八年级英语新目标上 unit 6--10 知识复习辅导

1、Unit 6 Im going to study computer science一、词组、短语：1、grow up 长大，2、every day每天，3、be sure about对某事确信， 4、make sure 确信/有把握， 5、sendto把发送到/把寄，6、be able to 能/能够 ，7、 the meaning of 的意思/含义， 8、 different kinds of 不同种类的，9、in common通常，10、 at the beginning of 在开始的时候， 11、write down写下/记下，12、 have to do with必须处理某事，13

2、、take up 开始从事/着手处理/接受，14、 hardly ever 几乎不，15、tooto太而不能二、习惯用法、搭配want to do sth. 想做某事， be going to + 动词原形：将要做某事，practice doing sth. 练习做某事， keep on doing sth.继续做某事，learn to do sth. 学会做某事， finish doing sth做完某事，promise to do sth.答应做某事， help sb. to do sth.协助某人做某事，remember to do sth. 记住要做某事， agree to do st

3、h.同意做某事，love to do sth.喜欢做某事，be going to 的用法三、重要句子（语法）What do you want to be when you grow up? I want to be an engineer.How are you going to do that? Im going to study math really hard.Where are you going to work? Im going to move to Shanghai.When are you going to start? Im going to start when I fin

4、ish high school and college.四、词语辨析1 promise vt. 保证，许诺。有三种结构：1)promise to do sth. My mother promised to buy a piano for me.2)promise sb. sth. My aunt promised me a bike.3)promise + that 从句Tom promises that he can return on mise n. 允诺， 诺言Lily is a dishonest girl. She never keeps a promise.2.wh

5、en 与 while 的区别：when 表示“当时候”，既指时间点，又指一段时间，when 引导的时间状语从句中的动词能够是终止性的也能够是延续性的。When the teacher came in, the students were talking.When she arrives, Ill call you.while 表示“当时候”，仅指一段时间，从句中的动作必须是延续性的，一般强调主从句的动作同时发生， while 还能够作并列连词，意为“ 而、却”，表示对比关系。Lisa was singing while her mother was playing piano.Tom is s

6、trong while his younger brother is week. 3. practice vt. 练习， 后接名词，代词或v-ing 作宾语。Your elder sister is practicing the guitar in the room.常跟v-ing 作宾语的动词有：考虑建议盼原谅：consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse, pardon.承认推迟没得想： admit, delay/put off, fancy.避免错过继续练：avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice.否认完

7、成能欣赏： deny, finish, enjoy, appreciate.不禁介意与逃亡： cant help , mind, escape.不准冒险凭想象： forbid, risk, imagine.4. everyday 与 every day 区别everyday adj. 每天的 在句中作定语，位于名词前。 This is our everyday homework.every day 副词短语， 在句中作状语，位于句首或句末。 He reads books every day. Unit 7 Will people have robots?一、词组、短语：1、on compute

8、rs在电脑上，2、on paper在纸上，3、live to be 200 years old 活到200岁， 4、free time空闲时间，5、in danger 在危险中，6、on the earth在世界上7、play a part in sth 在某方面出力/做贡献，8、space station太空站，8、look for寻找，9、computer programmer 电脑程序师， 10、in the future 在将来， 11、hundreds of成百上千的，12、the sameas与一样， 13、 over and over again 反复， 14、get bored

9、 无聊， 15、wake up醒来/唤醒，16、look like 看起来像， 17、fall down倒下/落下二、重要句子（语法）1、will + 动词原形 将要做 2、fewer/more + 可数名词复数 更少/更多3、less/more + 不可数名词 更少/更多 4、try to do sth. 尽力做某事5、have to do sth 不得不做某事 6、 agree with sb. 同意某人的意见7、such + 名词（词组） 如此 8、play a part in doing sth 参与做某事9、make sb do sth 让某人做某事 10、help sb with

10、sth 协助某人做某事11、There will be + 主语 + 其他 将会有. 12、There is/are + sb. + doing sth 有正在做13、It is + 形容词 + for sb + to do sth 做某事对某人来说语法：What will the future be like? Cities will be more polluted. And there will be fewer trees.Will people use money in 100 years? No, they wont. Everything will be free.Will th

