初的英语被动语态详细解PPT课件

.,1,ThePassiveVoice,MadebyLiYongatSanhuaMiddleSchoolSept.23rd,2015,被动语态,ThePassiveVoice,.,2,一.被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,二.被动语态的结构:be+过去分词（及物动词）被动语态是英语动词的一种特殊形式.汉语中往往用“被”“受”“给”等词来表示被动意义.三.主动语态变为被动语态的方法:1.主动句中的宾语变成被动句的主语.2.主动句中的谓语动词变成被动句的be+过去分词.3.主动句中的主语变成被动句by的宾语,放在谓语动词后面.如果不强调动作执行者时,by短语可省略.,.,4,1.Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Bowls,arewashed,by,hisbrother,everyday.,.,5,2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm,Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词,.,6,3AmycantakegoodcareofGina,GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,.,7,4.Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Theroom,willbecleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,.,8,1.一般现在时：,S+am/is/are+过去分词,2.一般过去时：,S+was/were+过去分词.,3.情态动词：,S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词.,4.现在完成时,S+have/has+been+过去分词.,S+will+be+过去分词.,5.一般将来时：,四.各种时态的被动语态构成,.,9,1.一般现在时am/is/are+done,Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.,返回,.,10,Heputonacoat.Acoatwasputonbyhim.,2.一般过去时was/were+done,Hemadethekite.Thekitewasmadebyhim.,返回,.,11,3.含有情态动词的被动语态,can/may/must/should+bedone,Icanfindhim.Hecanbefoundbyme.,返回,.,12,4.现在完成时has/have+beendone,Jimhasfinishedthework.TheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.,返回,.,13,5.一般将来时will/begoingto+bedone,Theywillplanttreestomorrow.TreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrowHeisgoingtowritealettertohismother.Aletterisgoingtobewrittentohismotherbyhim.,返回,ExerciseChangethefollowingsentencesintothePassivevoice:1.PeoplespeakEnglishallovertheworld.Englishisspokenallovertheworldbypeople.2.Shewashesherhandsbeforelunch.Herhandsarewashedbeforelunch.3.Dotheyoungpioneersplanttreeseveryspring?Aretreesplantedbytheyoungpioneerseveryspring?4.Hisuncledoesntoftenplaytabletennis.Tabletennisisntoftenplayedbyhisuncle.,5.Iborrowedthisbookfromthelibrarylastweek.Thisbookwasborrowedfromthelibrarylastweek.6.Thepolicemencaughtthreethieveslastnight.Threethieveswerecaughtbythepolicemenlastnight.7.Ididntbuyadictionary.Adictionarywasntboughtbyme.8.Didyoubringaraincoat?Wasaraincoatbroughtbyyou?,9.HewillstudyEnglishwell.Englishwillbestudiedwellbyhim.10.Willyoucleanyourclassroom?Willyourclassroombecleanedbyyou?11.Iwontwritetomygrandpathisevening.Mygrandpawontbewrittentothiseveningbyme.12.Thenursewilltakecareofthechildren.Thechildrenwillbetakencareofbythenurse.,13.Wemusttakecareofthebooksinthelibrary.Thebooksmustbetakencareofinthelibrary.14.Youmayfindthiskindoftreeseverywhere.Thiskindoftreesmaybefoundeverywhere.15.Youcantseethestarsinthedaytime.Thestarscantbeseeninthedaytime.16.Mustwehandinourcompositionstomorrow?Mustourcompositionsbehandedintomorrow?,17.Hehasalreadydonetheexercises.Theexerciseshavealreadybeendonebyhim.18.Myclassmateshaveputontheplay.Theplayhasbeenputonbymyclassmates.19.Jimhasfinishedthework.TheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.,五.主动语态变成被动语态时要注意以下几点:1.含有双宾语的主动句变成被动句时,可以将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动.一般把间接宾语变为主语.如:Marygavemeapen.IwasgivenapenbyMary.如果把直接宾语变为主语,则在间接宾语前加“tofor”如:ApenwasgiventomebyMary.2.含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句时,将其中的宾语变为主语,宾补不变.如:Weaskedhimtospeakatthemeeting.Hewasaskedtospeakatthemeeting.,3.如果主动句中的谓语是短语动词,变为被动句时,短语动词的介词或副词不可以丢掉.如:Theytookgoodcareoftheboys.Theboysweretakengoodcareof.4.在“let,make,see,hear,notice,watch,feel”等动词后面做宾语补足语的动词不定式不带“to”,但改成被动句时应加上“to”.如:Thedoctormademestayinbedforthreedays.Iwasmadetostayinbedforthreedaysbythedoctor.,.,21,Atrafficaccident_(happen)justnow.,happened,2.连系动词（Link.v.)