剑桥12-听力test-4文本

1、剑桥12-听力test-4 文本剑 12 听力 test 4 Section 1 (1241)Hello, Pembroke Cycli ng Holidays, Bob speak ing.Oh hello. Ive see n your advert for people to lead cycle trips.Are you the right pers on to speak to?Yes, I am. Could I have your n ame, please?Its Margaret Smith.Are you look ing for a perma nent job, Ma

2、rgaret?No, temporary.rve got a perma nent job start ing in a few mon ths time, and I want to do someth ing else un til the n.What work do you do?This will probably sound crazy - I used to be a lawyer, and the n I made a complete career cha nge and rm going to be a doctor.Ive just finished my trainin

3、g.Right. And have you had any experie nee of lead ing cycle trips?Yes, Ive led several bike tours in Africa.The trip to In dia that I had arran ged to lead n ext month has now bee n can celled, so whe n I saw you were advertis ing for tour leaders, I decided to apply.OK.Now we normally have two or t

4、hree leaders on a trip, depending on the size of the group.Some tours are for very experie need cyclists, but weve got a tour coming up soon in Spai n,which is proving so popular we n eed an additi on al leader.Its a cycling holiday for families. Would that suit you?It certainly would. I enjoy worki

5、ng with children,and I probably n eed some more experie nee before I go on a really challe nging trip. That tour in cludes several tee nagers: have you worked with that age group before? Yes, Im a volun teer worker in a youth club, where I help people to improve their cycli ng skills.Before that I h

6、elped out in a cycli ng club where I taught beg inn ers. Well thats great.Now the trip I mentioned is just for a fortnight, but there might be the possibility of lead ing other tours after that.Would that fit in with your plans?Thatd be fin e. Ill be free for five mon ths.My job is due to start on O

7、ctober the 2nd, and rm available from May the 1st un til late September.Good. Now Is there any thi ng I n eed to know about the food you eat?We usually have one or two people in the group who dont eat meat, or have some sort of food allergy,so were always very careful about that.Yes, Im allergic to

8、cheese. Would that be a problem?No, as long as we have eno ugh no tice, we can deal with that. Thats great.IIt sounds really interesting - would you like me to fill in an application form?Yes, please. Where should I post it to?Could you send it to 27 Arbuth not Place A-R-B-U-T-H-N-O-T-place, Dumfrie

9、s.And whats the postcode, please? DG74PH.Was that P Papa or B Bravo? P Papa.Got that. If you could return the applicati on form by Friday this week, we can in terview you on Tuesday n ext week.Say half past two, would that be possible for you?Yes, its fine. Youre quite a long way from where I live,

10、so Ill drive over on Mon day.Should I bring anything to the in terview?Well have your applicati on form, of course,but well n eed to see any certificate youve got that are releva nt, i n cycli ng, first aid, or whatever. OK.And at the in terview wed like to find out about your experie nee of being a

11、 tour guide, so could you prepare a ten-minute talk about that, please?You dont n eed slides or any complicated equipme nt - just some no tes.Right. Ill start thinking about that straightaway.Good. Well, well look forward to recei ving your applicatio n form, and well con tact you to confirm the in

12、terview.Thanks very much. Thank you, Margaret. Goodbye. Bye.12-4-2Welcome to this podcast about the Sheepmarket, which is one of the oldest parts ofIthe city.As its n ame suggests, there was origi nally a market here where farmers brought theirisheep,but now its bee n redeveloped into a buzz ing, vi

13、bra nt area of the city, which is also home to one of the citys fastest-growi ng com mun ities.The nearby university has always meant the areas popular with students, who come in to enjoy the lively ni ghtlife,but now graduates embark ing on careers in the worlds of fashi on and desig n are buying u

14、p the new apartme nts rece ntly built here to replace the small houses where the market workers used to live.The narrow old side streets are great places for finding original pictures, jewellery and ceramics which wont break the bank, as well as local produce like fruit and vegetables.Theres also lo

15、ts of paveme nt cafes where you can have a coffee and watch tourists from all over the world go by.The oldest buildi ngs in the area are on the main streets, in clud ing the citys first departme nt store, built in the 1880s, which is still ope n today.The Sheepmarket is a centre for fashi on, and th