11、ere be world peace? Yes, I hope so.Kids will stuffy at home on computers. They wont go to school. Countable nouns Uncountable nouns There will be more people. There will be more pollution. There will be fewer trees. There will be less free time.四、词语辨析：1. every 与 each 的区别：every 用来表整体，each 用来表个别。each

12、最低需是两，every 最低需是三。every adj.every 作主用单数，each 可单也可复，作主、作定用单数，其他情况用复数。 each adj./ pron.Every teacher knows her. There are lots of trees on each side of the road.Each of the road has a dictionary.2. on the earth 在地球上，作地点状语，位于句首或句末。 on earth 究竟，到底。用于疑问句或副词后，增强语气。All the living things on the earth depend

13、 on the sun. / What on earth do you mean?3. human, 指包括男人女人孩子的“人，人类”，有别于动物,自然景物，机器等的特殊群体，也可指具体的人。 person, 无性别之分，常用于数目不太大，而且数目比较精确的场合。people, 泛指“人们”，表示复数概念。man,前不带冠词而且单独使用时，指“男人”，a man 可指“一个人/ 一个男人”，复数形式为men.He was the only human on the island. There are only three persons in the room.There are many p

14、eople there.Man is stronger than woman.4. seem 连系动词，好像，似乎，看来。有下面几种用法：seem + 名词 看起来。He seems a nice man.seem like 好像，似乎。 It seemed like a good idea at the time.seem to do sth. 似乎/看起来/好像做某事。 I seem to have left my book at home.It seems/seemed that 看起来好像, 似乎. He was very happy.seem to be + 形容词/名词 = see

15、m + 形容词/名词。 She seems to be happy.= She seems happy.5. probably ad. maybe 相当于 perhaps. 也许，大概，可能。作状语.probably 用于句中，可能性最大。 He will probably come tomorrow.maybe/perhaps 用于句首。 Maybe/Perhaps you are right.1. during / for / in 介词，在期间。说到某事是在某一段时间之间发生的用during; 说到某事持续多久则用for; 说到某事具体发生的时间用in.We visited many p

16、laces of interest during the summer holiday.Ive been here for two weeks.They usually leave school in July.一般将来时结构：肯定式： 主语 + will/shall + 动词原形 + 其他 will 用于各种人称，shall 用于第一人称。 主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 其他 be 随人称、数和时间的变化而变换。否定式： 在will/shall/be 后面加 not. will not = wont .一般疑问句： 将will/shall/be 提到主语前面。There

17、 be 句型的一般将来时：There will be + 主语 + 其他 ，意为 ：将会有。一般疑问句形式为： Will there be + 主语 + 其他。肯定回答是： Yes, there will. 否定回答是： No, there wont.否定形式是：There wont be + 主语 + 其他， 将不会有特殊疑问句是： 疑问词/ 词组 + 一般疑问句？ When will there be a nice basketball match?Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?一、词组、短语：1、milk shake 奶昔， 2、t

18、urn on打开，3、 pour into 倒入，4、a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶， 5、 a good idea 一个好主意，6、on Saturday 在星期六，7、 cut up 切碎， 8、put into 放入，9、one more thing 还有一件事， 10、a piece of一片/一张/一块， 11、at this time在此时，12、a few 几个， 13、fillwith 用装满， 14、coverwith 用盖住，15、one by one一个接一个，16、a long time长时间，二、习惯用法、搭配1、How many + 可数名词复数 2、Ho

19、w much + 不可数名词，3、let sb. do sth.让某人做某事，4、want to do sth.想要做某事， 5、forget to do sth. 忘记要做的事情， 6、how to do sth.怎样做某事，7、There are many reasons for 某事有几个原因/理由，8、 一段时间 +ago ， 9、by doing sth.10、need to do sth. 需要做某事， 11、make + 宾语 + 形容词 ， 12、Its time(for sb) to do sth某人该做某事的时间到了。13、FirstNextThenFinally三、重要句

