中考英语简单句的五种基本类型课件.ppt

简单句的五种基本类型,预备知识,Subject主语?,Predicate谓语?,Object宾语?,Predicative表语?,FullVerb实义行为动词?,LinkVerb连系动词?,还“简单句”呢-分不清了耶!郁闷死!,休要担心少要害怕-简单句（SimpleSentences）就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子-它的结构就是这么简单,所以才叫简单句的啊!英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,只要把这些基本句型弄清楚,你就会游刃有余了!-呵呵,就像俺这样:,Practicemakesperfect!-熟能生巧,按结构分一个完整的简单句由“主语部分+谓语部分”构成Themanisateacher.主语部分谓语部分Heworkshard.主语部分谓语部分HeteachesEnglishwell.主语部分谓语部分,哲学上说:运动是绝对的静止是相对的,造句的关键就在于动词一般而言,每个句子都应该有个动词(除了省略句外),动词,连系动词行为动词助动词情态动词,be(amisarewaswere)/seem/keep是/好象(似乎)是/保持look/feel/taste/smell/sound看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去)become/turn/get/grow变得,不及物动词laugh/smile/look/listen及物动词see/hear/drink/eat,be(am/is/are/was/were)do/does/didhave/has/hadwill/shall/begoingto,can/may/must/shall/needcould/should/would/mighthave(has)to/hadbetter,连系动词,be(amisarewaswere)/seem/keep/是/好象(似乎)是/保持look/feel/taste/smell/sound/看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去)become/turn/get/grow/变得,表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态)。由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。和连系动词一起构成谓语,也就是说:连系动词后面的就/才是表语!,Heisaboy.Sheisagirl.Theyarestudents.Theyaregood.Helooks/seemsill.Theappletastesnice.Treesturngreen.Yourideasoundsgood.,主语连系动词表语,连系动词,主系表结构（SVP）=主语+连系动词+表语,Mr.Liisagoodteacher.,Themovieisinteresting/wonderful.,Hefeelshungry.,Theflowerlooksbeautiful.,主语Subject:表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。也就是动作的发出者。一般由名词、代词或相当于名词、代词的词或短语等充当。,谓语Predicate:说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。也就是做了什么行为动作或处于什么状态。谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）用动词。,宾语Object:表示动作、行为的对象。也就是动作的接受者。一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。,狗咬人。主语谓语宾语,人追狗。主语谓语宾语,及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词:see/hear/drank/eat/Isawhimlastweek.Weheardthebadnewsyesterday.Theyeatbreadeveryday.Hedrankaglassofmilkjustnow.不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词:laugh/smile/look/listen/Shesmiledhappily.Theylaughedloudly.如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助:Shelookattheblackboardcarefully.Helistenedtohisteacherinclass.Theylaughedatusafterthematch.,什么是及物动词和不及物动词呢?!,Thedoctorlistenedcarefully.,Theworkerranfast.,Theboyisfishing.,Thegirldanceswell.,Theduckisswimming.,Thewomanwalksslowly.,主谓结构（SV）=主语+谓语动词,不及物动词,Helikesbasketballgame.,Heplayscomputergameseveryday.,Heplayedsocceryesterday.,Heisplayingtheguitarnow.,及物动词,主谓宾结构（SVO）=主语+谓语+宾语,有些词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，那就要看意思上的区别了：,他们放风筝。Theyflythekites.,风筝在天上飞。Thekitesflyinthesky.,Hegavemeapresent.,Sheteachesus.SheteachesEnglish.,SheteachesusEnglish.,Shetoldmeastory.,及物动词,主谓双宾结构（SVOiOd）=主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语,可以用于这种句式的动词主要有(A)buy/build/catch/cutchoose/cook/find/get/keep/make/draw/doHeboughtmeanewbike.也可以改为forsb.的句式Heboughtanewbikeforme.(B)give/take/send/bring/teach/show/tell/pay/write/read/sell/lend/pass/return/throw/offer/handShelentmeabook.也可以改为tosb.的句式Shelentabooktome.,主谓宾宾补结构（SVOC）=主语+谓语+宾语+宾语的补足语,Hetoldmetocleanmyroom.,Isawherdancing.,OurteacherasksustoreadEnglisheveryday.,及物动词,可以用于这种句式的动词主要有,let/makesb.dosth.,ask/tell/want/allow/wish/get/sb.todosth.expect/encourage/invite/teach,find/see/hear/watch/notice/feelsb.dosth.sb.doingsth.,helpsb.(to)dosth.,hope和welcome比较特殊我们可以说:Ihopetovisityourschool.Ihopethatyoucanvisitourschool.Iwishyoutovisitourschool.Welcometovisitourschool.Youarewelcometovisitourschool.Welcometoourschool.但不可以说：Ihope/welcomeyoutovisitourschool.,1主系表型Sheisaverygoodgirl.