16、eres a policy of en couragi ng new young desig ners.The Young Fashi on competitio n is ope n to local young people who are passi on ate about fashi on.This year theyve bee n asked to desig n an outfit based on the ideas from the music and tech no logythats part of their everyday life, using both n a

17、tural and man-made fibres.The garme nts will be judged by a panel of experts and fashi on desig ners, and the winning en tries will be modelled at a special gala eve ning.Park ing at the Sheepmarket is easy.There are ple nty of pay and display car park ing spaces on the roadsides which are fine if y

18、ou just want to stay for an hour or two,but if you want to spend the day there its better to park in one of the fourun dergro und car parks.Its not expensive and if you can present a receipt from one of the local stores, youll not be charged at all.After six pm many of the car parks have a flat rate

19、 which varies but it is usually very reas on able._LThe Sheepmarket is one of the main centres for art and history in the whole of the coun try.If you look at our map, youll see some of the main attract ions there.Most visitors start from Crawley Road, at the bottom of the map.The Reyno Ids House is

20、 one of the oldest houses in the city, and is ope n to the public.Its on the north side of Crawley Road, next to the footpath that leads to the public garde ns.The areas particularly interesting for its unusual sculptures.The Thumb is just what its n ame suggests, but its about 10 metres high.Youll

21、see it on Hill Road, across the road from the Bank.The Museums got a particularly fine collect ion of New Zeala nd Ian dscapes.Its on the east side of the Sheepmarket, on City Road.Its on the other side of the road from the public garde ns, immediately fac ing the jun cti on with Hill Road.The Con t

22、emporary Art Gallery is on a little road that leads off Statio n Square, not far from the public garde ns.The road ends at the gallery - it does nt go any where else.Thats ope n every day except Mon days.The Warner Gallery specialises in 19th-ce ntury art.Its on City Road, near the junction with Cra

23、wley Road, on the same side of the road as the public garde ns.Its open on weekdays from 9 to 5, and entry is free.Fi nally, if youre in terested in purchas ing high quality artwork, the place to go is Nucleus.You n eed to go from Crawley Road up through Stati on Square and east along Hill Road un t

24、il you get to a small winding road tur ning off.Go up there and its on your right - if you get to City Road youve gone too far.12-4-3IJoe, you know Im giving a presentation in our film studies class next week? Yes.Well, could we discuss it? I could do with gett ing some one elses opinion.Of course,

25、Katie. What are you going to talk about?Its about film adaptations of Shakespeares plays.Ive got very interested in all the different approaches that film directors take. Uhuh.So I thought Id start with Giannetti, whos a professor of film and literature, and in one of his books he came up with a str

26、aightforward classification of film adaptations based on how faithful they are to the original plays and novels.Right. Ive already made some notes on that, so I just need to sort those out before the prese ntatio n.I thought that next Id ask the class to come up with the worst examples of Shakespear

27、e adaptati ons that theyve see n, and to say why.That should be more fun tha n hav ing their favourite versi ons.Yes, I can certa inly think of a couple!Right. Next I want to talk about Rachel Malchow.I came across someth ing on the internet about her work on film adaptatio ns, and I was thinking of

28、 showing some film clips to illustrate her ideas.Will you have eno ugh time, though? Both to prepare and duri ng the prese ntati on?After all, I doubt if youll be able to find all the clips you want.Hmm. Perhaps youre right.OK, well, Id better do some slides in stead, say ing how various films relat

29、e to what she says.That should en courage discussi on. Mmm.Next I want to say someth ing about how plays may be chose n for adaptati on because theyre concerned with issues of the time when the film is made.You mean things like patriotism, or the role of governments?Exactly. Its quite tricky, butve

30、got a few ideas rd like to discuss.IAnd fin ally I want to talk about a few adaptati ons that I think illustrate a range of approaches, and make some comme nts on them.Do you know the Japa nese film Ran?I have nt see n it. It was based on Shakespeares King Lear, was nt it?Thats right. It was a very

31、loose adaptation, using the same situation and story, but movi ng it to 16th cen tury Japa n in stead of 16th cen tury Brita in.So for example the kin gs daughters become sons, because in Japa nese culture at that time, wome n could nt succeed to the throne.OK.I hope youre going to talk about that 1

