FirstSuccessionAct翻译

1、精选文库 First Successi on Act The First Successi on Act of Henry VII Is reig n was p assed by the P arliame nt of En gla nd in March 1534. The Act was formally titled the Successio n to the Crow n Act 1533 (citatio n 25 Hen 8 c 22), or the Act of Successi on 1533; it is ofte n dated as 1534, as it was

2、p assed in that cale ndar year. However, the legal cale ndar in use at that time dated the beg inning of the year as March 25, and so con sidered the Act as being in 1533. 在亨利八世统治时期，英国国会在1534三月通过了第一个继承法。这项法案正式命名为 1533年王位继承法（引用25，8，22），或1533年继承法。它通常被日期为1534，因为 它是在那个日历年通过的。然而，法定历法规定每年的三月二十五日是一个的开端，因 此

3、该法案被认为这是1533。 The Act made the n yet unborn Prin cess Elizabeth, daughter of King Henry VIII by Anne Boley the true successor to the Crow n by declari ng Prin cess Mary, daughter of the King by Catheri ne of Arag on, a bastard. The Act also required all subjects, if comma nded, to swear an oath to r

4、ecog nize this Act as well as the Kin gs sup remacy. Un der the Treas ons Act 1534 anyone who refused to take the oath was subject to a charge of treas on. 该法案将尚未出生的伊丽莎白公主，亨利八世国王和安娜博林所生的女儿亨利，宣布成 为真正的继任者，而国王与阿拉贡的凯瑟琳所生的女儿，玛丽公主被宣布为私生子。这 项法案还要求所有人，一旦下达命令，要宣誓承认这个法令以及国王至高无上的权力。 nd 根据1534年的叛国法，拒绝宣誓的人将被冠以叛国

5、罪的罪名。 The Act was later altered by the Sec ond Successi on Act, which made Elizabeth illegitimate, a the Third Successi on Act, which returned both sisters to the line of successi on. 该法案后来被修改成第二继承法，将伊丽莎白公主被宣布为不合法的继承者：后又修改 为第三继承法，使这两个姐妹同时拥有继承权的权力。 The curre ntly app licable legislatio n is the Act o

6、f Settleme nt 1701. 目前适用的立法是1701年的王位继承法。 Second Successi on Act The Second Successi on Act of Henry VII Is reig n was p assed by the P arliame nt of En gla nd in June 1536, rem oving both Mary and Elizabeth from the line of the successi on. The Act was formally titled An Act concerning the Successi

7、on of the Crow n. It is also known as the Successio n to the Crow n: Marriage Act 1536 (citati on 28 Henry VIII c.7), or as the Act of Successi on 1536. The Act followed the conviction and executi on of Anne Bole yn, Elizabeths mother, and sup erseded the First Successi on Act, which had declared He

8、n rys daughter Mary to be illegitimate and Elizabeth to be his legitimate heir. The new Act now declared Elizabeth to be a bastard also. As a result, Henry was left without any legitimate child to in herit the thro ne un til his son Prince Edward was born in October 1537. 亨利八世统治时期，第二继承法于1536六月由英国议会通

9、过，该法案将玛丽和伊丽莎白 从继承名单中除去。这项法案正式命名为“皇冠继承法”。它也被作为王位继承：1536 年婚姻法（引文28亨利八世,7），或者1536年继承法。这项法案将安妮博林定罪，处罚 了安妮博林，即伊丽莎白的母亲，同时取代了第一继承法案，那项曾宣布亨利的女儿玛 丽是非法的以及伊丽莎白是他的合法继承人的法案。新法令现在宣布伊丽莎白是私生子。 所以作为这一结果，直到1537年十月国王的儿子爱德华王子出生之前，亨利没有任何合 法的孩子继承王位。 The successi on was subseque ntly cha nged by the Third Successi on Act

10、(1543), which retur ned both Mary and Elizabeth to the line of successi on. 这一法案随后又改变为第三继承法案（1543），第三继承法重新将伊丽莎白和玛丽都返回 了继承序列之中。 Because Henry had no legitimate offspring when the Act was p assed, sect ion 18 of it gave Henry full and plenary po wer and authority to choose who would succeed him if he

11、died without an heir of his body, by naming his successor in letters p ate nt or in his last Will. The Act created several offen ces of high treas on conn ected with in terru pti ng the successi on to the throne of any person so chose n,1 or with say ing that Hen rys first two marriages (to the moth

12、ers of Mary and Elizabeth) had bee n valid or that his third marriage (to Jane Seymour) was inv alid, or with say ing that Mary and Elizabeth were legitimate or that Edward was not. The Act also required some of Hen rys subjects to take an oath to up hold the Act, and made it treas on to refuse to t