20、子Turn on the blender.启动搅拌器， How do you make a banana milk shake?你怎样做香蕉奶昔？How many bananas do we need? 我们需要几个香蕉？How much yogurt do we need?我们需要多少酸奶？Now, its time to enjoy the rice noodles!啊，该品尝大米面条。语法：How do you make a banana milk shake? First, peel the banana. Next, put the banana in the blender. Th

21、en, pour the milk into the blender. Finally, turn on the blender. Countable nouns Uncountable nounsHow many bananas do we need? How much yogurt do we need?We need three bananas. We need one cup of yogurt.主谓一致15个常考点：1 表示时间，重量，数目，价格，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，即使他们是复数形式，但如果把这些复数形式的词或短语看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 Two mon

22、ths is quite a long time. Twenty dollars is enough.2 动词不定式，动名词，从句或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 To see is to believe. It is not easy to master a foreign language.3 由and连接两个成分作主语时，要根据其表示的意义来决定谓语动词的形式。如果其表示的是一个整体的概念或指的是同一事物，谓语动词用单数，如果其表示的是两个不同的对象时，谓语动词用复数。 The writer and the teacher are coming. The poet and teac

23、her is one of my friends.4 集合名词people，police一般看作复数意义，其谓语动词用复数。另外一些集合名词family，class等作主语时，谓语动词是用单数还是复数，要根据这些词在句中的实际含义而定。当他们表示的是整体意义时，谓语用单数；当他们强调个体成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。In England, people eat fish and chips.The Chinese people（民族）is a great people，but the Chinese people are brave and hard-working people.中华民族是个伟

24、大的民族，而中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。5 名词性物主代词mine，yours，his，hers， its，ours，theirs等作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于该代词所表示的意义是单数还是复数。His parents are young, but mine are old.6 以s结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，如news，physics，politics等。 No news is good news. Physics is the most difficult subject for him.7 由or，eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut als

25、o等词连接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数和最接近的主语一致。 Neither you nor Li Hua has been to Shanghai before.8 以there，here开头的句子，若主语不止一个，其谓语动词的形式和邻近的那个主语一致。 There is a table and four chairs in the room. Here are some books and paper for you.9 trousers，clothes，glasses，compasses，chopsticks等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。但如果前面有a pair of短语时，谓语动词用单

26、数。 Jims trousers are brown. The pair of glasses is Mr. Greens.10 由“a lot of/lots of/plenty of+名词”或“分数+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数根据名词的单复数而定。 A lot of people have been to London. Three-fifths of the water is dirty.11 “a number of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 A great number of birds fly t

27、o the south in winter. The number of lions does not change much if people leave things as they are.12代词something，anything，nothing，everyone，anybody，nobody，each，neither，either，little，much，one等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Neither of us is a boy。 Each of them has an English dictionary。 One of the students was late f

28、or school。13All，some none，most，any等代词作主语时，若其指复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式；若其指单数形式，则谓语动词用单数形式。 Not all work is difficult。 Not all the students are here。14有些形容词前面加上定冠词the，如the poor，the old，the yong，the rich，the dying等用来表示一类人时，主语为复数意义，谓语动词用复数。 The old are good taken care of。15Toms and Bobs rooms are the same. A and

29、Bs 表示两人共有一样东西，后常跟单数名词，谓语常用单三。 Tom and Bobs room isnt the same.四、词语辨析1、turn on 打开，接通（电源，气，水），反义词是turn off. turn up/turn down 调高/低音量。1. pourinto 将倒入/灌入 into 是：进入 in 是：在内。在put, throw, break, lay, fall 等动词之后，既可用in，也可用into。但in可作副词，into不能。He put all the books in/into the bag. Come in!请进！3. 相关make 的短语： mak

30、e the bed 铺床 ， make tea沏茶 ，make trouble 惹麻烦，make money 赚钱 ， make a decision 做决定，make a telephone call 打电话，make a visit 拜访 ， make a mistake 犯错误 ， make a noise 弄出噪音，make a living 谋生 ， make sure 务必4. one more thing = another one thing 基数词 + more + 名词 = another + 基数词 + 名词5. fill with 用填充 be filled with

