第五单元教学内容及过程

1、第五单元教学内容及过程The First Period: Leading-in ClassTeaching ProcessMethod and Time Step 1 Lead-in: Listening Practice: (materials: Part II Listening-centered activities)Questions for discussion:(1) What organization released the new statistics on AIDS?(2) What percentage of the population infected with HI

2、V in 2004 were children?(3) What do you think is the greatest health risk to human beings?listening & pair work (15 minutes)Step 2 Background introductionAIDS and HIVAIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome:Acquired means you can get infected with it; Immune Deficiency means a weakness in

3、 the bodys system that fights diseases;Syndrome means a group of health problems that make up a disease. AIDS is defined as occurring in people with antibodies (抗体) to a virus called Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which is thought to have originated in African monkeys and passed to human popula

4、tions during the twentieth century. HIV spreads through contact with infected blood, infected sexual partners, or within the womb of an infected pregnant mother. AIDS usually develops in four stages: (1) In the first stage, there is only infection by HIV and antibody production; (2) In the second st

5、age, the lymph nodes (淋巴结) enlarge; (3) In the third stage, an infected person may begin to have such signs as tiredness, fever, and night sweats; (4) In the last stage, AIDS is diagnosed when a person develops certain uncommon, life-threatening illnesses, for example, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

6、 (卡氏肺囊虫肺炎). AIDS is a global, human epidemic. The World Health Organization and UNAIDS estimated that between 2.8 and 3.5 million people with AIDS died in 2004. An estimated 22 million people with AIDS have died since 1981. However, these statistics are only estimates, as it is not known how many pe

7、ople have actually died of AIDS.Students presentation and discussion ( 20minutes)Step 3 Discussion:Questions for discussion (1)what do you know about AIDS and its transmission?Group discussion and oral report(15 minutes)The 2nd and 3th Periods: In-class ReadingTeaching ProcessMethod and TimeStep 1 L

8、ead-in: oral report on AIDSOne of the students is assigned to search the internet for information about AIDS and make an oral report to classOral report(15 minutes)Step 2: Analysis on the important language points. (Para.1-Para. 7)1.（L1）immune：adj. exempt豁免的，免除的 not affected by a given influence; un

9、responsive不受影 响的，没有反应的 (Immunology) of, relating to, or having immunity to infection by a specific pathogen (免疫学)免疫的 【用法】be to 对有免疫力 be against,/ from免受（伤害）的e.g. a) immune from taxation 免于纳税b) The criminal was told he would be immune from punishment if he helped the police.罪犯被告知说,如果他协助警方,就可以免受惩罚。 c)

10、 He is immune to diphtheria.他对白喉有免疫力。2.（L1）deficiency: (复数)deficiencies n.a lack or shortage, especially of something essential to health; an insufficiency 不足，不够 the quality or condition of being deficient; incompleteness or inadequacy.缺点，缺陷 e.g. a nutritional deficiency 营养缺乏/ a deficiency of protei

11、n蛋白质不足 deficiencies in this plan这项计划的缺陷3.（L1）diagnose: vt. distinguish or identify (a disease, for example) by diagnosis诊断 vi. make a diagnosis作出诊断 e.g. a) The plastic surgeon diagnosed my illness as a rare bone disease.整形外科医生诊断出我的病是一种罕见的骨病。The general practitioner diagnosed the illness of the baby

12、as pneumonia.全科医生把小儿的病诊断为肺炎。The doctor diagnosed the illness as influenza.医生诊断此病为流行感冒。The teacher diagnosed the boys reading difficulties.老师找出那孩子阅读上困难的原因。 b) The doctor said that he could not diagnose at that time.这位医生说当时他无法做出判断。4. ( L3 ) infect : vt. put disease into the body of传染 affect in a conta

13、gious way感染；影响e.g. a) It is reported that monkey pox may have infected at least 37 people, though it is not as infectious or fatal as SARS virus.据报道，虽然猴痘没有非典病毒传染性强、致命，但它已感染至少37人。 The disease infected his ears, and he became deaf.这种病使他耳朵受感染，并使他失聪。 b)b) His fear infected me, andI followed as fast as I

