditimportanttolearnenglish.()7. doyouher ()8.Tobehonest，yourwritingisntso good.()，形式宾语，定语，插入语，9.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyourname？ () 10.theynoticedamentantherom.()，间接宾语，直接宾语，宾语补充语，1.myperformenceinthedriveinstetreacherequiredstandard，_，ifiled.a.in then db c，2.metingmycuntingmycunterferlletheseyearswasununununununununforttablemoment， _111苍蝇飞行器1.onmywayhomeimetanoldfriendomy.2.thepyaidnoattentiontothedoctorsadvicetherhouldlstopsmoking . 3 .单句错误，第2个my变成mine，在他们之前加上that，2 .同位词节theAppositiveclause(1)同位词节的定义在复句中作为同位词使用的词节称为同位词节。 同位词从句是名词从句的一种。 那个在文章中起着同位词的作用。 语法精解(2)一般放在名词后面，如fact、news、idea、truth、hope、problem、information、belief、thought、doubt、promise、question等，进一步解释前面的名词，对前面的名词进行具体解释导入同位词节的词语有连句that、连句how、when、where、whether、what等。 e.g.thehopethathemayrecoverisnotgoneyet.theproblemwhetheweshoulldconttothethepermenthementshasbeensolver.ihavenoideawhee 同位词节可以区别于名词：thestogyoesthesthethatwillymtellecolllethekingworrow.wordcamethattheirteamhadwon . 根据同位词节的表现形式：that，thefactthatyouhaventenoughtimetodeworkissumpyunbelievable.thehopethathemaycomehereisnotgone . thenewsthathehasbeenelectedpresidenttoftheunitedstatesistrue.theththathethevyobjectsandlightobjectsfallatthesamespeediskno hellate rdevelpedaseriouslungiseasebotheredsciensts . 由whether诱导的thequestingwherenethewenetemetodotheworkhasnotbeendiscussed .由when诱导的Ihavenoideawhentheywillgo . namely (即) thatistosay (即) inotherwords、thatis、forexample等引出同位词，说明其前面的名词和代词。 同位词有时紧跟在名词或代词之后。 Hetoldusthegoodnews，namely，themmuseumisopentoall.thereisonlyonewayoimprovingyourenglish，thatis， to practice more.altogetherrollyhadliveforssixyears halfthelengthofthelifeoftheriginalshep . 同位词节和定位词节的不同：同位词节和定位词节在使用中经常混淆，修饰为可从以下几个方面区分：同位词节中说明的名词大多是抽象名词的定位词节，限定的名词或代词有抽象的，也有不抽象的。、weexpressthehopethattheywillcometovisitchinaagain.(同位词节) thosewhowanttoogopleastsesigntheirnameshere.(定语节)、同位词节中说明的名词与词节的逻辑关系thenewsstchattheywonthematchistrue.(同位词节，news和从属词节没有逻辑关系) thenewssthatyoutoldusyestrdayistrue.(定语节，news是逻辑宾语) therderwhenwesthouldgobackhasntreachedus.(同位词节，order和从属词节没有逻辑关系) thedadywhennewchinawasfoundwillneverbeforgotten 同位词节主要由接续词that引导，有时由when、where、who、whether等引导的定语词节导入关系代词或关系副词。 thenhareisdthequestionwhenretheyweretogetthemachineneeded.doyouknowthepropagewherhewasborn？ 导入同位词节的连词通常可以省略，将不能省略的定语节的关系代词作为宾语导入。 thenewsstchathehasbeenelectedmontorofourclasstrue.the news (that ) hetoldmeisexciting .同位句节和先行词通常是完整的句子，谓语动词与be形式不同。 heheardthenewssthattheirteamhadwon .本文应用于表达节： thenewsswasthattheirteamhadwon . 练习1.twofifthsofallgillgirlsnamericaareonadiet./thefactitfortheprentshiprenttsandsteasteralot . thefactithtwothowtheshiptheshotheopthotheoptheopothelisinglimentare，2.thequeenofenglandwasonafour-dayisitinc./weheardttinc weheardthenewsslastnightthatthequeenofenglandwasonafour-dayisitinc .3.teenagers shouldntspendtoomuchimeonline./manychinesepare manychineseparentsholdtheviewthantteenagersshouldntspendtoomuchimeonline .4.timetravelistpossible./wehavenoscientificproofore wehavenoscientificprooffortheideathattimetravelpossible .5.studentshouldbegivenovorefreetime./thesuggstioniswelcomedbymanype thesugggstionthatstudentsshouldbegivingfreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople .6.we dontthinkyoutwohavemetbefore .我想你们俩以前没见过(宾语从句)翻译句子，说明这个名词从句的作用。 7.itiscertainthatjohnnwilldowellinhisexam .约翰一定会通过。 (主语从句)8. whethertheyarecomingornotdontmattertoomuch .他们是否会来并不重要。 9.nowiswhywheneneedhimtmost .现在是我们最需要他的时候了。 (表现节) 10.ihavenoideshegotthroughtheforest .我不知道她是怎么穿过森林的。 (同位词节)，11.thefactththeywontheprizemadeushappy .他们获奖的事实使我们高兴。 (同位词节)用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空。 12.Icant decide _ _ _ _ _ bookishouldbuy.13.chinaisnolonger _ _ _ itsedtobe.14.iamveryinterestedin _ _ _ heimprovedhisenglishinhashorttime.15. 20000000006 oney .which、what、how、what、16.the truth _ _ _ theearthturnsaroundthesunisknontous.17. 18.the news _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (通过大学入学考试) is exciting.19.mikemadeapromise _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ thatshehaspassedthenationalollegentrancesexamination，thathewouldhelpmewithmyengle20.theftfatthetthetthethethethethethethethethethetentsonstitsoftweconthethethethethethethethethethethethethethiti 22.thennetwensthatth makeseverbodyhappy.23.thenetwensthathispredingrondthecontentryisthataheavystormise . (同位文节)、(连体节、表文节) 24.thesuggestonthatwesthouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering . (同位词节) 25.oneofthemheldtheview _ _ thebooksaidwasright.a.whatthatb.thatwhatc.thatd.wheather，个别选择，26.the reason _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ hehasteogois _ _ _