高中宾语从句详解ppt课件

宾语从句TheObjectClause,Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾语从句,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,主句,（复合句）,宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语,可以放在及物动词或者介词后面。,句子结构：主句+连词（引导词）+宾语从句,作介词的宾语,Healwayspaysattentiontowhatevertheteachersays.,Hetalkedofhowhehelpedtheoldman.,.,1.引导宾语从句的连接代词主要有：who,whom,what,which,whatever,whoever等；连接副词主要有：where,when,how,why等;连词主要有that,if,whether。,一、连词（引导词）1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略,LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.Shesays(that)shewonttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.Jimthought(that)thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.Hesaid(that)hewouldliketoseetheheadmaster.,Lilywantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag.Icantdecidewhethertostay.,2.whether和if都意为“是否”，通常情况下，二者都可以引导宾语从句；但在介词之后只能用whether,另外，从句后有ornot或动词不定式时，只能用whether。,3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由疑问代词（what,who,whom,which,whose）或疑问副词（when,where,how,why）引导，因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略.,Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?Idontrememberwhenwearrived.IaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney.Pleasetellmewho(whom)wehavetosee.Doyouknowwhattimetheplaneleaves?,二、时态1.如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）,Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.,2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）,Iknewwholivedhere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Hesaidthathehadseenit.,3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。,Theteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.,三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenthelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenthelibrary.,2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?Idontknowwhatbuy.Idontknowwhatbuy.,3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?Canyoutellmewhomeet?Canyoutellmewhomeet?,hewillgoto,willhegoto,hewantsto,doeshewantsto,wearegoingto,arewegoingto,4.DoesheknowFrench?Wewanttoknowif/whetherFrench.Wewanttoknowif/whetherFrench.,5.WilltheygotoCanadainsummer?Theyrenotsureif/whetherCanadainsummer.Theyrenotsureif/whetherCanadainsummer.,heknows,doesheknow,theywillgoto,willtheygoto,1.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?2.Mr.SmithhavebeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.JimtoldLinTao.,Doyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday?,JimtoldLinTao(that)MrSmithhadbeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.,3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?Pleasetellme.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldusinyesterdaysclass.,PleasetellmewhichbookIshouldreadfirst.,Ourteachertoldus(that)lighttravelsfasterthansoundinyesterdaysclass.,1could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。,注意事项,Couldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets?Couldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?,2.如果主句的谓语动词是ask时，连词不可能是that；如果主句的谓语动词是say时，连词用that,Shesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.Hesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthechild.HeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano.Youmayaskthemanovertherehowyoucangettothebusstation.,3.如果从句中含有or或ornot时，只能用whether而不用if,Couldyoutellmewhetherthatsafasttrainornot?Doyouknowwhetherheisrightornot?Idontcarewhetherhellstayhereornot.,4.连词+宾语从句连词+todo,IdontknowwhatIshalldonext.Idontknowwhattodonext.Shedidntdecidewhichoneshewouldchoose.Shedidntdecidewhichonetochoose.Pleasetellmewhomyoullgivetheletterto.Pleasetellmewhomtogivetheletterto.,5.有时可用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句后置。如：Wefounditstrangethatnoonewouldtakethemoney.Hehasmadeitclearthathewouldnotgivein.,6.that在引导宾语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，且通常可以省略。但如果含有两个或两个以上的并列宾语从句时，通常只有第一个从句的that可以省略，其余从句的that一般不能省略。如：Myunclesaid(that)hewouldcomeandthathewouldalsobringhisson.,7.在第一人称I,we与动词think,expect,believe,guess,suppose等连用，后接宾语从句时，通常将从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词，形成否定前移如：Idontsupposeyoureusedtothisdiet.,1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus_Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime4.Doesanybodyknow_wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that,D,A,B,C,5.Iwonder_heiscryingnow.A.thatB.whyC.howD.when6.Haveyoufoundout_wecandoonHainanIsland?A.whatB.howC.ifD.whether7.Lilysaid_shehadfinishedhercomposition.A.ifB.thatC.whenD.where8.Idontknow_hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whether,B,A,B,D,1.Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation2.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike3.Mysistertoldhim_.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyoulive,C,B,D,4.Couldyoutellmewherewe_nextweek.A.wouldgoB.togoC.hadtogoD.willgo5.Couldyoutellmehowmuch_toflytoHainan?A.doitcostB.doesitcostC.itcostD.itcosts6.Thesmallchildrendontknow_.A.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockings,D,B,D,7.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis8.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina9.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.A.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoC.rains,wontgoD.rain,willgo,B,C,D,1.Couldyoutellmeifthey_(work)inthefactorysofar.2.Didyourparentstellyouthatthesun_(rise)ineast?3.-What_he_(say)justnow?I_(notcanhear)him.-He_(say)thathe_(plant)treeswithhisparentsyesterday.4.Canyoutellmewhen_(leave)tomorrow?,haveworked,rises,did,say,couldnthear,said,planted,toleave,5.Didhesaythattheirparents_(come)heretomorrow.6.Hetoldmetwoweeks_(be)enough.7.Theteachertoldusthatthesun_(be)biggerthanthemoon.8.IthinkI_(tell)youwhat_(do)next.Dontjuststayhere!,todo,willtell/havetold,is,was,