Unit4《Pygmalion》课件-Vocabulary(新人教选修8)1教学内容.ppt

Unit4Pygmalion,Vocabularyandexpressions,anexpertinphonetics,convincedthatthequalityofapersonsEnglishdecideshis/herpositioninsociety.一位语音学专家，认定一个人的英语水平决定这个人的社会地位。,(1)convincedvt.tocausetobelieverorfeelcertain;topersuade说服；使相信，说动（某人）,我们说服了他坐火车去，不要搭飞机去。_,Weconvincedhimtogobytrainratherplane.,(2)(be)convinced+of短语/that从句意思是“坚信”;“确信”。例如：我确信他有罪。_=_.(3)convince(vt.)sb+of短语/that从句，“使坚信”;“使确信”。,Iamconvincedofhisguilt.,Iamconvincedthathewasguilty.,我不认为她的强作欢颜能使她父亲相信她在那个小孤岛上过得开心。,Idontthinkherforcedsmile_onthatsmalllonelyisland.,willconvinceherfatherthatshe,liveshappily,2.Agentlemanpassesandhesitatesforamoment.hesitate:vi.犹豫;踌躇Shehesitatedtohurtthechildsfeelings.她不想伤害孩子的感情。IhesitatedabouttakinghissideuntilIknewthewholestory.我在完全了解事实真相后，才打消顾虑，支持他的立场。,3.Nowdontbetroublesome,theresagoodgirl.troublesome:带来麻烦的;使人心烦的Thisnaughtyboyisreallytroublesome.这个淘气的男孩子真是惹人烦。Mycoughisrathertroublesometoday.我今天咳嗽得很难受。,4.Disappointedattheoutcome,butthinkingitisbetterthannothing.outcome:n结果;效果Thenecessaryoutcomeofawarisafallinproduction.战争带来的必然结果就是生产力下降。Donttrytosecond-guesstheoutcome.不要猜测结果.,5.Iaintdonenothingwrongbyspeakingtothatgentleman.我跟那位先生说话,又没做什么坏事呀。aint是不规范的语言,相当于amnot,isnot,hasnot,havenot.Weaintcoming.我们不来了。Theyaintgotit.他们没有那玩意儿。,nothingwrong中的wrong是形容词作后置定语,修饰nothing。形容词修饰不定代词时,必须置于不定代词之后。Theressomethingwrongwithmywatch.我的表出毛病了。,Pleasecomeearlier.Somethingimportantwillbeannounced.请早点来,有重要的事情要宣布。Isthereanythinginteresting?有什么有趣的事吗？,6.indisguise意为“乔装”(1)我以为你是便衣警察。Ithoughtmaybe_(2)这位皇帝喜欢微有私访。_.联想：inneedof意思是“需要”。他需要理发了_.inneed意思是“在困难（穷困）中”。例如：我们应该帮助贫困的人。_.,youwasapolicemanindisguise.,Heisinneedofahaircut.,Theemperorlikedtravellingindisguise.,Weshouldhelpthoseinneed.,7.Hereyouare(handsoverthepapercoveredinwriting).给你(他把写满字的纸递过来)handover移交;让与；交给某人照料Thecaptainwasunwillingtohandoverthecommandofhisship.船长不愿移交军舰的指挥权。,Thethiefwashandedovertothepoliceman.小偷被交给警察处理。handdown传给handon传递handsup举手handout分给,分发,Itiscertainthathewill_hisbusinesstohissonwhenhegetsold.A.takeoverB.thinkoverC.handoverD.goover,coveredinwriting为过去分词短语作后置定语,相当于定语从句which/thatiscoveredinwriting.Theconcertgivenbyhimwasagreatsuccess.由他举行的音乐会很成功。,ThefirsttextbookswrittenforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe18thcentury.最早为外语教师而写的英语课本出现在18世纪。,Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinvillages,hadneverseenatrain.他们当中的一些人生长在农村,从未见过火车。Themeetingheldyesterdayprovedtobeasuccess.昨天开的那次会议证明很成功。,1)Someofthesuspects_refusedtoanswerandkepttheirmouthsshut.questioningB.beingquestionedC.questionedD.tobequestioned,2)Youwillfindtheword“psychology”_under“P”inanydictionary.havelistedB.tobelistedC.listingitselfD.listed,3)Theamountofmoney_fortheseriouslysickchildwassooncollected.toneedB.neededC.needingD.whichneeded,4)Allcars_nowadaysareequippedwithsafetybelts,_arehelpfultodrivers.A.beingproduced;theyB.tobeproduced;whichC.produced;whichD.produced;they,8.mistakenadj.