高中英语 阶段仿真检测（一）新人教版选修10

1、阶段仿真检测（一）A卷学业水平达标【说明】本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) AResearchers believe that the insect is better at managing congestion (拥挤) than humans.Ants are the most numerous type of animal on Earth with brains that contain about 250,000 cells the largest among insects.Now collective intelligenc

2、e expert Dr.Dirk Helbing says understanding more about ants could help solve one of the headaches of modern life road congestion.His team set up an “ant motorway” with two routes of different widths from the nest to some sugar syrup (糖浆). Soon the narrower route became congested. But when an ant ret

3、urning along the congested route to the nest collided with another ant just starting out, the returning ant pushed the newcomer onto the other path. However, if the returning ant had enjoyed a troublefree journey it did not redirect the newcomer.The result was that just before the shortest route bec

4、ame clogged the ants were diverted (转移) to another route and traffic jams never formed.The researchers also created a computer model of more complex ant networks with routes of different lengths. The team found that even though ants being rerouted sometimes took a longer route, they still got to the

5、 food quickly and efficiently.Dr.Helbing, of the Dresden University of Technology in Germany, said that while you cannot allow cars to collide with vehicles coming in the opposite direction as a form of traffic control, you could do the next best thing and allow them to communicate.His plan is to fo

6、rce cars traveling in one direction to tell oncoming vehicles what traffic conditions they are about to encounter so they can take evasive (回避的) action if necessary.1The first paragraph implies that_.Aants are clever and good at dealing with traffic jams because of developed brain functionBants have

7、 a special way to manage congestionCinsects are similar to animals in dealing with traffic jams because of developed brain functionDinsects have more advantages than humans解析：选A在昆虫中蚂蚁大脑的细胞最多，所以比较聪明，擅长处理交通问题。2The underlined word “clogged” can be replaced by _ in the following four words.AcleanedBcrow

8、dedCnarrowed Dshortened解析：选B语境为：在最近的路线变得拥堵之前，蚂蚁就转向了另外一条路线，如此，“交通堵塞”永远不会出现。由此可知画线词为“拥挤”之意。3If an ant returns along the crowded route to the nest, how will the ant solve the traffic problem?AThe ant will change the direction of its own.BThe ant will stop the newcomer from moving ahead and force the ne

9、wcomer to wait here patiently.CThe ant cant redirect the newcomer.DThe ant will push the newcomer to the other route, so traffic jams wont form.解析：选D由第三段的第三句话可知答案。4Whats the advice that Dr.Helbing gives us?AThe cars cannot be allowed to communicate with vehicles coming in the opposite direction.BThe

10、 cars can communicate with vehicles in the same direction.CThe cars travel in one direction and tell oncoming vehicles about the traffic conditions.DWe should build more routes of different lengths and widths.解析：选C由最后一段可知答案。BHow can a parent help to foster healthy selfesteem in a child? Here are som

11、e tips that can make a big difference：Watch what you say. Children are very sensitive to parents words. Remember to praise your child not only for a job well done, but also for effort.But be truthful. For example, if your child doesnt make the soccer team, avoid saying something like, “Well, next ti

12、me youll work harder and make it.” Instead, say something like “Well you didnt make the team, but Im really proud of the effort you put into it.”Be a positive role model. If you are excessively harsh (严酷的) on yourself, pessimistic, or unrealistic about your abilities and limitations. Your child may

13、eventually mirror you. Raise your own selfesteem, and your child will have a great role model.Identify and redirect your childs inaccurate beliefs. Its important for parents to identify kids irrational beliefs about themselves, whether they are about perfection, attractiveness, ability, or anything

14、else. Helping your child set more accurate standards and be more realistic in evaluating himself or herself will help your child have a more healthy selfconcept. For example, a child who does very well in school but struggles with math may say, “I cant do math. Im a bad student.” Not only is this a

15、false generalization, but its also a belief that will set your child up for failure. Encourage your child to see the situation in its true light. A helpful response might be：“You are a good student. You do well in school. Math is just a subject that you need to spend more time on. Well work on it to