13、ake the oath. San ctuary was not available for people accused of treas on un der the Act,4 andin additi on to the death pen alty anyone conv icted of treas on by in terru pti ng the successi on to the thro ne was to forfeit their own claim to the thro ne (if any). 当法案被通过时，因为亨利没有合法的后代，国会的18个部门给亨利“全面和

14、充足的权 力和权威”来选择谁会接替他，如果他死后无直系继承人，则通过立遗嘱的形式任命继 承人。该法案建立了几个最高形式的叛国罪，选择任何一个人来连接中断的王位继承, 或者说亨利的前两次婚姻（对玛丽和伊丽莎白的母亲）一直有效，而他的第三次婚姻（Jane Seymou）是无效的，或者说玛丽和伊丽莎白是合法的而爱德华不合法。该法案还要求一 些拥护亨利的人宣誓赞成法案，并且拒绝宣誓的人被判定为叛国罪。而那些被判为叛国 罪的人，避难所是不向这些人提供帮助的，并且除了被判死刑的人，任何一个因打断了 王位继承而获叛国罪的人，会丧失对王位继承权的要求。 The Act also made it treas o

15、n to criticise the death sentence p assed aga inst Thomas More un der the Treas ons Act 1534. 该法案在1534年叛国罪的支持下，通过反对托马斯莫尔批评死刑法。 Fi nally, the Act made it treas on to attem pt to rep eal the Act.2 This did not p reve nt Henry himself from obta ining the rep eal of the Act seve n years later, by way of

16、 the Third Successi on Act, which returned his two daughters into the line of successi on to the thro ne. 最后，该法案试图废除叛国罪。这并不能阻止亨利在七年后废除该法案，用第三继承法 代替，将自己的两个女儿重返继承王位的序列中。 Third Successi on Act ly The Third Successi on Act of Henry VII Is reig n was p assed by the P arliame nt of En gla nd in Ju 1543, a

17、nd retu rned both Mary and Elizabeth to the line of the successi on beh ind their half-brother Edward. 在亨利八世统治时期，第三继承法于1543七月由英国议会通过，并且将玛丽和伊丽莎白 都回归到继承的序列中，但居于同父异母的弟弟爱德华之后。 The Act was formally titled the Successi on to the Crow n Act 35 Hen. VIII c.1, and is also know as Act of Successi on 1543. The

18、 royal asse nt was give n to this bill in the spring of 1544 at the con clusion of the 15431544 P arliame nt, but un til 1793 Acts were usually backdated to the begi nning of the sessi on of P arliame nt in which they were p assed. (The Act is also ofte n dated 1544.) It sup erseded the First Succes

19、sion Act (1533) and the Second Successio n Act (1536), whose effect was to declare both Mary and Elizabeth bastards, and allow Henry to n ame his own successor. Whe n Hen rys son Prince Edward was born in 1537, he the n became the heir to the thro ne. This new Act returned both of Hen rys daughters

20、Mary and Elizabeth to the line of successi on, behi nd Edward, any poten tial childre n of his, and any poten tial childre n of Henry by his the n wife, Catheri ne Parr. 该法令正式命名为亨利八世在位第35年王位继承法，并且被称为1534年继承法流传下 来。在1544年的春天，1543 / 1544王室议会的结论同意了这个法案，但直到 1793年法 案通常追溯到国会会议的开端，他们通过（法案也经常被标明时间为1544）用第三继承

21、 法取代第一继承法（1533）和第二继承法（1536）,其作用是宣布玛丽和伊丽莎白的非法 性，让亨利来指定自己的继承人。当亨利的儿子爱德华王子于1537出生，他自然地成为 了王位的继承人。这个新的法案都返回了亨利的女儿玛丽和伊丽莎白在爱德华之后的继 承权力，并承认亨利和他当时的妻子凯瑟琳帕尔的任何潜在的孩子的继承权。 With the 1536 Act, Henry VIII was authorised to dis pose of the Crow n by letters p ate nt or by will, i n default of any legitimate heirs.

22、This means that the pl ace in the successi on for Mary an d/or Elizabeth rema ined doubtful. Hen rys actual will (1547) simply con firmed their p ositi on as outl ined in the 154344 statute. Mary and Elizabeth, who had both bee n declared illegitimate and incap able to in herit, exp ressly rema ined so in the 154/44 Act; they were only cap acitated to succeed to the Crow n (with several pro visos, such as they could not marry without the Privy Coun cils app roval)