高一英语下unit 1 reading 1

课标人教实验版高一MODULE4UNIT1READING简古多尔JANEGOODALL,1934生于伦敦。自幼即对动物行为极感兴趣。18岁离开学校，到赴非洲为止，她曾先后担任过秘书以及影片制作助理。此后，她在非洲担任古生物学家路易斯利基的助手，与利基的合作经验使她能于1960年在贡贝溪动物保护区设立一个营区，得以观察该地黑猩猩的行为。1965年获剑桥大学动物行为学博士学位。1977年她建立了“简古多尔人、动物与环境研究所”。1991年，她倡议并成立了“根与芽”组织，目的是使从幼儿园到大学的年轻一代都能够行动起来，为了环境、动物和他们自己的社区创造一个更加美好的世界。1995年，被英国女王授予勋爵士。简古多尔撰有许多书籍和论文，最著名的是生活在人类的阴影中1971,此著作已被翻译成15种文字。菲利普伯曼PHILLIPBERMAN,具有哈佛大学神学院比较；宗教学学位。他的获奖作品有信念的勇气、探索意义和回家的旅程。PREREADING1WHYDOYOUTHINKJANEGOODALLWENTTOAFRICATOSTUDYCHIMPSRATHERTHANTOAUNIVERSITY2DOYOUTHINKHERWORKISIMPORTANTWHYAPROTECTOROFAFRICANWILDLIFEREADINGFIRSTREADINGGETTHEMAINIDEAOFEACHPARAGRAPHAPROTECTOROFAFRICANWILDLIFEJANESWAYTOSTUDYCHIMPSANDHERACHIEVEMENTHERATTITUDETOTHEANIMALSSHEHASACHIEVEDEVERYTHINGSHEWANTEDTODOADAYINTHEPARKWATCHINGAFAMILYOFCHIMPSWAKEUPWANDEROFFINTOTHEFORESTFEED,CLEANEACHOTHERTHEMOTHERCHIMPANDHERBABIESPLAYINTHETREECOMEINTOMOTHERSCHIMPARMS,GOTOSLEEPTOGETHERINTHEIRNESTTHEFIRSTPARAGRAPHTHEWHOLEDAYTHESECONDPARAGRAPHTHEFIRSTTHINGTHESECONDTHINGTHETHIRDTHINGSHEDISCOVEREDTHATCHIMPSHUNTANDEATMEATSHEOBSERVEDCHIMPSASAGROUPHUNTINGAMONKEYANDTHENEATINGITSHEALSODISCOVEREDHOWCHIMPSCOMMUNICATEWITHEACHOTHERTRUEORFALSESHEHOPESTHATCHIMPSCANBELEFTINTHEFORESTSHESUPPOSESTHATPEOPLESHOULDNOTUSECHIMPSFORENTERTAINMENTTHETHIRDPARAGRAPHSHEHASSPENTMORETHANFORTYYEARSHELPINGPEOPLEUNDERSTANDHERWORKSHEHASBUILTMANYHOMESFORTHEWILDANIMALSTOLIVEINTHEFOURTHPARAGRAPHWORKINGWITHANIMALSINTHEIROWNENVIRONMENTGAININGADOCTORSDEGREEFORHERSTUDIESSHOWINGTHATWOMENCANLIVEINTHEFORESTASMENCANTHEACHIEVEMENTOFJANECOMPREHENDING1WHATDIDTHEGROUPDOFIRSTINTHEMORNINGTHEY_AWENTINTOTHEFORESTSLOWLYBLEFTTHECHIMPFAMILYOFCHIMPSWAKEUPOBSERVEDTHEFAMILYOFCHIMPSWAKEUPDHELPEDPEOPLEUNDERSTANDTHEBEHAVIOROFTHECHIMPSC2WHYDIDJANEGOTOAFRICATOSTUDYCHIMPSINTHEWILDBECAUSESHEWANTED_ATOWORKWITHTHEMINTHEIROWNENVIRONMENTBTOPROVETHEWAYPEOPLETHINKABOUTCHIMPSWASWRONGCTODISCOVERWHATCHIMPSEATDTOOBSERVEACHIMPFAMILYA3JANEWASPERMITTEDTOBEGINHERWORKAFTER_ATHECHIMPFAMILYWOKEUPBSHELIVEDINTHEFORESTCHERMOTHERCAMETOSUPPORTHERDSHEARRIVEDATGOMBEC4THEPURPOSEOFHERSTUDYWASTO_AWATCHTHEWILDCHIMPSINCAGESBGAINADOCTORSDEGREECUNDERSTANDANDRESPECTTHELIVESOFCHIMPSDLIVEINTHEFORESTASMENCANCDISCUSSIONWHATMADEJANEGOODALLAGREATSUCCESSWHATSHOULDWELEARNFROMJANEGOODALLTHEREARETWOPOINTSTHATMADEHERSUCCESSONEISHERWAYTOSTUDYCHIMPS,ANDTHEOTHERISHERTRUELOVETOTHEANIMALSTHEFIRSTONEISFACILE易做到的,BECAUSEITISONLYAWAYEVERYONECANDOITBUTFORTHESECONDONE,ITISMOREEASILYSAIDTHANDONEASAWOMAN,SHEGAVEUPEVERYTHING,WENTTOTHEFORESTTOSTUDYTHECHIMPSANDDEVOTEDALLHERLOVETOTHESEANIMALSITISREALLYNOTEASYWHATWECANNOTUNDERSTANDISTHATHOWSHEHASSUCHGREATPERSONALITY1SHECONCERNEDHERSELFWITHWELFAREPROJECTS关心；关怀WEMUSTCONCERNOURSELVESWITHCURRENTAFFAIRS我们必须关心时事。LANGUAGEPOINTS2OURGROUPAREALLGOINGTOVISITTHECHIMPSINTHEFOREST我们一行人准备去拜访森林里的黑猩猩。英语中有许多集体名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要根据集体名词的含义来定。如果名词表示的是一个整体概念，谓语动词要用单数形式；如果名词表示的是集体中的成员，谓语动词要用复数形式。这类的集体名词有CLASS,CREW,FAMILY,PUBLIC,GOVERNMENT等。ACOMMITTEEOFFIVEMENANDTHREEWOMENISTOCONSIDERTHEMATTERTHECLASSWEREALLOUTFORPLAYWHENCLASSWASOVER3WATCHINGAFAMILYOFCHIMPSWAKEUPISOUR今天我们的第一件事是动名词作主语主语是由不定式、动名词、从句构成的，谓语动词采用单数。WORKINGWITHYOUISPLEASANTSEEINGISBELIEVING4THISMEANSGOINGBACKTOAPLACEWHEREWELEFTTHECHIMPFAMILYSLEEPINGINATREETHENIGHTBEFORE由定语从句修饰的PLACE做GO的宾语。LEAVE宾语DOING让某人做某事EGTHEYWENTOFFANDLEFTMESITTINGTHEREALLBYMYSELF5BUTTHEEVENINGMAKESITALLWORTHWHILEMANDELASTRUGGLEISVERYWORTHWHILETHATWASAWORTHWHILETRIP那是很有价值的旅行。ITSWORTHWHILEDOING/TODOSTHWORTHADJ值的,值得的WORTHFULADJ有价值的,可贵的,WORTHLESSADJ没有价值的,无用的,无益的WORTHYADJ值得,受人敬仰的WORTHIT有用,值得BEWORTHDOING值得做BEWORTHYOFBEINGDONE/TOBEDONE值得被做6THEMOTHERCHIMPANDHERBABIESPLAYINTHETREEAND,AFTERTHEYCOMEINTOHERARMS,WESEETHEMGOTOSLEEPTOGETHERINTHEIRNESTFORTHENIGHT我们看到黑猩猩妈妈跟她的幼子们在树上玩耍,后来小猩猩投入母亲的怀里,一起回窝里睡觉了。INTHETREE指树本身以外的事物或人附着在树上,如鸟等动物；ONTHETREE指树本身生长出来的东西,如果实,花等。7JANESPENTMANYYEARSOBSERVINGANDRECORDINGTHEIRDAILYACTIVITIESSPENDTIMEINDOINGWESPENTAPLEASANTHOURORTWOTALKINGWITHFRIENDSHESSPENTHALFHISLIFEWRITINGTHISBOOKHEHASSPENTTHREEYEARSINPRISONOBSERVE“观察”、“注意到”或“看到”，可用作及物动词或不及物动词。用作及物动词时，后跟名词、代词、含不带TO的不定式、动词ING形式或形容词的复合宾语、THAT从句及WHAT从句。