16、gether.”Help your child become involved in constructive experiences. Activities that encourage cooperation rather than competition are especially helpful in fostering selfesteem. For example, mentoring (辅导的) programs in which an older child helps a younger one learn to read can do wonders for both c

17、hildren.5The passage mainly gives advice on_.Ahow to set up a good parentchild relationBhow to raise your childs selfesteemChow to make a difference to your childs lifeDhow to help your child set up healthy selfesteem解析：选D主旨大意题。综观全文，特别是从文章第一段可知，本文介绍的是应该怎样培养孩子健康的自尊心而不是提高孩子的自尊心。因此不选B。6According to the

18、 passage, you can praise your child_.Aonly when he succeedsBif he has tried his bestCwhether he succeeds or failsDfor his effort instead of good outcome解析：选B细节理解题。文章第一部分介绍表扬孩子不仅因为他做得好，还要表扬他付出的努力。7In order to set a good role model, a parent should be_.Avery strict with himself or herselfBconfident of

19、 his or her own abilityCoptimistic and realisticDblind to his or her limitation解析：选C推理判断题。从文章第二部分判断，父母如果太严酷，太悲观以及不切实际都会对孩子造成不良影响。8The underlined word “irrational” in part three probably means “_”AunreasonableBunclearCdoubtful Dpractical解析：选A词义猜测题。从单词所在句后面的句子“要帮助孩子树立正确的标准，要让他/她对自己有现实的评价”可推出，单词的意思与后文表

20、达的意思相反，因此单词的意思是“不合理的”。CLife is difficult.It is a great truth because once we truly understand and accept it. Then life is no longer difficult.Most do not fully see this truth. Instead they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy. It seems to them that difficulties re

21、present a special kind of suffering especially forced upon them or else upon their families, their class, or even their nation.What makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one. Problems, depending on their nature, cause us sadness or, loneliness or regret

22、 or anger or fear.These are uncomfortable feelings, often as painful as any kind of physical pain. And since life causes an endless series of problems, life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.Yet, it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning. Problems

23、 are the serious test that tells us success from failure. When we desire to encourage the growth of human spirit, we encourage the human ability to solve problems, just as in school we set problems for our children to solve. It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn. A

24、s Benjamin Franklin said, “Those things that hurt, instruct.” It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems.9From the passage, it can be inferred that _.Aeverybody has problemsBwe become stronger by meeting and solving the problems of lifeClife is diffi

25、cult because our problems bring us painDpeople like to complain about their problems解析：选B推理判断题。文章告诉了人们这样一个道理：生活是艰难的，但艰难的生活是有意义的。10The main idea of paragraph three is that _.Amost people feel life is easyBthe writer feels life is easyCthe writer likes to complain about his problemsDmost people compla

26、in about how hard their lives are解析：选D主旨大意题。从第三段的第一句和第二句话得出答案：人们经常抱怨生活的艰辛。11The saying from Benjamin Franklin “Those things that hurt, instruct” suggest that _.Awe do not learn from experienceBwe do not learn when we are painCpain teaches us important lessonsDpain cannot be avoided解析：选C细节理解题。从文中的“It

27、 is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn”一句话可以得出答案。12What kind of feeling is not caused by problems?ASadness and fear.BLoneliness and anger.CRegret and pain.DOther problems and joy.解析：选D细节理解题。由第四段可知，问题可以带给人们sadness，loneliness，regret，anger或fear以及pain，但却不会给人们带来快乐。D(新课标全国卷

28、) The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity ChallengeDare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece

29、of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Camb

30、ridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue, Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February 8th.Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speakers will also present prizes to the students. Win

31、ning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will be exhibited and prizes will be given. Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served. Between March 10th and March 15th, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and

32、the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information are available at：http：/cambridgesciencefestival. org.语篇解读：本文介绍了剑桥科学节好奇心挑战活动的相关信息。13Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?ASchool students.BCambridge locals.CCSF winners.DMIT artists.解析：选A细节理解题。从文章第一段第二句“

33、The challenge invites，even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to .”可知，该项目是让学生来参赛的。14When will the prizegiving ceremony be held?AOn February 8th.BOn March 10th.COn March 15th.DOn April 21st.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段的前两句可知，4月21日将举行一个颁奖活动，为获奖者颁奖。15What type of writing is this text?AAn exhibition

