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Unit5TextITheRealTruthaboutLies,TheRealTruthaboutLies,RevisionLeadinginBackgroundInformationGlobalReadingDetailedReadingConclusionAssignment,Unit5,Revision,Translatethefollowingsentences:大约三年前，我和妻子对大城市的嘈杂生活感到厌倦，因此决定在一个小镇落户，那里安静宜人。现在我们生活很好，因为这地方方便，办点事步行去就行。我经常四处走走，心情好的时候，在咖啡店歇一下，喝杯饮料，或在洲际戏院停住脚步，看一场戏。但是有些人似乎不理解我的怪癖行为。我喜欢尽可能地多走路，这是大部分人所不能理解的，因为他们太过于依赖车子了。有时，几乎到了荒唐滑稽的程度，即便只是10分钟步行的路程，他们仍然喜欢驾车。,Revision,7.有时，我在独自散步，他们会问我是否需要搭车。8.但我认为，车子使腿脚功能退化。9.在这个社会里，多数人占据主导地位。10.我意识到，我或许是唯一主张短距离步行的人，这也就是我不时地遇到麻烦的原因。11.比如：许多商店把门前清理出来，只容顾客停车，店家关心的只是商业成功。,Leadingin,Question：Whatcanyoulearnfromtheplaylet?,ProverbsTranslationLie,Anecessarylieisharmless.必要的谎言无妨。Lieshaveshortlegs.谎言总是站不住脚的。Aboasterandaliararecousins-german(亲堂兄、弟、姐、妹).吹牛与说谎本是同宗。Agreattalkerisagreatliar.最会夸夸其谈的人也最会说谎.Aliarisnotbelievedwhenhespeaksthetruth.骗子说真话,也没人相信。,BR1-wordweb,FourColorsofLies,Whitelies,greylies,Redlies,Blacklies,Background,CulturalBackground,Tokeepyourfingerscrossedsecretlywhenyoutellalieabsolvesyoufromanyresponsibilityforthatlie.Ifyourlieisdiscovered,youcanclaimtohavehadyourfingerscrossedatthetime.(Ifyoureunabletocrossyourfingerswhiletellingthelie,youcancrossanyotherpartofyourbodylegs,feet,etc.),CulturalBackground,Tosayfingerscrossed!(andsometimesholdupyourcrossedfingers)meansIhopethissucceeds!.,TheUniversityofVirginia,TheUniversityofVirginiaisdistinctiveamonginstitutionsofhighereducation.FoundedbyThomasJeffersonin1819,theUniversityispublicandremainstheNo.2best,accordingtothe2005USNewsandworld-famousdirectorMarkJohnson.,BellaDePaulo,BellaDePaulo,ProfessorBellaM.DePauloisspecializedinSocialPsychology.Formorethan20years,Shehasstudiedthecommunicationofdeception.Morerecently,shehasalsobeenstudyingthesocialpsychologyofsingles.ShereceivedherPh.D.fromHarvardUniversityin1979.Sheistheauthorofmorethan100publications,andherworkhasbeenfundedbyNSF(国家科学基金会),NIMH(国家精神卫生研究院),andtheNationalAcademyofEducation.,JosephsonInstituteofEthics,TheJosephshocking,pretendtohaveorbe,avoiddoingsth.thatwouldupsetsb.,makingpeoplenoticeyouandyourability,4Moststrikingly,thesetellers-of-a-thousand-liesreportedthattheirdeceptionscausedthem“littlepreoccupationorregret.”Mightthat,too,bealie?Perhaps.Butthereisevidencethatthisattitudetowardscasualuseofprevaricationiscommon.,surprisingly,absorptionorworry,madeordonewithoutmuchthought,Thestateoftryingtohidethetruthbynotansweringthequestionsdirectly,5Forexample,20,000middleandhigh-schoolersweresurveyedbytheJosephsonInstituteofEthicsanonprofitorganizationinMarinadelRey,California,devotedtocharactereducation.Ninety-twopercentoftheteenagersadmittedhavingliedtotheirparentsinthepreviousyear,and73percentcharacterizedthemselvesas“serialliars,”meaningtheytoldliesweekly.Despitetheseadmissions,91percentofallrespondentssaidtheywere“satisfiedwithmyownethicsandcharacter.”,studentsfromjuniorhighschoolsandseniorhighschools,investigatetheopinionsorbehaviorofagroupofpeoplebyaskingthemaseriesofquestions;interview,thebranchofphilosophythatdealswithmoralprinciples;moralprinciplesthatcontrolorInfluenceapersonsbehavior,todescribeorshowthequalitiesofsb.orsth.,doingthesamethinginthesamewayseveraltimes,astatementinwhichsb.admitsthatsth.istrue,6Thinkhowoftenweheartheexpressions“Illcallyou”or“Thecheckisinthemail”or“Imsorry,buthesteppedout.”Andthenthereareprofessionslawyers,pundits,publicrelationsconsultantswhosemembersseemtospecializeinshapingorspinningthetruthtosuitclientsneeds.,apersonwhoknowsalotaboutaparticularsubjectandwhooftentalksaboutitinpublic;expert,expertswhogiveadvicetootherpeople,concentrateonandbecomeexpertinaparticularsubjectorskill,modifyingthetruth,WordsandExpressionsinPartI,professv.claimopenlybutoftenfalselythatonehas(aqualityorfeeling)e.g.Sheprofessedtotalignoranceofthematter.她自称对此事一无所知。Heprofessedthatheknewnothingabouttheplot.他声称对该阴谋毫不知情。,earth-shatteringa.veryimportant,shocking,ortraumatic(极其重大的，惊天动地的，极具震撼力的)e.g.Afteryearsofhardwork,theyfinallymadeanearth-shatteringdiscovery.Thenewinventionisofearth-shatteringimportance.,feignv.pretendtohaveorbe,putonafalseairofe.g.Shefeignedtobeillinordernottodotheexercises.Hefeignedsurpriseandtheyallbelievedhim.,Collocations:feigninterest/surprise/ignorance/illness(formal)pretendthatyouareinterested,surprised,etc.e.g.“Ohreally!”hesaid,tryingtofeigninterest.Sometimesitsbestjusttofeignignorance(=pretendthatyoudonotknowanything).,Synonym:pretendv.deliberatelybehaveasthoughsomethingistruewhenyouknowitisnot,eitherforfunortodeceivepeoplee.g.Markclosedhiseyesandpretendedtobeasleep.Sheshoutedbuthepretendedthathehadntheardher.,spareonesfeelingsavoiddoingsth.thatwouldupsetsb.e.g.Hesimplywishedtominimizethefuss(大惊小怪，小题大作）andtospareherfeelings.他希望尽量不要大惊小怪，以免使她难受。Wecarefullyavoidedmentioningthenewstosparehisfeelings.,preoccupationn.astronginterestinsth.,usuallybecauseyouareworriedaboutit,withtheresultthatyoudonotpayattentiontootherthings全神贯注，入神，专注e.g.Becauseofhispreoccupationwithhisbooks,hedidntrealizewewerealreadyback.Suchpreoccupationwithyourworkisnthealthy.,prevaricationn.thestateofavoidinggivingadirectanswerormakingafirmdecision支吾；搪塞；推诿；闪烁其词e.g.Aftermonthsofprevarication,adecisionwasfinallymade.在推诿了几个月后，终于做出了决定。Allmyattemptstoquestiontheauthoritiesonthesubjectweremetbyevasionandprevarication.我就这个问题质问权威的一切努力均被回避和搪塞。,devotetogivealloralargepartofonestimeorresourcesto(aperson,activity,orcause)e.g.Iwanttodevotemoretimetomyfamily.Hedevoteshimselftophilanthropy（博爱，慈善；慈善事业）.,professionn.aformofemployment,esp.onethatispossibleonlyforaneducatedpersonandthatisrespectedinsocietyashonorablee.g.Sheintendstomak