错误的；不正确的ThereyouareandyoucomefromthewestendofLondon,borninLissonGroveifImnotmistaken.你呀,要是我没弄错的话,你是伦敦西边的人,出生在森格罗佛。,Iassureyouremistaken.我确信你错了。Inthatidea,youremistaken.那样说来你错了。Theteacherhasamistakenopinionofthispupil.老师对这个学生有不对的看法。,Bobhasamistakenideathattomorrowisaholiday.鲍勃想错了,他说明天是假日。Amistakenpersonshouldadmithiserror.犯错的人应承认自己的错误。,mistaken用作形容词,在句中作表语或前置定语。作表语时,常为bemistakenabout对某事持错误的见解。mistake为其名词形式或动词形式。mistakefor把错认为,9.WhatifIwas?如果我是又怎样呢？此句为省略句。原句为:WhatifIwasbornin?Whatif意思为“要是又会怎样？”。,10.Simplyphoneticsstudiedandclassifiedfrompeoplesownspeech.classify:vt.编排;分类;归类Simplyphoneticsstudiedandclassifiedfrompeoplesownspeech.只是学了点语音学,把人们的发音区分一下而已。Suchpeopleshouldbeclassifiedasmiddlepeasants.这样的人应该被分类为中等农民。,Inthepost-office,mailisclassifiedaccordingtotheplaceswhereitistogo.在邮局,邮件是按其邮往何方分类的。Sheclassifiesasoneofthegreatestactressesofourtimes.她被认为是我们这个时代的最伟大的女演员之一。,classify既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词,作及物动词时,表示“分为”,常构成beclassifiedinto“被分成”,beclassifiedas“被分为”;作不及物动词时,表示“属于类”。classifiedadj.表示“分类的,机密的”;classificationn.“分类、类”。,完成句子1.Peoplewhoworkinlibrariesspendalotoftime_(分类)books.2.Ifyoulookinthe_(分类的)partofthetelephonebookyoullfindplentyofhotels.,classifying,classified,11.Buttheybetraythemselveseverytimetheyopentheirmouths.但每次一张嘴说话，他们就原形毕露。,betrayoneself无意中露出本性；背叛,相当多的人面对金钱的诱惑便原形毕露。_Whentemptedbymoney.,Quitealotofpeoplewillbetraythemselves,betray,（1）vt.giveawayormakeknown泄露（秘密）她不会把他的秘密泄露给我。他向所有的朋友透露了这个消息。_.,Hebetrayedthenewstoallhisfriends.,（2）vt.tobedisloyalorunfaithfulto出卖；背叛,他的最好的朋友背叛了他._,Hisbestfriendbetrayedhim.,他背叛祖国，向敌人投降了._.,Hebetrayedhiscountrytotheenemy,(3)tobeasignof(sth.Onewouldliketohide)显露；显示他的脸显露出他很生气。_betray+n.+to出卖，背叛betray+n.+(tobe)/-that表示“无意中显示，暴露”名词形式betrayal如anactofbetrayal背叛的行为,Hisfacebetrayedthathewasangry.,Dontstopeverytimeyoucometoawordorphraseyoudontknow.你遇到一个你不会的单词或词组不要每次都停下来。,Yourewelcometocomebackanytimeyouwantto.你想什么时候来我们都欢迎。HecalledtoseemethefirsttimehecametoNanjing.第一次他来南京就打电话来看我。,Nexttimeyoucome,youllseehim.下次你来的时候就看见他了。有些表示时间的短语可引导时间状语从句，如：theinstant,themoment,theday,theyear,each(every)time,nexttime,thefirst(second)time等。,1)Theminute_hesawher,hefellinlove.A.whenB./C.thatD.which,2)_Icomeheisreading.WhileB.EverytimeC.ThelastD.After,3)BythetimeyouarriveinLondon,we_inEuropefortwoweeks.A.shallstayB.havestayedC.willhavestayedD.havebeenstaying,4)ThemomentI_her,Iknewsomething_wrong.A.haveseen;goneB.hadseen;hadC.saw;wasD.see;hadgone,12.Nowoncetaughtbyme一旦由我来教,Whenfinished,thehomeworkwashandedin.作业一完成就交上了去。,Althoughtired,hecontinuedclimbing.尽管很累,但他仍继续爬着。比较：Whilebeingoperated,themachinesentoffalotofsmoke.机器被操作时,冒出许多烟。,以once,if,as,unless,when,though,although引导的状语从句,若从句主语与主句主语一致,且从句中谓语动词为be+v.