34、 guide.BAn art show review.CAn announcement.DAn official report.解析：选C主旨大意题。本文介绍了剑桥科学节好奇心挑战活动的目的、参赛者的情况、颁奖的时间、提交作品的日期等，由此可判断本文是一则通知。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Although problems are a part of our lives, it certainly doesnt mean that we let them rule our lives forever. One day or the other, youll have to

35、stand up and say problem, I dont want you in my life._16_ Problems with friends, parents, girlfriends, husbands, and children the list goes on. Apart from these, the inner conflicts within ourselves work, too. These keep adding to our problems. Problems come in different shapes, colors and feelings.

36、But good news is that all problems can be dealt with. Now read on to know how to solve your problems.Talk about your problems. What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help. _17_ Talking helps you move on and let go. Write your problems.

37、_18_ When you write down your problems, you are setting free all the tension from your system. You can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems. By doing this, imagine yourself throwing away the problems from your life.Dont lose faith and hope. No matter what you lose in life, do

38、nt lose faith and hope. Even if you lose all your money, family . you should still have faith. _19_Your problems arent the worst. No matter what problem you get in life, therere another one million people whose problems are huger than yours._20_ Your problems might just seem big and worse, but in re

39、ality they can be removed.Go about and solve your problems because every problem，however big or small, always has a way out.A. But the truth is that when you talk about it, youre setting free the negative energies that have been gathering within you.BWhen we have a pressing, critical, urgent, and li

40、fethreatening problem, how do we try to solve it?CTell yourself: when they can deal with them, why cant I?DOf course, weve been fighting troubles ever since we were born.EWe can often overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack.FHaving a personal diary can also be of huge hel

41、p if you dont want a real person to talk with.GWith faith and hope, you can rebuild everything that you lose.答案：1620DAFGC.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)I remember a very special doctor named William RVincent. When I was eight years old I was with a(n) _21_ heart problem and I needed heart operation. My m

42、om did not have the _22_ to have it done, but without the operation I _23_ not live to be 13 years old. After _24_ in touch with several organizations, Dr Vincent was _25_ to get financial (金融的) help for me.Dr Vincent was very _26_ and caring. I remember when I was in the hospital for a _27_ before

43、operation, I was crying loudly. So the medical workers _28_ Dr Vincent to calm me down, and he was able to _29_ me when no one else could. _30_ the time came for me to have heart operation; there was a fiftypercent chance that I would not make it through the operation. _31_ I was only the second or

44、third person to have it.I was really _32_， and again Dr Vincent reassured me he would see to it that _33_ would be all right.Fortunately, the operation was _34_ painful but very successful. Dr Vincent came to see me and _35_ me a lovely animal. I was so surprised to get this _36_ from Dr Vincent; I

45、gave him a hug. I had a wonderful doctor who _37_ the time to help a scared little girl who felt all _38_. This was 28 years ago, but wherever Dr Vincent are, I want to thank him for not only _39_ my life, but helping me live a(n) _40_ productive life.21A.seriousBdeadlyCheavy Dstrange解析：选A从下文中“I nee

46、ded heart operation”的情况看，这里是“serious heart problem”。其中deadly“致命的”；heavy“沉重的”；strange“奇怪的”，这些意思均不符合题意。22A.will BpatienceCmoney Denergy解析：选C根据下文中“get financial help”可以知道，这里指妈妈没有钱，而不是没有“毅力、耐心或精力”。23A.should BwouldCshall Dmust解析：选B此处是过去将来时态的情景。本句的意思是“不做手术就会活不到13岁”。should和shall“应该”；must“必须”，都不符合上下文的意思。24

47、A.keeping BlosingCholding Dgetting解析：选D结合本句后面的“several organizations”和“get financial help”，这里是指“和几个组织取得联系之后”，get in touch with“和取得联系”符合题意。25A.able BreadyCeager Dhappy解析：选A此处说明Dr Vincent具备这种能力。be able to do sth.意思是“能够做某事”；be ready to do sth.“准备做某事”；be eager to do sth.“渴望做某事”；be happy to do sth.“高兴做某事

