高考英语短文改错课件.ppt

高考英语专项指导,短文改错,【解题指导】,（一）解题步骤,1浏览全文，掌握大意,2分句阅读，逐行找错,3由易到难,各个击破,4检查核对，注意方法,1.Shesaidsheandmyclassmateallwishedmesuccess.2.Visitingfriendsisoneofthemostcommonoccurrenceinoureverydaylife.3.ThisisreallyaproblemweChineseofficialpaymoreattentionto.,classmates,occurrences,officials,错误类型例析(1)名词错误,名词错误主要考查名词单复数错误。确定名词单复数的方法：看修饰语。可数名词前若有数词及many,alotof,quiteafew,oneof,allthe(ones)等修饰时，要用复数。主谓的一致。可数名词前无单数修饰语，一定要用复数。看其他限定。,5.IsittruethatsomeGermanwillcometovisitourschoolnextweek?6.Therearesomanykindsofcomputersonsalethatwecantmakeupourmindwhichtobuy.7.AllthewomandoctorsinthehospitalgotapresentontheeighthofMarch.,Germans,minds,women,1.AsIaminexperiencedteacher,ImafraidIhavelittletosayaboutthesubject.2.Oneofthestudentswhoweresittinginfrontgaveadifferentanswertothequestion.3.Thecomputerisanusefulmachinethatcandomanythingsforus.4.AgreatcelebrationwasheldinthePeoplesSquareontheNationalDay.,an,the,a,错误类型例析(2)冠词错误,冠词是英语中特有的词类。由于汉语中没有相对应的词类，所以中国学生对它的用法感到非常难以掌握。短文改错对冠词的考查几乎年年都有，但多是基本用法如：不可数名词表泛指，前面多冠词；专有名词前多冠词；单数可数名词前缺冠词;不定冠词a,an与定冠词the的误用以及固定搭配中的冠词错误等。,5.ManypeopleagreethattheknowledgeofEnglishisamustininternationaltrade.6.Hefailedbuthewantedtotrythesecondtime.7.Howbeautifullyshesings!Iveneverheardthebettervoice.8.Afewfriendshedmadetherewereallinvitedtohisbirthdayparty.,a,a,a,The,1.Mr.Johnsongavehisfriends,MaryandI,ateaparty.2.Ihavethesameideaashis.3.WegotontheschoolbusandwhichtookusstraighttothePeoplesPark.,me,he/him,it,错误类型例析(3)代词错误,代词错误主要有人称代词格的误用，不定代词使用错误，作形式主语与形式宾语it的遗漏或误用以及代词所指代的内容与先行词在性和数方面不一致等。,5.Thefootballteamhasdonewellthisyear.Alloftheirmembershavetrainedhard.6.Hedesignednewtoolswhichwerefitfortheuserswhentheyworkedwithit.7.HaventImadethisclearthatyoumustntspiteverywhere?,its,them,it,Imsureyourillnessiscausedbysomethingmoreseriouslythanoverwork.2.Themixtureofcoffee,milk,andsugartastesdifferentlyfromtea.3.Myhometownhastakenonanewlook.Howgreatithaschanged!4.Helistenedtohisheartandsaidtherewasnothingseriouswrongwithhim.,serious,different,greatly,seriously,错误类型例析(4)词性错误,根据词在句中的位置及与其他词的修饰与被修饰的关系来确定词的正确形式，词在句中不同的句法功能要求使用相应的词性。词性误用包括形容词副词误用和其他词性误用。连系动词后或名词前用形容词，修饰行为动词、形容词副词、过去分词或整个句子用副词。,5.Usuallyatthebeginofameeting,wesangthenationalsong.6.WhenIheardthestepsoutside,Ihurriedlywentuptothewindowtoseewhopastby.,beginning,passed,1.Doyouknowwhatsubjectstheystudywhiletheywereatcollege?2.ItwasalongtimesinceIsawTomatmyunclesandIdontknowwherehesbeenthesemonths.3.Theshiphardlylefttheportwhenaterriblestormcame.,studied,is,had,错误类型例析(5)时态与语态错误,时态错误：根据语境用错时态;根据句子结构或句意用错时态;根据连词对称性原则用错时态及根据时间状语用错时态。解题时应根据特定的语境、特定的时间状语提示，正确调整时态。