IOBSERVEHERGOOUT我注意到她外出。HEOBSERVEDTHATFEATHERSFELLTHEGROUNDSLOWLY他观察到羽毛落地很慢。OBSERVE用作被动语态时，作主语补足语的不定式须带TO。SHEWASOBSERVEDTOENTERTHEBANK有人注意到她走进银行。8ONLYAFTERHERMOTHERCAMETOHELPHERFORTHEFIRSTFEWMONTHSWASSHEALLOWEDTOBEGINHERPROJECT将ONLY及其后面的状语提前放在句首,句子要用部分倒装语序，即将BE动词、助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。ONLYTHENDIDWEGETTOKNOWEACHOTHERBETTER如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。ONLYAFTERNEWCHINAWASFOUNDEDWASHEABLETOGOTOSCHOOLONLYINTHISWAYCANWELEARNENGLISHBETTERONLY在句首修饰句子的主语时，不用倒装语序。ONLYMARYANDTOMFAILEDINTHEEXAM9SHEALSODISCOVEREDHOWCHIMPSCOMMUNICATEWITHEACHOTHERANDHERSTUDYOFTHEIRBODYLANGUAGEHELPEDHERWORKOUTTHEIRSOCIALSYSTEM1ICANTWORKOUTTHEMEANINGOFTHEPOEM（理解，说出）2THINGSHAVEWORKEDOUTBADLY3WORKOUTHISINCOME4WORKOUTAPLAN发展，进行算出）制定，拟订10FORFORTYYEARSJANEGOODALLHASBEENHELPINGTHERESTOFTHEWORLDUNDERSTANDANDRESPECTTHELIFEOFTHESEANIMALSA1HELPDOHELPTODOTHISWILLHELPTOREDUCEPRODUCTIONCOSTTHENHEHELPEDSWEEPTHEFLOORSOFTHEWAITINGROOMS2HELPADVPHRASE/PREPOSITIONALPHRASEHEHELPEDTHECHILDRENOFFOUTOFTHEBUSTHATWILLHELPYOUOUTOFTHEDIFFICULTY3HELPSBDOINGSTHHELPSBWITHSTHHELPWITHCANYOUHELPMEWITHMYHOMEWORKHELP与CANT,COULDNT连用，“阻止，避免”。SHECANTHELPHERSELF,SHEDIDNTMEANTOBERUDE她克制不了自己，她并不想那么粗暴无礼。HECOULDNTHELPLAUGHINGWHENHESAWMYHAIRCUT忍不住笑起来BHAVE/HASBEENDOING现在完成进行时,表示动作从过去就已开始,一直持续到现在,可能还会继续下去。HEHASBEENREADINGSINCETHISMORNING今早起,他一直在看书。HEHASBEENWRITINGALETTER他一直在写信。HEHASWRITTENALETTER他已写过信了。CTHERESTOF它之后可以接不可数名词或可数名词，但要注意含义,以便决定后面动词的单复数形式。EGTHERESTOFTHEMONEYWASGIVENTOHISSONTHERESTOFTHEAPPLEWASTHROWNAWAYTHERESTOFTHEAPPLESWERESENTTOTHENURSINGHOME11SHEHASARGUEDFORTHEMTOBELEFTINTHEWILDANDNOTUSEDFORENTERTAINMENTORADVERTISEMENTSARGUEFOR/AGAINSTSTH辩论赞成/反对某事与ARGUE有关的短语ARGUEWITHSBABOUT/OVERSTH与某人争论某事ARGUESBINTO/OUTOFDOINGSTH说服某人做/放弃做某事12INSPIRESBTODO鼓励某人做某事HISSPEECHINSPIREDUSGREATLYTHETEACHERINSPIREDUSTOMAKEGREATEREFFORTSTHEMEMORYOFHISCHILDHOODINSPIREDHISFIRSTNOVELINSPIRE促成赋予灵感INSPIRED有灵感的INSPIRING激励人心的EXERCISES1值得下工夫去学习一门外语。ITS_AFOREIGNLANGUAGE2她很感兴趣地观察他的行动。SHE_HISACTIONSWITHINTERESTWORTHWHILETOLEARNOBSERVED3老师的表扬鼓励了全班同学。THETEACHE