英语人教版八年级下册unit 3 Section A Grammar Focus.ppt

,GrammarFocus,unit3couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?,Ifweneedhelp,whatshouldwesaypolitely?,Whichisthemostpoliteone?,1.Sweepthefloor,Peter!2.Canyousweepthefloor,Peter?3.Couldyoupleasesweepthefloor?,3).CouldIstayoutlate?,2).CouldIusethecar?,Sorry,youcant.Ihavetogotoameeting.,1).CouldIgetaride?,No,youhaveatesttomorrow.,Yes,youcan.,Grammar,一.Could用法聚焦：,4).Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?Yes,sure.5).Couldyoupleasedothedishes?Sorry,Icant.Ihavetodomyhomework.6).CouldIgotothemovies?Yes,youcan.7).CouldIusethecar?No,youcant.Ihavetogoout.,表示委婉地请求别人做某事：Couldyou(please)dosth?1).Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?你可以打扫你的房间吗？A肯定回答：Yes,Ican.是的，我可以。Yes,sure./Yes,ofcourse./noproblemB否定回答：Sorry,Icant.Ihavetodomyhomework.对不起，我不得不做作业。,A:Couldyouplease+v/notv(动词原形)？,Couldyouplease?,这里的could不是表示一般的过去式,而是用来表示委婉地提出请求。,2.表示委婉地请求别人允许自己做某事:CouldIdosth.?1).CouldIgotothemovies?我能去看电影吗？肯定回答：Yes,youcan./yes,please.Yes,sure.当然可以。否定回答：No,youcant./sorry,youcant/Imafraidyoucant.不，不行,Nowmakesentencesusingcouldandthefollowingphrases.（1）gotothemovies去看电影（2）stayoutlate在外面待得很晚（3）usethecar使用汽车（4）getaride去骑车（5）useyourcomputer使用你的电脑（6）borrowsomemoney借些钱（7）invitemyfriendstoaparty邀请我的朋友参加晚会（8）gotothestore去商店（9）useyourCDplayer使用你的CD播放器,3.could与can的区别could与can都是情态动词，could是can的过去式。二者都可用于表示请求，但是用法稍有不同:在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，我们常用could代替can，以表示礼貌、委婉或不确定的语气，而can则不具有这些语气。这样用时，不能把could看作为can的过去式。A.can表示一般性的请求，语气随便，常用于熟人之间或长辈对辈、上级对下级的场合；1).Canyoutellusyourstory,Tony?你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗，Tony？,2).CouldyoutellusifitsnowsinwinterinAustralia?请告诉我们，澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？Sure.当然可以。,3).Excuseme,couldyouhelpmecarrytheheavybox?_.A.Yes,IcouldB.WithpleasureC.ItdoesntmatterD.Dontmentionit,选B.Couldyou.?表示客气地征求意见或请求许可的询问方式，不能用could回答。withpleasure表示同意，意为“乐意效劳；愿意帮助”。C、D是对感谢的回答，不符合语境。,B.could表示有礼貌的请求，语气委婉，常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈、下级对上级的场合。,could,can的过去时表示能力：能够,礼貌的请求：可以吗,提出建议：可以做,推测:可能,1).IcouldrunfastwhenIwasachild.,2).Couldyouhelpme?,3).Youcouldtalktoyourteachernow.,4).Hecouldntbeattheschoolthen.,用法小结,4a,WriteRforrequestsandPforpermissions.Thenmatcheachonewiththecorrectresponse.,1._CouldIhangoutwithmyfriendsafterthemovie?2._Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?3._CouldIborrowthatbook?,a.Yes,hereyouare.b.Hmm.Howmuchdoyouneed?c.Yes,sure.Noproblem.Ifinishedreadingitlastnight.,P,R,P,4._Couldyouhelpmedothedishes?5._Couldyoulendmesomemoney?,d.Yes,butdontcomebacktoolate.e.No,Icant.IcutmyfingerandImtryingnottogetitwet.,R,R,1.borrowv.借；借用(从别人那儿借来)1).MayIborrowyourbike?我可以借用你的自行车吗？,PhraseFocus,2).Couldyou_yourdictionarytome?A.borrowB.lendC.keepD.use,选B。句意为：你能借给我你的字典吗？对主语“你”来说是借出，lend“借出”，lendsth.tosb.“把某物借给某人”,其反义词是“borrow”。,2.borrow/lend区别：,borrow和lend都可译为“借”，但用法不同。（1）borrow主语“借，借入；借用”。指“借入”或“借用他人的东西供自己使用”。常用结构为：borrowsth.fromsb.或borrowonessth.意为“向某人借某物”。,（2）lend主语“借出；借给”。表示把自己的东西“借出”给别人使用。常用结构为：lendsb.sth.或lendsth.tosb.意为“借给某人某物”。（3）keep（保留）。borrow和lend均为非延续性动词，若表达借某物多长时间时，不能用borrow或lend,而要用keep,意为“保存；保留”。