语态错误：是该用被动语态却用了主动语态或不能用于被动语态的词如happen,takeplace,occur,sellwell,belongto等却用了被动语态。,5.Therulerequiresthateveryonehashisbike,neworold,checkedonceayear.6.Therebytheriversittinganoldmanwhoseemedtobefishing.7.Youarewetallover.Youmusthavecaughtinthesuddenheavyrain.8.Inthesummerof1998,seriousfloodswereoccurredinmanypartsofChina.,have,sat,been,1.WemustdoeverythingwecanhelpLinPinginhisfirstyearofteaching.2.Shedidnothingbutcriedallday.3.Jackwassaidtobemadestaybehindbyhisteacherafterschoolyesterday.4.Peopleexpecttheirelectingofficialstobehonest.,to,cry,to,elected,错误类型例析(6)非谓语动词错误,主要是不定式符号to的多余与遗漏，动名词作主语和介词宾语时误用原形动词，现在分词与过去分词的误用等。,6.Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadtosetupsomeschoolsforpoorchildren.7.DrTichauerhasdiscoveredthatusethesametoolsalldaylongformanyyearswillcauseseriousillnesses.8.Therewasnomorebuses,theyhadnochoicebuttowalkhome.,setting,using,being,1.Ineverknewthataridedownarivercouldbesomuchexciting.2.Wemuststudyhardinordertoserveforthepeoplebetterinthefuture.3.Ihopethatbothyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimesoon.4.TodayIvisitedtheSmiths-myfirsttimevisittoanAmericanfamily.,错误类型例析(7)冗言错误,冗言错误是指受汉语的影响，句中用了多余的词，造成语义重复。主要有形容词副词比较级前用了多余的more，动词后接介词或副词造成语义重复以及句中使用多余的词等。,1.ItisaveryimportantexaminationbutIcantaffordtofailit.2.Thenewpersononthejobfeelsbetterafterheandshehasplayedtenniswithotherpeopleintheoffice.3.Insomeplacesyoucanborrowmanybooksasyouwant.4.Peopleinindustrialcountriescanexpecttolivefortwicesolongaspeoplewholivedafewhundredyearsago.,as,or,so,as,错误类型例析(8)连词错误,连词(conjunction)错误主要有并列连词and,but,or的误用、固定搭配中的连词使用错误以及根据上下文的关系连词使用错误等。解题时要根据词与词、句子与句子之间的关系来判断连接词的使用是否正确或是否多余或遗漏，要注意句子结构的完整性。,6.Mostpeoplecangethelpfromadoctororgotoahospitalsincetheyareill.7.ItsyearsafterIpaintedapicture.8.Wetriedtofixitandtherewasnothingwecoulddo.,but,since,when,1.Willyoujoininusifwedecidetodothenewexperiment?2.LisawasworkingasasecretaryinabigfirmforthefirsttimeImether.3.Shegoestovisitherparentsinthecountryonceinamonth.4.Thediscoveryshesmadeinmedicineisgreatimportancetoscience.,of,错误类型例析(9)介词错误,介词错误有介词的遗漏、副词性和连词性词组前使用多余的介词及固定搭配中的介词误用等。,5.Shehadafeelingthatthesad-lookingmanwasnotapersonshecouldtrustortalk.6.IttookplaceintheafternoonwhenImetyouinthestreet.7.Wearehopingthataconcertwillsoonbegiven,onwhichtheworksofLisztwillbeplayed.8.CaribbeanmusicisquitepopularinBritain,anditisverygoodmusictodance.,to,on,at,to,1.Thefirstpassengershadleftthesinkingshipwerewomenandchildren.2.ThetechnicianstookasingledaytocompletetheworkIhadplannedtofinishitwithinaweek.3.Allofasuddenthelightswentoutinthedining-room,wheretheguestswerehavingdinnerthere.4.Inclassourteacherspoketousaboutthewriterandhisworkswhichwerestillunknowntousall.,(who/that),that,错误类型例析(10)定语从句错误,从句中缺少作主语的关系代词。从句中使用了多余的人称代词。that与which的误用。关系代词与关系副词的误用。非限制性定语从句中使用人称代词、物主代词、指示代词。从句谓语动词的人称和数与先行词不一致。定语从句与强调句型误用。,5.Idontthinkitisoneofthebestfilmsthathaseverbeenshownthisyear.6.Itwasnotuntil1979whenhegothappilybacktowork.7.Atthattimesomethingunexpectedhappenedtohisfamily,thismadeitnecessaryforhimtostopschoolandworkinsociety.8.IdecidedtowriteChaplin,oneofhisfilmsIhadseensevenyearsbefore.,whose,which,that,have,1.Thenumberofpassengerskilledintheaccidentweresurprising.2.NoteverystudentinalltheclassesknowtheimportanceofmasteringtheEnglishlanguage.3.AllthroughhislifeEinsteinbelievedfightingandkillinginwarwerewrong.4.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyareagoodhabit.,was,knows,was,is,错误类型例析(11)主谓一致错误,谓语动词的人称和数与主语不一致。,5.Althoughmanyofthehousesinthesmalltownarestillinneedofrepair,therehavebeenmuchimprovementintheirappearances.6.Thefirsttwoquestionsinthetestpaperweredifficult,buttherestwaseasy.7.Nickislookingforanotherjobbecausenothinghedoessatisfyhisboss.8.Anyonecanborrowbooksanditcostnothingtoborrowthem.,has,were,satisfies,costs,1.ItdidntmatterthatIwouldwinornot.2.Ifyouhearsomethingyoudontunderstand,justlistencalmly,anditwillhelpyoutomakeclearthatyoudontunderstand.3.Littleisknownabouthischildhoodexcepthebegantoworkinafactoryattheageoften.,whether,what,that,错误类型例析(12)名词性从句错误,主要是连接词的多余、遗漏和误用。,5.Whattheoldmanssonwantedtoknowiswhythegoldhadbeenhidden.6.Whatmodernscienceandtechnologyhelpsthesocietyprogressisafactacceptedbymostpeople.7.Whatthedoctorreallydoubtsisthatmymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousillness.8.Youreresponsibletowhomeverisinchargeofsales.,That,where,whether,whoever,1.Helookedatthechildrenplayingunderthetreeandfeelingverypleased.2.Playingfootballnotonlymakesusgrowtallandstrongbutalsogiveusasenseoffairplayandteamspirit.3.Ikeepabakeryopennottodobusinessbutmakesuretheshopissafe.,felt,gives,to,错误类型例析(13)平行结构错误,表达平行的概念是要使用相同的语法结构，即动词与动词相配（其时态及其他变化形式要一致），形容词与形容词相配，分词与分词相配，短语与短语相配等。平行结构常借助于连词and,or,but,以及连词词组notonlybutalso,notbut,eitheror,aswellas,ratherthan等。,6.Thefirstthingshecoulddowasgouptohertrainerandthankedherforallthehelpshehadgivenher.7.CharlesandLindaMansondoallofthesethingsaswellasclimbedbuildings.8.ItoldFather,Mother,Sister,allmyfriendswhatatimeIhad.,thank,Climbing,and,1.Theteachersawabrokencupandtriedtofindwhohadbrokenit.2.Itmakesyougoodtolieinthesunshineorswiminthesea.3.Shefixedalltheradiosbesidesthesmallestone,becausetherewerenopartsfo