选修八第二单元知识点课件.ppt

Unit2CloningLanguagepoints,1.clonen.c克隆vt.克隆(1)Dollythesheepisa_.(2)_plantsisstraightforward.(3)Dollyisa_sheep.,clone,Cloning,cloned,2.Inpairs,lookatthesepicturesanddiscusswhichonesarenaturalclonesandwhichonesareman-made.Explainhowtheydiffer.differvi.不一致,不同,相异sbdifferfrom/withsbon/about/over/uponsth某人与某人在.方面意见不同AandBdifferin某物与某物在.方面不同AdiffersfromB某物与某物不同differencen.差异,差别,分歧,争论,差额differentadj.不同的,即时练习：,用介词from,with,on,about,upon或in填空。(1)Wediffer_him_thatquestion.,from/with,on/about/,upon,(2)Thetwonationsdiffer_cultureandreligion.(3)Theclimateherediffer_thatoftheSouth.,in,from/with,3.Itisawayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalandplant.exactadj.确切的，精确的Iwanttoknowtheexacttime.exactlyadv.确切地，正是；恰好他们的回答完全一样。Theiranswersareexactlythesame.那正是我所期待的。ThatsexactlywhatIexpected.,4.Italsohappensinanimalswhentwinsidenticalinsexandappearanceareidenticaladj.完全相同的(常与with/to连用)同一的,同样的Thesetwodesignsarealmostidentical.Myopinionisidenticalwithhis.Thispictureisidenticaltotheonemymotherhas.,5.Firstly,mercialadj.商业的,贸易的商务的以获利为目的的，从营利角度出发的acommercialloan/activity商业贷款/活动Heisdoingacommercialcourseatthelocalcollege.他在本地学院学商业课程。Theplaywasacommercialsuccess.这出戏从营利角度看很成功。,6.undertakevt.(undertook;undertaken)Theprocedureisdifficulttoundertake,ofcourse.Thescientistundertakestheexperiment.Icanundertaketheresponsibilityforthechanges.Thelawyerundertookanewcase.undertakevt着手做,实施，从事,承担,(1)Hewill_nextmonth(去旅行).(2)He_(承担了一项新任务).,undertook,task,new,a,a,undertake,journey,7.ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.表示方位、时间、或方式的副词或介词短语，如then,now,here,there,up,down,in,away,off,out,intheroom,onthewall等，置于句首时，句子倒装。Outrushedthechildren.此句中that引导的从句为同位语从句，对news进行解释说明，that仅起连接词的作用，无意义，不能省略。,8.payoff1.Atlastthedeterminationandpatienceofscientistspaidoff.最终科学家们的决心和耐心得到了回报.2.Hepaidoffthecrewoftheship.他付清全体船员的工资并将他们解雇。3.Intheendhepaidoffallhisdebts.payoff成功；付清薪水并解雇；偿还（债务等）；(事业、计划等)成功payback报答；报复,9.CloningscientistswerecastdowntofindthatDollysillnessweremoreappropriatetoamucholderanimal.1）castdown使沮丧,低沉becastdown=feeldiscouragedHewasmuchcastdownbythefailureoftheexperiment.Dontbesocastdown.Justkeepupyourspirits.2）beappropriateto适合于的，与相称的普通鞋不适于下稻田。Ordinaryshoesarenotappropriatetofields.,即时练习：将下列句子译成英语(1)听到这个消息他很沮丧。_(2)发现事情的真相使他很沮丧。_,Hewascastdowntohearthenews.,Findingoutthetruthmadehimcastdown.,10.Ontheotherhand,Dollysappearanceraisedastormofobjectionsandhadagreatimpactonthemediaandpublicimagination.astormof:常指感情猛烈爆发或强烈表现astormoftears泪如雨下astormofprotest/applause/cheers/abuse/criticism/bullets/arrows一阵猛烈的抗议/暴风雨般的掌声/暴风雨般的欢呼声/辱骂/评击/弹雨/箭雨,11.objectionn.