微型计算机原理及应用

1、The Intel Microprocessors-from 8086 to Pentium Architecture, Programming and Interfacing,Content Arrangement Reference book Final score,1. Architecture,2. Programming,3. Interfacing,CPU 1. Architecture,2. Programming,3. Interfacing,1. Architecture,1.1 The architecture of CPU 1.2 Addressing modes,Int

2、ernal Microprocessor Architecture,EAX,EBX,ECX,EDX,ESP,EBP,EDI,ESI,Accumulator,Base index,Count,Data,Stack pointer,Base pointer,Destination index,Source index,DR,PR,IR,Internal Microprocessor Architecture,EIP,EFLAGS,Instruction pointer,Flags,Code,Data,Extra,Stack,Special purpose registers,Segment reg

3、isters,1. Architecture,2. Programming,3. Interfacing,2. Programming,2.1 Data movement instructions 2.2 Arithmetic and logic instructions 2.3 Program control instructions,program,.DATA NUM DB 34H TABLE DW 0012H,0033H,5687H .CODE .STARTUP MOV BX,OFFSET TABLE MOV AX,BX+4 MOV CX,88H MUL CX CMP AX,2000H

4、JAE NEXT OUT AX,P8 .EXIT END,Application languages /application program,High-level languages /compiler &interpretative program,Assembly language/ assembly program,Keyboard command and system primitive / operating system,Machine instruction system/ CPU,1. Architecture,2. Programming,3. Interfacing,3.

5、 Interfacing,1 8088/8086 hardware specifications 2 Memory interface 3 Basic I/O interface 4 Interrupts 5 Direct memory access and DMA-controlled I/O,8088 hardware specifications,Memory interface,Content Arrangement Reference book Final score,request,Familiar with Addressing mode programming with ass

6、embly language interfacing of microprocessor,What we can do after learning this,Programming in assembly language in certain real-time system ,memory limited system or embedded system Design interfacing and writing drivers,Content Arrangement Reference book Final score,Reference Books,微型计算机原理及应用 周明德

7、编著 清华大学出版社 IBM-PC汇编语言程序设计 沈美明主编，清华大学出版社 汇编语言与微机原理教程 顾元刚主编，电子工业出版社 The 80 x86 IBM PC and Compatible Computers (Volumes I & II): Assembly Language, Design, and Interfacing (4th Edition) 清华大学出版社,Reference Lessons,Operating system 操作系统 Computer architecture 计算机体系结构,Content Arrangement Reference book Fin

8、al score,Final Exam: 70% Middle Exam:20% Homework & Attendance:10% This may be revised according to the needs.,Now lets begin our exploration in microprocessor.,Chapter 1 Introduction to The Microprocessor and PC,Chapter 1:,What mankind has done before the microprocessor finally came out? 2. How man

9、y parts are there in the microprocessor ?,Chapter 1:Introduction to The Microprocessor and PC,1.1 A Historical Background 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor,1.1 A Historical Background,1.1 A Historical Background,A. The Mechanical Age Abacus (Babylonians) Analytical engine (Babbage, punched cards, 1823,

10、failure),1.1 A Historical Background,B. The Electrical Age Motor-driven adding machines, based on mechanical calculator (Hollerith, set up IBM-International Business Machines Corporation) First electronic calculating machine Z3 (German, Konrad Zuse,1942) The first general-purpose, programmable elect

11、ronic computer ENIAC (University of Pennsylvania, 1946),ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator Computer 电子数字积分计算机,ENIAC,ENIAC,ENIAC,1.1 A Historical Background,C. The Microprocessor Age (Intel),Intel 4004,Intel 8088,Intel Petium,Intel Petium II,The Moores Law: the number of transistors

12、 integrated in a chip will double very 18 or 24 mouths,1.1 A Historical Background,D. The Future of Microprocessors The process speed will get more faster The memory will get more large The bulk will get more smaller The width of data bus will increase Architecture will get more efficient,1.2 PC Bas

13、ed on Microprocessor,1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor,Question: If we use a computer to figure out an arithmetic expression, how can it finish this work? 133*33+44*14,1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor,133*33+44*14 First input these numbers. Do the calculating work. Store The result Output the result. Con

14、trol this processing.,1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor,133*33+44*14,Input device,memory,calculator,Output device,controller,Control bus,data bus,1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor,Micro- processor,Memory,Interface,External devices,Data bus,Address bus,Control bus,BUS definition p25,1.2 PC Based on Micropr

15、ocessor,Bus: P25 Address bus requests a memory location from the memory or an I/O location from the I/O devices. Data bus transfers information between the microprocessor and its memory and I/O address space. Control bus contains lines that select the memory or I/O and cause them to perform a read or write operation.,1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor,P25,1.2 PC Based on Mic