48、”。根据它们的意思，A项符合这里的情景。26A.quiet BrichChonest Dgentle解析：选D结合下文Dr Vincent对“我”的言行举止来看，Dr Vincent是一位“温文尔雅、善良而且有耐心的”人，所以用gentle来形容他很恰当。27A.check BresearchCtest Dwatch解析：选C根据“before operation”可知，此处是指做手术之前“test”。check“检查，核实”；research“研究”；watch“观看”；test“检验，测试”，侧重于通过一定的技术、仪器等手段。28A.called on Bcalled atCcalled

49、up Dcalled in解析：选D从上文中的“I was crying”到下文中的“Dr Vincent to calm me down”可知，“我”哭的时候Dr Vincent并不在场，所以这时是“call in”。call on指“拜访某人”；call at指“拜访某地”；call up有“打电话”的意思；call in在此处的意思是“请进来”。29A.prevent BcomfortCprotect Dmove解析：选B上文中的“.to calm me down”是重要的解题线索；所以选comfort(安慰)；而prevent“阻止”；protect“保护”；move“移动”，这些均和

50、上下文的意思不符。30A.Later BHoweverCInstead DLuckily解析：选A联系上文中的“have a test”可知，“后来”(later)才到了做手术的时间。这四个词都是副词，later“后来”；luckily“幸运地”；instead“代替”；however“然而”，表示转折。根据上下文的逻辑关系及意义，这里指“后来”。 31A.At times BIn timeCAt the time DIn no time解析：选Cat times“有时候”；in time“及时地”；at the time“那时候”；in no time“马上”。根据上下文语境，“我”在那时是

51、“the second or third person to have it”。32A.surprised BfrightenedCsatisfied Ddelighted解析：选B根据本段中的“I was crying”以及“I was only the second or third person to have it.”等内容都可以看出“我”是害怕的(frightened)。33A.nothing BanythingCsomething Deverything解析：选D根据本句中的“Dr Vincent reassured me he would see to it that . ”，是

52、想说明一切(everything)都会好的。其他选项和此处的语境不一致。34A.extremely BspeciallyCfairly Dhardly解析：选A根据后面“.but very successful”所表示出的逻辑关系，说明手术是“十分”(extremely)痛苦地。35A.took BcarriedCbrought Dheld解析：选C从上文能够推测出，这里是指Dr Vincent给我“带来”(bring)一个可爱的小动物。take强调“拿走”；carry侧重“携带”；hold“拿着”。36A.thing BawardCsupport Dgift解析：选D联系上文中的“broug

53、ht me a lovely animal”，和下文中的“I gave him a hug”可以选出正确选项。37A.made BtookClost Dwasted解析：选B根据后面的“the time”知道，这里指“花费”(take)时间；A、C和D项均不符合题意。38A.alone BstrangeCcomfortable Dsick解析：选A根据上文中的“a scared little girl”，说明这里作者手术后没人陪伴，其感觉是“孤单的”(alone)。39A.giving BsavingCsending Dpassing解析：选B结合“This was 28 years ago”

54、说明这位医生当年“拯救”了作者的性命；save ones life是“救了某人的命”。此处描述了作者的感受，也是全文的一个总结。40A.common BusualCnormal Dordinary解析：选C这里是指过正常的(normal)生活。common“常见的”；usual“通常的”；normal“正常的”；ordinary“普通的”。.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)Last summer, my friend and I hired a car and headed for Toronto. We didnt book a hotel room as it was a

55、t the beginning of September and we thought it would be easy for us _41_ (find) a hotel.We _42_ (drive) for five hours when the weather changed and it looked like a thunderstorm was coming. We got lost and both were exhausted _43_ I saw an old lady parking her car. I stopped and asked if she knew a

56、hotel nearby. She said there was a hotel down the road, _44_ it would have been closed. The _45_ (love) old lady looked at me I must have had a really anxious look on my face, and said, “Why dont you girls just stay the night at _46_ house? Ill cook for you.”We ended up going to _47_ little island in Lake Muskoka, where her husband was just working on his boat. We slept in the comfortable beds they built _48_ their kids and grandchildren, and they c