-ed形式,或从句中主谓结构为itis(was)+adj.时,则从句结构可以直接由以上连词加v-ed或adj.代替。,1)Whenfirst_tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced,2)_,thevitaminCinthemwillbedestroyed.IfvegetablesarecookedtoolongIfcookedtoolongIfcookingtoolongIfbeingcookedtoolong,3)Thisisanillnessthatmayresultintotalblindnessifleft_.A.beinguntreatedB.untreatedC.nottreatingD.nothavingtreated,4)Askhimgotakeyouhome_possible.A.atB.whileC.ifD.ifthey,13.condemnvt.谴责(1)condemnsb./sth.谴责某人/某事大部分人谴责任何形式的暴力行为。_.(2)becondemnedtodeath/besentencedtodeath被判死刑那个罪犯被判处死刑。_(3)condemnsb.todosth.判处某人服刑他的病使他被迫一直呆在床上。_,Mostpeoplecondemnanysortofviolence.,Thecriminalwascondemnedtodeath.,Hisillnesscondemnedhimtobeinbedallthetime.,14.But,sir,(proudly)onceeducatedtospeakproperly,thatgirlcouldpassherselfoffinthreemonthsasaduchessatanambassadorsgardenparty.可是,先生(自豪地),一旦那个女孩被教会说正确的英语,她就能够在三个月后由一位大使举办的舞会上冒充一位女公爵。,这是一个复合句,从句为oncesheiseducatedtospeakproperly的省略形式。passoffas冒充ShepassedherselfoffasanAmerican.她冒充是美国人。,Hepassedhissecretaryoffaswife.他把秘书冒充他的妻子。passoff停止;顺利地举行;躲开passby走过;不理会passon传递passthrough通过,穿过,她冒充自己是位有经验的演员。_.,Shepassedherselfasanexperiencedactress.,passoff逐渐消失；不加理会；（进展）顺利passaway去世passdown/on把传给后世passout昏过去；失去知觉passonto把传递给passthrough通过；穿过,15.acquaintancen.相识;了解,Ihavesomeacquaintancewiththelanguage.,我懂得这门语言._,Imadehisacquaintancelongago.,我很久以前已经认识他了._,使某人了解,makeonesacquaintance/maketheacquaintanceofsb.,结识某人,befamiliarwith/beacquaintedwith,对熟悉,acquaintsb.with,16.ahandfulof一把，少数的（人）我给了那个男孩一把糖。_我们邀请了12人，但只有几个人来。_,Igavetheboyahandfulofsweets.,Weinvited12,butonlyahandfulofthemcame.,abasketfulabagfulofamouthfulofapocketfulof,一篮子,一书包,一口,一袋,17.inamazement惊讶地当她撕烂那张合同然后仍掉的时候,我们都惊讶地望着她。_asshetoreupthecontractandthrewit.,Wewatchedinamazement,使我惊奇的是，我得了一等奖。_,toonesamazement使某人惊奇的是,TomyamazementIgotthefirstprize.,1.Thesadnewsamazedhimverymuch.Hewas_thenews.2.Amazingly,shekilledherhusband._thatshekilledherhusband.3._,shekilledherhusband.,muchamazedat,Itisamazing,Toour/theiramazement,18.Afortune!fortune:n.机会；运气；大笔的钱ThesetwobrothersdecidedtogotoAmericatotrytheirfortunes.这兄弟俩决定去美国碰碰运气。Hedreamedofmakingafortune.他梦想发大财。,19.Generallyspeaking,peoplearemorepolitetothosewhotheythinkareofhighersocialclass.总的来说，人们对那些他们认为属于较高社会阶层的人更礼貌一些。(1)本句中的of表示”从属”关系。例如：物以类聚，人以群分。Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.,(2)beof+形容词+抽象名词=be+副词+与该抽象名词同根的形容词。例如：我所说的非常重要。WhatIsaidisofgreatimportance.=WhatIsaidisveryimportant.可用于以上结构的抽象名词及相对应的形容词有：ability-able,help-helpful,importance-important,interest-interesting,significance-significant,use-useful,value-valuable,20.superior,superior作为形容词有两大用法：1)作为普通形容词，意为“傲慢的”。例如：我讨厌他那傲慢的态度。_,Ihatehissuperiormanner.,2)作为暗含比较级的形容词，意为”较高级”、“较好的”、“较为优秀的”。由于superior本身隐含着比较意义，因此不能在前面再加more。在与另一事物进行比较时，与之搭配的介词要用to,不能than。例如：,约翰逊的数学比王先生好。Johnson_Mr.Wanginmathematics.与superior用法相同的词还有inferior,senior,junior,prior等。