,我会用,1.用lend、borrow、keep的正确形式填空。1).He_abookfromme,andneverreturnedit.2).CanI_yourbicycle?3).Joe_thiscartousonweekend.,borrowed,borrow,lent,4).I_twobooksfromthelibrary.5).Englishhas_manywordsfromFrench.6).CanI_yourcaronSaturday?7).Canyou_me$10?8).CouldI_yourcarforaweek.9)._yourcartome.,borrow,lend,keep,Lend,borrowed,borrowed,2.单项选择：1.I_somebooksfrommyfriendandI_themtomycousinthismorning.A.lent;keptB.kept;lentC.lent;borrowedD.borrowed;lent2.-CanI_yourrubber?-Sorry.Lily_italready.A.lend,haslentB.borrow,haslentC.lend,hasborrowedD.borrow,hasborrowed3.A：Howlongcanshe_thebook?B：Twoweeks.A.borrowB.lendC.keepD.return,D,D,C,3.CouldIhangoutwithmyfriendsafterthemovie?hangoutwithsb.意思是和闲逛1)Mybrotherhisclassmatesyesterday.,4.Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.意思是递某东西给某人.1).Tomanapplemejustnow.,hangedoutwith,passed,to,4.Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.意思是递某东西给某人.1).Tomanapplemejustnow.,passed,4b,Fillintheblanksintheconversation.,A:Ihateto_chores.B:Well,Ihatesomechorestoo,butIlikeotherchores.A:Really?Great!_Iaskyouto_mewithsomechoresthen?B:Whatdoyouneedhelpwith?A:_youplease_myclothesforme?B:Idontwanttodothat!Itsboring!,do,Could,help,Could,fold,A:OK.Then_you_dothedishesforme?B:Sure,noproblem.But_wegotothemoviesafterthat?A:Sure.Illfinishmyhomeworkwhileyouhelpmewiththedishes.Thenwecangotothemovies.,could,please,could,5.Ihatetodochores.hatev.厌恶；讨厌1).Ihaterainydays,andIhateonrainydays.我讨厌雨天,更讨厌雨天外出。,2).Ihatetoplaysoccer.A.notliketoplayB.notlikeplayingC.dislikeplayD.dislikeplaying,选D。hate的同义词为dislike“不喜欢”,dislike跟动词-ing形式或不定式。,going/togoout,1).+n./pron.不喜欢/憎恨某人/某物2).+todosth.不喜欢做某事（表示具体的动作或行为）3).+doingsth.不喜欢做某事（表示经常性的动作或行为）4).todosth.doingsth.,+sb.不喜欢/憎恨某人做某事,hate,6.Illfinishmyhomeworkwhileyouhelpmewiththedishes.A.While+时间状语从句：谓语动词必须用延续性动词.从句通常用进行时态时，主句的动作与从句的动作同时进行，也要用进行时态。它还有“而，然而”的意思。B.When从句可以是延续性的动词也可以是非延续性动词，从句多用一般现在时或一般过去式。1).Iamsleeping,mymotherisdoinghousework.2).Alicewasdoinghomeworkhisdadcamein.,while,when,4c,Makealistofthingsyourgroupneedstodoforacampingtrip.Thendiscusswhowilldothemandcompletethechart.,常见表示委婉请求做某事的句型及其答语：委婉请求：Couldyouplease+dosth.?Couldyou+dosth.?Wouldyouplease+dosth.?Wouldyou+dosth.?肯定回答：Sure./Ofcourse./Noproblem./Idloveto.否定回答：Sorry./Sorry,Icant./Idloveto,but,ImwonderingifyoucouldCouldyoupossibly?Wouldyoubeableto?Wouldyoumind?,Doyouknowanyotherrequests?,1).Iwaswonderingifyoucoulddosomethingforme.不知你能否帮个忙.2).Wouldyoubeabletoprintoutafileforme?不知你能不能帮我打印一份材料?3).CouldIhaveitwithintenminutesplease?请在十分钟之内给我好吗?4).Couldyoupossiblyhelpmewiththeprinter?你能帮我查看一下这个打印机出了什么问题吗?5).Wouldyoumindwritingyouremaillater?你介意等一会儿再写你的电子邮件吗?,向别人提出请求或建议的常用句型有:1.Would(Do)youmind+v.-ing+.?做你介意吗？2.Can/Could/May/I(you).?我/你可以吗？3.Will/Would/Can/Couldyouplease.？请你好吗？4.Wouldyoulike+todo+.?你愿意/想吗?5.Lets+动词原形.让我们吧。6.Whynotdosth.?为什么不做?7.Youshould+v原形.你应该做,Summary,Couldyoudomeafavor?表示请求获得帮助,意思和Can/Couldyouhelpme?一样。2.Wouldyoumind+v.-ing的否定形式是在mind后面加not,即Wouldyoumindnot.?结构。Wouldyoumindnotstandinginfrontofme？请你不要站在我的前面好吗？,Notice,A.表达“不介意”：No,certainlynot./Ofcoursenot./Notatall.B.表达“介意”：Yes,youdbetternot./Yes,pleasedont.Imsorry,butIdo./Sorry,but.,3.对于请求或提建议的句型常用的应答