31、= be full of 充满.The boy filled the bottle with sand. / The bag was full of clothes.6. coverwith 用把覆盖 be covered with 被所覆盖。 cover n. 封面，盖子。Ann covered her face with her hands. / The cover of the magazine is nice.7. Its time (for sb) to do sth. 到某人做某事的时候了。Its time for sth. 到做某事的时候了。Unit 9 Can you come

32、 to my party?一、词组、短语：1、on Saturday afternoon 在星期六下午， 2、have to 必须，3、 prepare for 准备，4、go to the doctor去看病，5、have the flu 患流感，6、help my parents给父母帮忙，7、come to the party 参加晚会，8、meet my friend见朋友，9、go to the party 参加晚会， 10、too much homework 太多的家庭作业， 11、go to the movies去看电影， 12、another time下次，13、last fa

33、ll 去年秋天，14、hang out 闲逛， 15、after school 放学后，16、on the weekend 在周末， 17、study for a test备考，18、visit grandparents 拜访爷爷奶奶， 19、the day before yesterday 前天，20、the day after tomorrow后天， 21、have a piano lesson 上钢琴课， 22、look after 照看，23、accept an invitation 接受邀请，24、turn down an invitation拒绝邀请，25、take a trip

34、参加郊游，26、at the end of this month在本月底， 27、look forward to 期望/渴望，28、 the opening of开幕/开业，29、reply in writing 写回信，30、go shopping 购物，31、do homework 做作业，32、go to the concert参加音乐会， 33、notuntil 不直到才二、习惯用法、搭配1、invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事， 2、What a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 （+ 主语 + 谓语）！3、help sb. (to) do sth 协助某人做某

35、事， 4、What + 形容词 + 名词复数/不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）！5、be sad to do sth. 做某事感到悲伤，6、see sb to do sth /see sb doing sth看见某人做某事，7、the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方法， 8、have a surprise party for sb为某人举办一个惊喜的晚会，9、look forward to doing sth. 期望做某事，10、reply to sth/sb.回答某人/回答某事，11、Whats today? 今天星期几，几月几日？12、Whats the date t

36、oday?今天几月几日？ 13、What day is it today?今天星期几？三、重要句子：1、Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?星期六下午你能参加我的晚会吗？2、Sure, Id love to. / Sorry， I cant. I have to prepare for an exam.语法：Can you come to my party on Saturday? Sure, Id love to. /Sorry, I must study for a math test.Can you go to the movie

37、 tomorrow night? Sure. That sound great. Im afraid not. I have the flu.Can he go to the party? No, he cant. He has to help his parents.Can she go to the baseball game? No, shes not available. She must go to the doctor.Can they go to the movie? No, theyre not free. They might have to meet their frien

38、ds.四、词语辨析1、prepare意为“准备”，强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这个动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定式。prepare for sth. 为准备好。for的宾语不是动作的承受者，而是表示准备的目的，即所要应付的情况。 / prepare to do sth 准备做某事。 prepare 强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这个动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定式。get/be ready意为“准备好”，强调准备的结果。常见结构有：be ready(for sth)get sth. ready be ready(for sth)be get ready to do(准备干

39、某事，乐于干某事)We _ the mid-term examination. Miss Li said, “Everyone should _before class.2. have the flu 患感冒, have a cold 感冒 ,have a cough 咳嗽, have a fever 发烧 , have a sore throat 喉咙痛, have a headache 头痛 ,have a toothache 牙痛，3. hang out 常去某处，泡在某处, hang on 紧紧抓住, hang about 闲荡, hang up 挂电话，悬挂，挂起4. catch y

40、ou =see you = bye bye ,catch a cold感冒 , catch sbs eye引起某人注意, catch the train 赶上火车 catch up with =keep up with 赶上，跟上 ,catch hold of=take hold of 抓住5.accept 接受 , 反义词为： refuse。 accept指主观上愿意接受，receive 收到，指客观上收到或拿到，但主观上不一定会接受。 I received his gift yesterday, but I wouldnt like to accept it.1. turn down =

41、refuse 拒绝 turn up 放大，调高 turn over 翻身 take turns 依次，轮流2. help sb.(to) do sth 协助某人做某事 help sb. with sth 在某方面协助人 help oneself to sth 随便吃3. at the end of 在末尾，在尽头， by the end of 到末为止 in the end of 终于4. surprised 形容词，感到意外的，主语是人be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到意外surprising 形容词，令人惊讶的，主语是物 The news was surpring.