14、 could.他的恐惧感染了我，于是我尽快地赶上去。She infected the whole class with her laughter.她的笑声感染了全班同学。 Explanation; exemplification; presentation(50 minutes)Step 3 The comprehension of textAnswering the following questions according to the text of section A:(1) How many American people have been killed by AIDS in th

15、e past few years?(2) According to the passage, what is the fastest growing group infected with AIDS?(3) What are the reasons why some local organization emerged?(4) What is the purpose of forming the South Carolina AIDS Education Network?Group Discussion (15 minutes)Step 4 Discussion(1) Story-tellin

16、g: talk about the action taken by some local organization。 (2) What can we do for the patients infected with AIDS？ Story-telling and discussion (20 minutes)The 4th and 5th Periods: In-class ReadingTeaching ProcessMethod and TimeStep 1 Warm-up activities: number in my lifeEach student thinks of a num

17、ber which is important in his/her life- a date, a telephone or house number, an age, or whatever. A volunteer writes his/her number on the board, and the others try to guess what it is and why it is importantActivities (10 minutes)Step 2: Analysis on the important language points. (para.8-para.14)1.

18、 (L5）constitute: vt. make up; form构成；组成 constitution: n.宪法, 构造, 章程, 惯例e.g. Two semesters and two vacations constitute an academic year.一学年有两个学期和两个假期。 Four college students constitute a young volunteers group to help tutor children of laid-off workers. 四名大学生组成一个青年自愿者小组，帮助辅导下岗职工子女。【词义辨析】compose, consi

19、st of, comprise, constitute这组动词的一般含义为“组成”或“构成”。compose 在表示“由材料构成”时，见于被动语态；在用于主动语态时，一般它所表示的“构成”或“组成”总包含着融合为一，而且主语或者是复数名词或者是集体名词。consist of 的含义与被动语态的 compose 相同。comprise 在表示“构成”时，其内涵是“包括”或“覆盖”。constitute 的主语可以是复数名词也可以是单数名词，所“构成”的事物在属性和特征上，亦或在组织上，与组成成分是一致的。e.g. a) Concrete is composed of cement, sand a

20、nd gravel mixed with water.混凝土由水泥、砂、石子与水掺和而构成。England, Scotland and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士构成大不列颠岛。Mere facts, badlly stated, do not compose a good book.仅仅有资料，如果陈述得很糟糕，并不能组成一本好书；b) Though the costume consists only of a sheet, it was very effective.虽然那件化装服装仅由一条床单组成，但效果很好

21、。New York City consists of five boroughs.纽约市由五个行政区组成His job consists of helping old people who live alone.他的工作包括帮助无人照顾的独居老人。c) The committee comprises men of widely different views.这个委员会由见解甚为悬殊的人组成。These houses do not comprises all his property.这些房产并没有构成他的全部财产。 The house comprises ten rooms.这所房子包括10

22、个房间。Twenty chapters comprise Book One.第一卷有二十章。 d) This growing poverty in the midst of growing poverty constitutes a permanent menace to peace.在这种不断增长的贫困中正在增长着的贫困，构成了对和平的永久的威胁。Seven days constitutes a week.七天构成一个星期。2.（L8）alarm: n.sudden fear or worry惊慌，恐慌 a warning of existing or approaching danger警

23、报 vt. cause sudden fear or worry使惊慌，使恐慌 give warning to警告 【用法】burglar 防盗警报器 secret 暗自惊慌e.g. a) Everyone was alarmed when the alarm bell rang. They heard the fire alarm.他们听到了火警警报。 He was struck with alarm.他饱受惊慌。He sounded the alarm.他鸣警报。b)The side effects of global warming are alarming. My mother was

24、 alarmed when I fell over.当我跌倒的时候，我妈妈很惊慌。 We were much alarmed by the fire in the forest.森林失火使我们大为惊慌。3.（L8）implement: vt. put into practice实现；履行n.a tool or an instrument used in doing work工具，器械 【用法】 the new procedures实施新的程序e.g. a) The city government is implementing its program of helping the disabl

25、ed. 市政府在实施扶助残疾人政策。Funding is needed to implement Project Hope.要实施“希望工程”，需要资金投入。 b) This kind of implement is for special use.这种工具有特别的用途。【词义辨析】implement，instrument，tool，applianceimplement，instrument，tool和appliance都含“工具”的意思。implement指“在工作中任何有用或必需的器械”, 尤指“较简单的农田或园艺工具”。instrument指“用于精细工作或科学技术的工具”。tool 多