反对，异议Ifeelastrongobjectiontogettingupearly.Haveyouanyobjectiontomyopeningthewindow?objection常与have,take,feel等连用构成词组：haveobjectingto,takeobjection,feelobjectiontoobjectvi.&vtobjectto(doing)sth.object+that从句Weobjecttobeingtreatedlikethis.Iobjecttotheplan.Iobjectthatheistooyoungtotakethatposition.,12.have/makeastrong/greatimpacton对有/产生巨大影响这本书对其读者产生了极大的影响。Thisbookmadeagreatimpactonitsreaders.这场反对吸烟的运动对年轻人有极大的影响.Theanti-smokingcampaignhashadquiteanimpactonyoungpeople.,13.Governmentsbecamenervousandmanyforbaderesearchintohumancloning.各国政府恐慌不安,有许多政府命令禁止克隆人类的研究。forbidvt.禁止，不准，不许forbade/forbad,forbidden,forbiddingforbiddoingsthforbidsbtodosth(用法与allow,advise等一样）公共场所应禁止吸烟。Smokingshouldbeforbiddeninpublicplaces.,14.SomecountriessuchasChinaandtheUKcontinuedtoaccumulateevidenceoftheabundantmedicalaidthatcloningcouldprovide.accumulatevt./vi.:收/堆集，积聚/累,堆积强调“经过一段比较长的时间由少积多的积累”，使用范围较广，似乎凡是数量方面的增长都可以表示。Thecompanyhasaccumulatedgreatwealthwithinafewyears.accumulationn.积聚theaccumulationofknowledge知识的积聚,15.Isitinfavourofcloningoragainstcloning?他赞成还是反对克隆?infavourof赞成；有利于Thescorewas80to78infavouroftheguestteam.比分是80比78，客队获胜。Theexchangerateisinourfavourtoday.今天的兑换率对我们有利。短语：insbsfavor对某人有利dosbafavor=doafavorforsb帮某人忙owesb.afavour欠某人情,16.owevt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于Iowehimtendollars.=Iowetendollarstohim.我欠他10美元。Theyoungwriterowedhissuccesstohisteachersencouragement.年轻作家把自己的成功归功于他老师的鼓励。owesth.tosb.=owesb.sth.欠某人某物owe.to.把归功于,17.bothervt.打扰vi.操心n.烦扰bothersb.with/aboutsth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人botherabout/withsth.为某事烦恼bothertodosth.费心/特意做某事Dontbother.不用费心了不要为这些琐事伤脑筋。Dontbotheryourselfaboutthesedetails.,18.strikev.nstruck,struck/stricken1)撞；碰；撞击；碰撞Shefell,strikingherheadagainstthesideoftheboat.她摔倒时头撞在船舷上。2)击打，踢(球等)Hestrucktheballintothebackofthenet.他射出的球直入网底。,3)(想法，念头)突然想到；一下子想起；猛地意识到Anideasuddenlystruckme.我心中忽然产生了一个念头。4)sb(assth)给(某人以)印象；让(某人)觉得5)(疾病，灾难)侵袭；爆发Theareawasstruck/hitbyanoutbreakofcholera.那一地区爆发了霍乱。,6)(钟)敲，鸣，报时Theclockstrucknine.钟敲了九下。7)罢工Theworkerswerestrikingbecausetheywantedmoremoney.工人们在罢工，因为他们要求增加工资。8)擦，划(火柴)；击出火星Thematchesweredampandhecouldntmakethemstrike.火柴受潮了，他划不着。,【知识拓展】1)bestruckby/on/withsb/sth被某人(或某物)打动；迷恋某人(或某物)Iwasstruckbyherbeauty.她的美貌给我留下了深刻的印象。2)onthestrike罢工；处于工作停顿状态的Mostoftheemployeeswereonstrike.许多雇员在罢工。3)oonesheart使刻骨铭心Theghoststorystruckfearintotheheartsofthechildren.那个鬼故事使孩子们心惊肉跳。,4)Itstrikesmethat.我觉得；我的印象是Itsuddenlystruckmethatweoughttomakeanewplan.我突然想到，我们应该制订一个新的方案。5)Strikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁Heshouldstrikewhiletheironishot.他应该趁热打铁。,19.ThepopularityofthefilmJu