比优越，不屈服于besuperiorto低于beinferiorto比年长beseniorto比年轻bejuniorto例如：青铜不如金子。_他比我小很多岁。_bymanyyears.我母亲在结婚前曾经是电工。_,mymotherwasanelectrician.,issuperiorto,Brassisinferiortogold.,Heisjuniortome,Priortohermarriage,21.intermsof有两个意思:一个意为“根据”、“依照”；另一个意为“以的措辞”。例如：让每一个孩子根据自己的兴趣爱好选择书籍阅读。Leteachchildread_他对你的工作大加赞赏。Hereferredtoyourwork_,intermsofhisowntastesandchoices.,intermsofhighpraise.,LanguagepointsforreadingII,1.HenryHigginsandColonelPickeringaresittingdeepinconversation.亨利希金斯和皮克林上校下坐着专心地谈话。deepin意为“专心于”,“全神贯注于”，“深陷于”等,后接名词。,汉译英(1)埋头工作(2)沉思着deepinworkdeepinthought(3)债台高筑(4)专心读书deepindebtdeepinonesbook(s),2.IratherfanciedmyselfbecauseIcanpronouncetwenty-fourdistinctvowelsounds;butyouronehundredandthirtybeatme.我很欣赏自己，因为我能发24个明显的元音，但你能发130个音却击败了我。,pronounce:v.发的音,宣告,断言Idontknowhowtopronouncethisword.我不知道这个单词怎么发音。Thecourtpronouncedagainstmyclaimtotheland.法庭宣判不承认我对这片土地的权益。,fancy,1)vt.想像，设想Wecannotfancyalifewithoutelectricity.我们不能设想生活中没有电。Shefanciedshesawsomeone,buttherewasnoonethere.他觉的好像听见有人在跟踪。,2)vt.爱好，喜欢Whatdoyoufancyforsupper?晚饭你喜欢吃什么？3)vt.感叹语气，表示惊奇Fancyseeingyou!Iamsurprised!想不到会见到你！真是出乎意料！,4)n.想像，设想，爱好Thatsonlyyourfancy.那只是你的想像而已。Ihaveafancyforfishing.我只有钓鱼的爱好。,3.Showherin,MrsPearce.showin带或领进来Showherin,MrsPearce.皮斯太太,领她进来。Heshowedmeintoabedroom.他把我领进一间卧室。Heshowedmeout.他把我领了出去。,showsb.in领某人进来,其反义词为:showsb.out领某人出去。show构成的短语有:showsb.around领某人参观某地;showoff炫耀;showup出现,来到某处;揭露;显得好看,1.Heledmearoundtheschoolandvisiteditforthreehours.He_me_theschoolforthreehours.2.Shepraisedproudlyhernecklaceinpublic.She_hernecklacebeforethepublic.,showed,around,showedoff,4.Thisisabitofluck.这有点幸运。abit;slightly;butnotvery;alittle有点儿，稍微Couldyouturndowntheradioabitplease?你把收音机音量稍微调低点好吗？Itsabitcoldtoday.今天有点冷。,5.Shestheonewesawtheotherday.theotherday前几天Sheistheonewesawtheotherday.她是我前几天看到的那个。Ihadratheranoddexperiencetheotherday.前几天我有一次奇怪的经历。,theotherday“前几天”,表示过去的时间,故句中时态用一般过去时。对比其他时间的表达法:oneday“一天”。用于过去时或将来时;someday“某一天”,只用于将来时;justnow“刚才;就在现在”,用于过去时(刚才),用于现在进行时(就在现在);intime按时;迟早”,用于过去时(按时),用于将来时(迟早),6.Takeheraway!takeaway带走,取走Sheisnouseatall.Takeheraway.她没什么用处。把她带走。Thechildwastakenawayfromschool.那孩子辍学了。Thebadnewstookawayallherpleasure.这条坏消息将她的快乐一扫而光。,takeaway除了具有“带走、取走”的意义外,还有“使停学、使消失、减去”等意义。由take构成的短语有:takeafter长得像;takeapart拆开;takeas看作;takefor错认为;takein吸收,欺骗;takeup拿起,从事takeoff起飞,脱(衣服),成功;takeover接管(权利);,7.Butshellneedtobecleanedfirst.她得先把自己洗干净了。needtobedone表示“某事需要被做”,可与needdoing互换,主语可以是人,也可以是物。在needdoing中,need作及物动词,后面跟动词-ing,表达被动含义,类似用法的动词还有want,require等。,同义转换(1)Thesedesksneedrepairing.Thesedesksneed_.(2)Yourdirtyshoesneedtobewashed.Yourdirtyshoesneed_.,toberepaired,washing,8.IdneverhavecomeifIdknownaboutthisdisgustingthingyouwantmetodo我要是早知道你们想对我做这种可恶的事,我决不会来。此句是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,条件从句中的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”