26、指“手工操作的简单工具”。appliance指“工具”、“器具”、“器械”、“电气用具”。e.g. a) new types of farm implements新式农具b) surgical instruments外科器械 c) tools for carpenters木工工具 d) an appliance for opening tin cans开马口铁罐头的器具4. ( L9 ) emerge: vi. come or appear; become known出现;显露【用法】 from behind从后面冒出来e.g. a) He emerged as the most valuab

27、le player.他作为最有价值的球员出现。Advanced figures are emerging in multitude in this era of ours.在我们这个时代先进人物正在大量地涌现出来。Data clearly show that Asias emerging markets still mainly prefer US dollars.数据明确显示：亚洲正在崛起的市场仍然主要偏爱美元。b) The sun emerged from behind the clouds.太阳从云层后面露出来。The moon emerged from behind the cloud

28、s.月亮从云后出现。Explanation; exemplification; presentation(50 minutes) Step 3 The comprehension of the textAnswering the Following Questions according to the text of section A(1) Why is it impossible to hand out AIDS literature and expect people to read it in some communities?(2) In what way can teenagers

29、 do much better than adults according to the passage?(3) What are the ways to combat AIDS discussed in the passage?(4) What should people do to win the war against AIDS?Group discussing (10 minutes)Step 4 Analysis on the structure of the text 1. Topics for discussion: (10 minutes)1) Do you know some

30、 information about AIDS and its transmission?2) What should we do to prevent ADIS?2. Analysis on the structure of the text: (20 minutes)Part 1 (para.1-2) the background and the present situation about the problem of AIDS. Part 2 (para.3-13) the current battle against AIDS. Part 3 (Para.14) the impor

31、tance of the battle against AIDS and it concludes that the battle against AIDS is an undeclared war that everyone must sign up for in order for use to win. Discussion and presentation (30 minutes)The 6th Period: ExercisesTeaching ProcessMethod and TimeStep 1: Grammar一、 限定性定语从句 定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其

32、作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢 3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略 4. w

33、ho和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句 6. when引导定语从句表示时间 注值得一提的是，表示时间“time一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导 By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to

34、 besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc. 7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格 Explanation; exemplification; presentation(20 minutes)Step 2 Exercise1. It is through learning that the individual _ many habitual ways of reacting to situations. CET-6:1

35、998.6A) retains B) gains C) achieves D) acquires 2. If people feel hopeless, they dont bother to _ the skills they need to succeed. CET-4:2003.1A) adopt B) acquire C) accumulate D) assemble 3. A _ to this problem is expected to be found before long. CET-4:1998.1A) result B) response C) settlement D)

36、 solution 4. The American society is _ an exceedingly shaky foundation of natural resources, which is connected with the possibility of a worsening environment.a) established on B) affiliated to C) originated from D) incorporated with 5. The pressure _ causes Americans to be energetic, but it also p

37、uts them under a constant emotional strain. CET-4:1997.6a) to compete B) competing C) to be competed D) having competed report (ask the students to tell the answers and translate the sentences into Chinese) (20 minutes)The 7th and 8th Periods: Fast ReadingTeaching ProcessMethod and TimeStep 1 Warmin

38、g-up activities: duty report Duty report (10 minutes)Step 2 Reading skill阅读技巧5: 查找段落的主要细节查找段落的主要细节能帮助我们排除干扰，快速清晰地掌握段落的主要内容，加深对段落的了解，提高阅读的速度要找出段落的主要细节，可以按照下面的方法：（一）找出段落大意支持段落大意的即为主要细节（二）因为并非所有的细节对段落同等重要，因此只找出和段落主要内容相关的细节即为主要细节。Explanation, presentation and exemplification (30 minutes)Step 3 Fast read

39、ing exercisesStudents reading (30 minutes)Step 4 Analysis of reading exercises Explanation and students report (ask the students to answer some of the questions) (30 minutes)The 9th and 10th Periods: WritingTeaching ProcessMethod and TimeStep 1: Writing (problem-solution)问题解决型作文和对比作文是大学英语测试经常出现的题型。如在图表作文中，第一段要求大家对图表描述，而往往在第二段，第三段就要求分析原因