动名词用法(知识梳理

1、动名词用法真题再现1. _ the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. A. Ignore B. Ignoring C. Ignored D. Having ignored2. China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea.A. attack

2、ing B. having attacked C. being attacked D. having been attacked3. Its no use _ without taking any action. A. complain B. complaining C. being complained D. to be complained4. I had great difficulty _ the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. A. find B. found C. to find D. finding5. Lydia do

3、esnt feel like _ abroad. Her parents are old. A. study B. studying C. studied D. to study1. B。本题考查的动名词的用法，句意为：忽视了这两个研究结果的区别将会是你犯的最严重错误之一。 2. C。prevent sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，本句中的fishing boats和attack是被动关系，所以选择C项，句意：中国最近加紧黄岩岛的水域控制来阻止中国渔船在中国南海被袭击。3. B。句意：不采取任何行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。Its no use doing是固定句式，所以B项

4、为正确答案。4. D。句意：在那个餐馆，我很难从菜单上找到合适的食物。 have difficulty/ trouble/problem (in) doing.(做有困难)是固定搭配，所以选D项。5. B。句意：Lydia不想出国读书，因为她的父母都老了。这里用固定搭配feel like doing sth. 表示“想要做某事”，只有B项符合搭配。知识讲解动名词有两个特点：它是从动词变化而来的，所以它保留了动词的某些特征，它能带自己的宾语、状语等，这时就叫动名词短语；动名词最大的特点是它相当于一个名词，因此，动名词可以在句中作主语、宾语等，动名词也有像名词一样的“所有格形式”。动名词作主语动名

5、词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。Fighting broke out between the South and the North. Breathing became difficult at that altitude.Reading English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good.Cheating on an exam ruins ones character.His being elected our chairman made us think of a lot.动名词作主语时，常用It句式。 Its +no goo

6、d (no use, fun, a pleasure, a waste of time) + doing Its no good reading in dim light. Its no use sitting here waiting. It is no use waiting for him any longer.Itsadj. doing Its dangerous swimming in the sea in windy days. It is dangerous using this method to measure the speed of light.It is worthwh

7、ile consulting your tutor about it again.这样用的形容词有expensive, nice, tiring等，但important, necessary则不适用于这种结构，应用不定式代替Its important for you to keep fit. There is no doing .There is no saying what will happen next. There is no joking about such matters.There is no denying the fact that China has made a rap

8、id progress in every aspect since it was founded. There is no littering about. 动名词作定语动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍，一般只限于单个的动名词作定语，表示“用于的”或表示“处于某件事情中的”含义。swimming pool 游泳池 reading material 阅读材料walking stick 手杖 floating needle 浮针opening speech 开幕词 listening aid 助听器waiting room 候车室 running water 自来水动名词作表语动名词作表语的时候，注

9、意不要与现在进行时混淆。动名词作表语，表达的是“某件事”等。Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children. （动名词）His part-time job is promoting new products for the company. （动名词）Reading is for sure learning, but applying is also learning to a greater extent.（动名词）Their task is exploring oil mines in the west. （动名词）

10、现在分词作表语和动名词作表语的区别：用作表语的分词通常具有形容词性质，有的已经转化为形容词。His story was touching.Your question is puzzling.现在分词作表语表示主语的性质和特征，动名词作表语是对主语的内容进一步说明和解释。My job is selling shoes, and it is challenging. (selling shoes为动名词短语；challenging为现在分词)动名词作表语和可以和主语互，而现在分词不行，可以说：Selling shoes is my job.但不能说：Challenging is the job.动

11、名词作宾语跟在及物动词后做宾语。 He managed to escape suffering from the disease.After hearing the funny story, all of us couldnt help laughing ear to ear.Excuse my interrupting you for a while.Prof. Smith considered giving his students a reading list before they started the next chapter.When he came back home from

12、 his night shift, Jason tried to avoid wakening his family.The suspect denied turning on the computer in the office that night.介词后面用动名词作宾语。Im looking forward to your coming next time.On hearing our delegation in London had won so many gold medals, we cheered up with great joy.They are against using

13、so many animals in experiments.He apologized for interrupting us.Thank you for offering me so much help.He is fond of watching sports-games.动词或介词后面接动名词时，动名词短语也可以用完成时态或被动语态。 The secretary was scolded for not having finished typing the report in time.I regret having said some rude words to my brother.

14、We have no idea of their having done such kind of thing.After having been treated in the special way, he could deal with everything around him smoothly.He cant remember having been scolded by his boss for that matter.People hate being praised for nothing.The problem is far from being solved.She didn

15、t mind being left alone at home.动名词完成式的用法 动名词完成式主要表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作，有时和动名词的一般式可以互换。He apologized for having broken the rules.He forgot having promised to write to her.I have no idea of having seen such a person.I remember seeing/having seen her somewhere.动名词被动式的用法当动名词的逻辑主语和动名词为被动关系时，动名词要用被动式。The questi

16、on is far from being settled.在need, require, want等后接-ing形式，表示被动意义，也可接不定式，但要用被动形式。Your car needs filling (to be filled). This city deserves visiting (to be visited). The problem requires studying (to be studied) carefully. The trees want watering (to be watered). be worthy后接动名词要用主动表被动：当be worth后接动词时，

17、习惯于接动名词，并且用主动形式表示被动含义.The book is well worth reading.The book is not worth keeping at all.后接动名词的动词和短语：admit, avoid, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, practice, postpone, resist, stand, suggest, understand, be used to, be busy, cant help, it is no good, it is

18、no use, theres no point (in), keep on记忆口诀：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否定完成停欣赏，不禁介意弃逃亡。部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大：forget, remember, regret后接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名词表示动作已经发生。 Dont forget to post the letter for me. Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport? Remember to close the windows before you leave. I r

19、emember writing him a letter a year ago. We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited to attend the meeting. They regretted ordering these books from abroad. mean to do 打算做某事 /mean doing 意味着 I meant to catch up with the early bus. This means wasting a lot of money. try to do 设法尽力做某事/ doing

20、试着做某事 You should try to overcome your shortcomings. Try working out the physics problem in another way. stop to do 停下一件事去做另一件事（不定式作目的状语）/ stop doing 停止做某事 On the way to the airport, I stopped to buy a paper. Youd better stop arguing and do as you are told. cant help doing 禁不住/ cant help to do不能帮助干 T

21、hey couldnt help jumping up at the news. Sorry I have lots of work to do. So I cant help to make up the room for you. go on to do 做不同的事/ go on doing 继续不停地做某事，指同一动作的继续 He went on to talk about world situation.他接着又谈了世界形势。 Well go on fighting so long as there is oppression in the world. leave off to do 离开某地去干什么（目的状语）/ leave off doing停下某事 Its time to leave off talking and to start acting. They left off to go fishing.下列短语中的to为介词，后接动名词作宾语：be