32、993 film of Much Ado About Nothing.I thi nk thats one of the best Shakespeare films.It really brings the play to life, does nt it?Yes, I agree. And I think filming it in Italy, where the play is set, makes you see what life was like at the time of the play.Absolutely. Right, whats next?Er, next, I t

33、hought Romeo And Juliet, the 1996 film, which moves the action into the prese nt day.Yes, it worked really well, I thought - changing the two feuding families in the original to two competi ng bus in ess empires,eve n though theyre speak ing in the En glish of the orig inal play.Youd expect it would

34、 sound really bizarre, but I found I soon got used to it.Me too. Then I thought Id include a real Hollywood film, one thats intended to appeal to a mass commercial audie nee.There must be quite a nu mber of those.Yes, but Ive picked the 1996 film of Hamlet.It included every line of the text, but its

35、 more like a typical action hero moviethere are loads of special effects, but no unifying in terpretati on of the play. All show and no substa nee.Exactly. The n theres Prosperos Books, based on The Tempest.That was really inno vative, from a stylistic point of view.Didnt it include dance and singin

36、g and animation, as well as live actors?Yes, it did. I also want to mention Looking for Richard. Did you ever see it?No, but rve read about it.It was a ble nd of docume ntary with a few sce nes from Richard III, was nt it?Thats right. Its more a way of look ing into how people no wadays connect with

37、 the playwright - the play is really just the start ing point.And thatll be where I fini sh.Well, it sounds as though itll be very in teresti ng.12-4-4IThis lecture will be about the scie nee of acoustics, the study of sound, in relati on to urba n environments such as cities.iAs an acoustic engin e

38、er myself, I th ink this is an area where were likely to see great cha nges.In the past, research ing urba n soun dscapes was simple.We measured levels of sound in decibels, so I used to take my sound meter and I measured the no ise somewhere,and the n I might ask a sample of people to say at what l

39、evel the sound became annoying.With data like this, acoustic engineers have been able to build up what we call noise maps, maps of the sound en vir onment.But actually these arent a lot of use.What they do show is that the highest no ise levels are gen erally on roads - well, thats not really very s

40、urpris ing.But theres quite a lot going on that these maps dont show, because they cant capture the complex way that sound varies over time.So they ignore importa nt issues such as the no ise some one might hear from the ope n win dows or garde ns of their n eighbours,and this sort of noise can be q

41、uite significant in summer.We dont have any databases on this sort of in formatio n.As well as that, these records of sound levels take no acco unt of the fact that people vary in their percepti ons of no iseso some one like me with years of worki ng in acoustics might be very differe nt from you in

42、 that regard.But any way, eve n though these no ise maps are fairly crude,theyve bee n useful in provid ing in formati on and rais ing aware ness that no ise matters,we need to deal with it and so its a political matter.And thats importa nt - we n eed rules and regulati ons because no ise can cause

43、all sorts of problems.Those of you who are city-dwellers know that things go on 24 hours a day, so city-dwellers ofte n suffer from in terrupted sleep.Its also known that noise can lead to a rise in levels of stress,due to physical cha nges in the body affect ing the compositi on of the blood.And th

44、ere are other problems as well, for in sta nee if schoolchildre n dont have a quiet place to study, their work will suffer.Now one problem with decibel measureme nt is that it does nt differe ntiate betwee n differe nt types of no ise.Some types of sounds that most people would probably think of as

45、nice and relax ing might well score quite highly in decibel levelsthink of the sound made by a fountain in a tow n square, for example.Thats not n ecessarily someth ing that wed want to con trol or reduce.So maybe researchers should con sider these sorts of sounds in urba n desig n.This is going to

46、be tricky because just measuri ng decibel levels isnt going to help us here.In stead, many researchers are using social scie nee tech niq ues,study ing peoples emoti onal resp onse to sound by using questi onn aires and so on.So what exactly do people want to hear in an urba n en vir onment?sightcof

47、feetow nSome recent interdisciplinary research has come out with results that at first seem con tradictorya city needs to have a sense of activity, so it needs to be lively,with sounds like the clack of high heels on a pavement or the hiss of a machi ne,but these must nt be too in trusive, because at the same time we n eed to be able to relax.One of the major problems in