2017-牛津译林英语-7B-语法专题八-形容词和不定代词

1、 Unit 8 Pets 语法专题八：形容词与不定代词1 核心语法知识梳理1） 形容词 形容词是用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质，特征，状况或属性的词，如：tired, boring, busy, beautiful, easy, difficult, exciting 等。（1） 形容词描述事物作为修饰语，常放在名词前，如： It is a windy day. 那是一个有风的天。 Can you hear a strange noise? 你能听到一个奇怪的声音吗？ （2）形容词描述事物，和系动词一起用，形容词常放在系动词后，常见的系动词有： Be, feel, look, soun

2、d, taste, smell, become, turn, get, grow, keep, stay, seem等。如： She is honest and helpful. 她诚实而又乐于助人。 The garden looks so beautiful. 花园看起来很美。 The plan sounds good. 这个计划听起来很好。拓展：多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词、数词、描绘词（大小、长短、形状、新旧、颜色）、出处、材料性质、用途(类别）、名词。（也可以用deisisa. com.p；来表达）如： A famous French medical school. An e

3、xpensive German sports car.2 不定代词1） someone/somebody; anyone/anybody; no one/nobody; 都是指代人的不定代词，当我们不确定所谈论的人的名字或者不需要提及他/她的名词时，就可以用这些不定代词。 （1）someone/somebody 用来表示“一个未指明的或未知的人”，常用肯定句。如： Somebody gave you a ticket for the pop concert. 有人给了你一张流行音乐会的门票。 （2）anyone/anybody 可以表示“任何人” 或“不确定的某个人”。当表达第一种意思时，可用

4、于肯定句；第二种意思则用于疑问句和否定句。 Anyone will tell you where the post office is. 谁都会告诉你邮局在哪儿。（任何一个人） （3）no one/nobody 意为“没有人，没有任何人”。no one常用语书面语，nobody在口语中更常用。如：no one/nobody Nobody knew what to do. 谁也不知道该做什么。（4） someone/somebody; anyone/anybody; no one/nobody; 都具有单数意义，因此后面要接单数谓语动词。如： Someone is waiting for you

5、 in the playground. 有人在操场等你。（5） 它们可有所有格形式，指代某个人所拥有的东西，相应的代词一般也用单数。如： I dont want to waste anyones time. 我不想浪费任何人的时间。2 something, anything, nothing 1) something, anything, nothing 常指代物，代表我们不确定的某样东西或我们不需要提及名词的某样东西。2） something用来表示“一个未指明的或未知的物”，常用于肯定句。如： Something is better than nothing. 有总比没有好。3） anyt

6、hing可以表示“任何东西/事物”或“不一定是哪一件东西/事情”。当表达第一种意思时，可用于肯定句；第二种意思则用于疑问句和否定句。如： Is there anything in the bag? 袋子里有东西吗？4） nothing表示否定意义。如： Ive got nothing to say. 我没有什么话可以说。5） 形容词修饰不定代词时常位于其后，作后置定语。如： Were looking for someone special. 我们在寻找一个特殊的人。6） 一般来说，something用于肯定句，anything用于否定句和疑问句； 但在说话人认为对方确实需要某物或该做某事而希望

7、得到肯定答复时，在问句中用something. 如： Can you do something for me? I really need your help. 你能为我做件事吗？我真的需要你的帮助。（某件很确定的事，而且希望对方能答应）Have you got anything interesting? 你有没有什么有趣的东西？（任何有趣的东西，而且不确定对方会有什么样的答复）3 巩固练习1、 根据汉语完成句子，每空一词1 我没有看到房子里有任何人/任何东西。 I _ _ _ anybody/anyone/anything in the house.2 今天每个人都到了吗？ I _ _ to

8、day？3 金鱼很安静且容易照料。 Goldfish are quiet and _ _ _ _.4 一只懒猫正睡在沙发上。 A lazy cat _ _ _ _ _.5 这只猫是懒的。 The cat _ _.6 我看到房子里有人。 I _ _ in the house.Keys: 1 did not see 2 everybody here 3 easy to look after 4 is sleeping on the sofa 5 is lazy 6 saw somebody2、 单选选择1 John, where did you have _ lunch yesterday? A

9、the B a C an D your2 I usually sleep with the windows _ if it isnt cold. A closed B closing C open D opening3 Thank you for _ my cat when I was away. A look after B looking after C look for D looking for4 Goldfish are _. A easily to look after B easily to look after them C easy to look after D easy

10、to look after them5 My father tells me not to spend much time _ my cat. A playing B to play C to play with D playing with6 If you are still hungry, why not have _ milk and bread? A more much B some more C any more D many more7 -Have you read todays newspaper? -Yes. Its really boring. There is _ in i

11、t. A something new B nothing new C anything new 8 Eddie has _ to do, and he sleeps all day long. A everything B something C anything D nothing9 -Look, _ is dancing under the tree. -Oh, thats my cousin, Anna. A everybody B anybody C nobody D somebody10 _ in the room knew me, but I didnt know_. A Ever

12、y; him B Everyone; them C Every one; those 11 The air in Dongying is much worse than that in many other cities. We must do _ to protect our environment. A nothing B anything C something D everything12 This work needs teamwork. _ will be achieved if we dont work together. A Nothing B Anything C Somet

13、hing D Everything13 -Where would you like to go this Mid-autumn Festival? -Id like to go_. A everywhere relaxing B somewhere relaxing C peaceful anywhere D peaceful somewhere14 I didnt see _ in the classroom. Where were the students? A somebody B nobody C everybody D anybody15 My computer doesnt wor

14、k. There is _ wrong with it. A nothing B something C anything D everything16 Its _ to pull the cats ear. So be careful. A interesting B angry C fun D dangerous17 You should _ sorry to her. You made her cry.A speak B tell C say D talk18 -Oh, the fried food is _ tasty. -But I think you cant eat_. A mu

15、ch too; too much B much too; much too C too much; too much D too much; much too19 -We will build a subway in Fuzhou before 2014. -Wow, _! Will it pass our place? A What an excited news B how excited the news is C What exciting news D how exciting news20 -My son seldom has _ breakfast. -It is _ unhea

16、lthy habit. You must ask him to change it. A /; an B the; an C /; a D the; a21 -Here are three books on history. Which one would you like to borrow? -_. You see, Im interested in geography these days. A All B None C Both D Each22 My uncles dog was in the garden. I saw him _ under the tree.A to lie B

17、 lying C lied D is lying23 -Have you got the _ news about the World Cup? -Yes, Im so _ because my favourite team has won again. A exciting; exciting B excited; excited C exciting; excited D excited; exciting24 -_ weather! Shall we go to the park? -_. Lets go. A What a fine; Sounds great B What fine;

18、 Sounds great C What a fine; Youre right D What fine; You are right25 -How much do you usually _ on food and clothes every month? -About 600 yuan. A take B cost C spend D pay26 Look! There are _ people in the supermarket. A two thousands of B thousand of C two thousand of D thousands of 27 -Summer holiday is coming! _ will you go to Hainan for a trip? -In a few w