(_语)(_词)(_语)Thegirlisverygood.(_语)(_词)(_语)2主谓型_式:Theylaughed.Thekitesflyinthesky.(_语)(_词)(_语)(_词)_式:Iboughtanewbike.Heplaysvolleyball.(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语)(_词)(_语)_式:Shetoldmeastory.Hegavemeagoodbook.(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语)(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语)_式Heaskedmetohelphim.Hemademehappy.(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语)(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语),原来也蛮简单的哦!我来分析一下这些句子中所包含的成分,1主系表型Sheisaverygoodgirl.(主语)(连系动词)(表语)Thegirlisverygood.(主语)(连系动词)(表语)2主谓型主谓式:Theylaughed.Thekitesflyinthesky.(主语)(谓语动词)(主语)(谓语动词)主谓宾式:Iboughtanewbike.Heplaysvolleyball.(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)主谓宾宾式:Shetoldmeastory.Hegavemeagoodbook.(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾语)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾语)主谓宾宾补式Heaskedmetohelphim.Hemademehappy.(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾语补足语)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾语补足语),keys,Theboyisasleep.,Theboyissleeping.,主谓宾,主谓,Theboyisplayingtheguitar.,Hismusicisverybeautiful.,Itisbeautifulmusic.,主系表,Heisplayinghappily.,判断这些句子的类型并理解be动词的双重身份（连系动词助动词）,第二部专题句型简单句和并列句,考点揭密中考考点设置典型例题解析课时训练,考点揭密,(一)简单句由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)所构成的句子叫简单句，其结构是主语+谓语。,中考考点设置,(二)并列句由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句常用的连词有and,but,ornotonly.butalso,neither.nor,either.or(1)并列连词的选用。(2)并列连词与从属连词的区别。,【例1】Johnlikeswalkingintheopenair,.2001吉林A.sodoesTomB.alsodoesTomC.tomlikesalsoD.soTomdoes,典型例题解析,【例3】Therewillbeavolleyballmatchinourschool,?2002福州A.bethereB.isthereC.willthereD.wontthere,A,【例2】Jokebrokehisleg，_?2001南京A.didheB.didntheC.doyouD.dontyou,B,D,【例4】NeitherhenorI_fromCanada.WearefromAustralia.2002山西A.isB.areC.amD.be,典型例题解析,C,【例5】Thereisalotof_inthebox2002吉林A.cakeB.bagsofcakesC.milkD.bagsofmilk,C,1.Wecantlive_water.A.withB.hasC.haventD.without2.Wemusthurry，_wewillbelateforschool.A.andB.orC.butD.if3._you_shearelikeEnglish.A.Both.andB.Neither.norC.Either.orD.Notonly.butalso4.Thenumberofthestudents_50.A.areB.amC.isD.have5.Hewastired,_hestillwentonworking.A.andB.butC.orD.also,课时训练,(D),(B),(A),(C),(B),课时训练,6._Lily_Lucycangowithyou.Becauseoneofthemmustlookaftertheirmotherathome.A.Neither.norB.Either.orC.Both.andD.Noonly.butalso7._ismadeof_.A.Glasses，glassesB.Aglass，glassC.Glasses，glassesD.Aglass，glasses8.Weareverytired,weshouldhave_rest.A.halfanhourB.anhourC.halfahoursD.anhours9.Iheardher_inthenextroom.A.singingB.sangC.gosingD.sing,(B),(B),(A),(D),10.Iusuallyhavebreakfastathome._.A.SohaveIB.SodoIC.IhavesoD.Idoso11.Openthedoor，_?A.willyouB.wontyouC.dontyouD.doyou12.Hefound_interestingtolearnEnglish.A.itB.thisC.thatD.those,课时训练,(B),(B),(A),13.Youusuallyplayfootballafterschool,dontyou?_.ButtodayIwanttoreadEnglish.A.Yes，IdoB.No,IdontC.No,IdontD.No，Ido14._goodweatheritistoday!A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata15.Hehasntfinishedtheworkyet,hashe?_.Hefinishedityesterday.A.Yes,hehasB.No,hehasntC.Yes,hehasntD.No,hehas16.Letstalkaboutthepicture,_?A.willyouB.wontyouC.shallweD.shantwe,课时训练,(A),(C),(A),(C),17.Itsabeautifulday._.A.soisitB.soitisC.sodoesitD.soitdoes18.Thereisgoingto_asportsmeetingnextweek.A.haveB.hasC.holdD.be19.TheweatherinBeijingisworsethan_inNanjing.A.thatB.thoseC.itD.this25._TVismymothershobby.A.WatchB.WatchingC.SeeingD.See,课时训练,B,D,A,B,句型转换1.Themountainisverybeautiful.(改为感叹句)_beautifulmountainitis!2.HowistheweatherinChina?(改为同义句)_