42、surprise 名词，惊奇、惊讶 to ones surprise使某人吃惊，动词，使惊奇，使感到意外 It surprise sb to do sth.5. look forward to 期待，盼望，to 是介词，后跟名词，代词或动名词作宾语。hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 = receive a letter from sb.hear of = hear about 听说6. make it 在约定的时间内到达，能够来 = arrive in time; Glad you could make it.商量确定的时间，表示将来某项计划的安排，后接时间状语。 Lets make

43、 it at seven oclock on Tuesday.成功办成某事 = succeed After years of hard work, he finally made it.7. reply 回答，指用口头或书面形式回答，不及物动词 reply to sb/sth. 对.作出回答。作及物动词，意为 回答，回答说。作名词，意为：答道，回信，答复，后跟介词 to .answer 是最普通的用语，包括口头，书面或行动的回答，可作及物和不及物动词。 Unit 10 If you go to the party, youll have a great time!一、词组、短语：1、go to

44、 the party 参加晚会，2、have a great /good time 玩的开心，3、 stay at home，呆在家，4、take the bus乘公交车，5、 tomorrow night明天晚上，6、have a class party 开班级晚会，7、have a class meeting 开班会， 8、half the class 全班一半人，9、 make some food 做食物， 10、at the party 在晚会上，11、 order food 预定食物，12、potato chips薯条， 13、be angry with sb.对某人生气，14、gi

45、ve sb some advice给某人建议/劝告，15、travel around the world 周游世界，16、go to college 上大学， 17、make（a lot of）money 挣钱/赚钱 18、get an education上学/受教育 ，19、work hard 努力工作/努力学习， 20、a soccer player 一个足球运动员， 21、keepto oneself 把留给自己/独处/避免与人交往， 22、talk to sb.与某人谈话， 23、in life在一生中， 24、 in the end 在最后，25、be angry at/about

46、sth 因某事而生气，26、 make mistakes 弄错/出差错，27、in the future 在将来， 28、run away逃跑，29、the first step第一步，30、in half 成半，31、solve a problem解决难题， 32、school clean-up学校大扫除二、习惯用法、搭配1、ask sb. to do sth 请某人做某事，2、give sb sth.给某人某物，3、tell sb. to do sth 告诉某人做某事， 4、tooto do sth太不能做某事,5、be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事， 6、advise

47、sb to do sth劝说某人做某事，7、Its best (not)to do sth.做某事最好。8、need to do sth需要做某事，三、重要句子（语法）1、I think Ill take the bus to the party. 2、If you do, youll be late.3、What will happen if they have the party today? 4、If they have it today, half the class wont come.5、Should we ask people to bring food? 6、If we ask

48、 people to bring food, 7、Theyll just bring potato chips and chocolate.常用不规则动词分类表为了协助同学们记住不规则动词，现在把教材中出现的不规则动词分为几个类型，每个类型中又分若干组，尽量找出每组中各词变化形式的共同点，以协助记忆。 1. A-A-A型（现在式、过去式和过去分词同形） 动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt

49、 hurt 伤 2. A-A-B型（现在式和过去式同形） beat beat beaten 打 3. A-B-A型（现在式和过去分词同形） come came come 来 become became become 变 run ran run 跑 4. A -B -B型 （1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见 （2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去

50、分词。 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费 （3）其他 pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想 sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站

51、 understand understood understood 明白 win won won 得胜 shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光 catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教 feel felt felt 觉得 fight fought fought 战斗 find found found 发现 get got got 得到 hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死 挂 have had had 有 hold held held 盛，握 leave lef t left 离开 make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见 sell sold sold 卖 shoot shot shot 射击 tell told told