如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become,PekingOpera_(sound)beautiful.,sounds,3.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:,Thepen_(write)veryfast.,writes,Thiskindofsweater_(sell)well.,sells,1.不及物动词（vi.)如:happen,takeplace,appear,dissapear,六.不用被动语态的动词：,1.Hetellsusastoryeveryevening.Wearetoldastorybyhimeveryevening.Astoryistoldtousbyhimeveryevening.2.Heboughtmeanewbikeyesterday.Iwasboughtanewbikeyesterday.Anewbikewasboughtformeyesterday.3.Willhetakehissistertothepark?Willhissisterbetakentotheparkbyhim?4.Heislookingforthelostkey.Thelostkeyisbeinglookedforbyhim.5.Thebossmadehimdotheheavywork.Hewasmadetodothehomework(bytheboss).6.Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar.Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar,变被动语态：,.,23,课堂练习（一）改写句子1.Weplanttreesinspringeveryyear._byusinspringeveryyear.2.Shepostedtheletteryesterday._byheryesterday.3.MrTurnergavemeabirthdaypresent._abirthdaypresentbyMrTurner.5.Youmayhandinyourhomeworktomorrow._byyoutomorrow.6.Sheisgoingtowritealetter._byher.,Treesareplanted,Theletterwasposted,Iwasgiven,Yourhomeworkmaybehandedin,Aletterisgoingtobewritten,.,24,1.Ifcitynoises_fromincreasing，people_shouttobeheardevenatdinnerAarenotkept；willhavetoBarenotkept；haveCdonotkeep；willhavetoDdonotkeep；haveto2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,_andperfectednow.A.developedB.havedevelopedC.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped3.-_thesportsmeetmightbeputoff-Yes，italldependsontheweatherAIvebeentoldBIvetoldCImtoldDItold,A,C,A,.,25,4.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection_.A.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted5.Rainforests_andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut6.Thenewbridge_bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned7.Whenpartofapencilisinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.wasbrokenD.hadbeenbroken,D,C,B,C,.,26,8.Greatchanges_inthecity,andalotoffactories_.A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetupB.havetakenplace;havebeensetupC.havetakenplace;havesetupD.weretakenplace;weresetup9.Thatsuit_over60dollars.A.hadcostedB.costedC.iscostedD.cost10.-Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction.-Whatstheprettysmallhousethat_for?A.isbeingbuiltB.hasbeenbuiltC.isbuiltD.isbuilding11.-Doyoulikethecloth?-Yes,it_verysoft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt,B,D,A,C,.,27,12.Itisdifficultforaforeigner_ChineseAwriteBtowriteCtobewrittenDwritten13.Ihavenomoreletters_，thankyouAtotypeBtypingCtobetypedDtyped14.Takecare!Dontdroptheinkonyourshirt,forit_easily.A.wontwashoutB.wontbewashedoutC.isntwashedoutD.isntwashingout15.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto_.A.beputupB.giveinC.beturnedonD.goout,B,C,A,D,.,28,16.Thecomputersonthetable_ProfessorSmith.A.belongsB.arebelongedtoC.belongstoD.belongto17.-Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?-Oh,excellent.Itsworth_asecondtime.A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread18.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed_.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch19.Thispageneeded_again.A.beingcheckedB.checkedC.tocheckD.tobechecked20._manytimes,theboystilldidntknowhowtodoit.A.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.Teaching,D,C,C,D,B,.,29,1.Largenumbersofplasticbags_(use)inthesupermarketseveryday.,2._ourcountry_(send)upanotherman-madesatellitelastyear?,3.Musttheoldpeople_(speak)topolitely?,4.Hergrandmawasstillalivewhenhe_(take)tothehospital.,5.English_(speak)inmanycounties.,areused,Did,send,bespoken,wastaken,isspoken,.,30,6.Threequartersoftheworldsbooks_(write)i