《u名词性从句》

1、名词性从句的功能名词性从句的功能 功能相当于名词词组功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合它在复合 句中能担任句中能担任主语、动词宾语、主语、动词宾语、 介词宾语、表语、同位语介词宾语、表语、同位语等等, 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能, 名词性从名词性从句又可分为四类。句又可分为四类。 Noun Clauses subjective clause 主语从句主语从句 objective clause 宾语从句宾语从句 predicative clause 表语从句表语从句 appositive clause 同位语从句同位语从句 主语从句主语从句 1. 连接词连接词 2.

2、 语序及谓语动词的数语序及谓语动词的数 3. it 形式主语形式主语 宾语从句宾语从句 1. 连接词连接词 2. it 形式宾语形式宾语 3. 语序及时态语序及时态 表语从句表语从句 1. 连接词连接词as if, because(反面解读反面解读1) 2. the reason is that (2003上海春季卷上海春季卷28) When and where to go for the on salary holiday _yet. A. are not decided B. have not been decided C. is not being decided D. has not

3、been decided Where to find the teacher and where to do the experiment _. A. are not known B. is not known C. has not known D. have not known It is a fact/a shame/a pity/no wonder/ good news/that It is necessary/strange/important/ possible/likely/that这类主语从这类主语从 句中，谓语动词常为句中，谓语动词常为(should)+动词动词 原形原形 It

4、 is said/reported/decide/known/ that It seemed/happened/doesnt matter/has turned out/that 1. 作动词的宾语作动词的宾语 She did not know what had happened. 动词间接宾语宾语从句动词间接宾语宾语从句 e.g. She told me that she would accept my invitation. 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句， 通常放在主句谓语动词通常放在主句谓语动词( (及物动词及物动词) )或介词之后。

5、或介词之后。 2. 作介词的宾语作介词的宾语 e.g. Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 3. 作形容词的宾语作形容词的宾语 e.g. I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake. that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语： anxious, certain, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, ashamed, disappoin

6、ted, annoyed, pleased, satisfied, content 等。等。 1. 在在believe, consider, think 等动词接复合宾语等动词接复合宾语(宾宾 语宾补语宾补)时，要用时，要用it作形式宾语。在这种结构中作形式宾语。在这种结构中 that不可省略。例如：不可省略。例如： We find it difficult that we should finish the work on time. 2. 在在like, enjoy, love, hate, take 等表等表“喜怒哀乐喜怒哀乐”的的 动词，后若要跟宾语从句，需跟形式宾语动词，后若要跟宾语

7、从句，需跟形式宾语 it。 I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. I like it that everyone passed the exam. It 可以作为形式宾语可以作为形式宾语 同位语从句同位语从句 通常来说明前面的名词的具体内容通常来说明前面的名词的具体内容, 作这些名词作这些名词 的同位语。前面的名词常是的同位语。前面的名词常是: fact, news, idea, hope, wish, promise, truth, reason, suggestion, thought, question, doubt, co

8、nclusion, belief, fear, order, possibility, word(“消息消息”, 为不可数为不可数 名词名词, 前面不加定冠词前面不加定冠词)。when, where, why, how 既能引导定语从句既能引导定语从句, 也能引导同位语从句也能引导同位语从句, 但在但在 同位语从句中同位语从句中when, where, whether, how 不能改为不能改为 “介词介词which”。 I have no idea when he will come back. The problem whether we should continue to do tha

9、t experiment has been solved. 同位语从句同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说与前面的名词是同位关系，即说 明它前面名词的内容；而明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句定语从句与前面的与前面的 名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的 名词范围，或补充一些情况。如：名词范围，或补充一些情况。如： The news that I have passed the exam is true ( (同位语从句同位语从句, ,即从句所表达的意思就是前面即从句所表达的意思就是前面 名词的内容名词的内容) The news that he told

10、me just now is true ( (定语从句定语从句, ,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用, , 即即“他告诉我的他告诉我的”那个消息那个消息, ,而不是别的消息而不是别的消息) ) (that在从句中不充当任何成份在从句中不充当任何成份) ) (that在从句中作在从句中作gave 的宾语的宾语) 2. 引导引导同位语从句同位语从句的的that是连词，在从句中不充当是连词，在从句中不充当 任何成份，而引导任何成份，而引导定语从句定语从句的的that是关系代词，是关系代词， 除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或

11、表语等。如：表语等。如： The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people. The idea that he gave surprises many people 名词性从句名词性从句考点：考点： whetherif, whatthat, whatwhatever, whowhoever, 形容词形容词: : important ,necessary, natural, strange 名词名词: : a pity, a shame, no wonder 过去分词过去分词: : suggested

12、, ordered, demanded, insisted,request, require, advise, desire, propose, recommend, (suggestion, order, advice, proposal ) 等引导的主语，宾语，表语，同位等引导的主语，宾语，表语，同位 语从句要用虚拟语气：语从句要用虚拟语气： (should) + do/be done 1. if 和和whether 的选用的选用 不能使用不能使用if 的情况：的情况： 1）主语从句）主语从句 2）表语从句）表语从句 3）同位语从句）同位语从句 4）介词后的宾语从句）介词后的宾语从句 5）

13、whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to do 6）whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句不用连在一起引导宾语从句不用if. 7）动词）动词discuss后用后用whether,不用不用if. 总结：只有动词后面的宾语从句中才总结：只有动词后面的宾语从句中才 既可以用既可以用if 也可以用也可以用whether，其他从，其他从 句只能用句只能用whether. 2. Whatthat的区别的区别 I think that it is unnecessary for me to speak louder. His mother is satisfied

14、with what he has done. That he was able to come made us happy. This is what makes us interested. The reason was that Tod had never seen the million-pound note before. that 可省略的情况：可省略的情况： 单个动词宾语从句单个动词宾语从句中的中的that可省略可省略 that不可省略的情况：不可省略的情况： 1. 主语从句，主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句表语从句，同位语从句 2. 用用it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句

15、 3. 并列的宾语从句中从第二个从句开并列的宾语从句中从第二个从句开 始引导词始引导词that 不能省略不能省略 3. whowhoever; whatwhatever的区别的区别 The spoken English competition is coming, Who will attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. I believe whoever takes part in the competition will try his best. Can you tell me what you would like to order? Wh

16、atever happens, dont be surprised. All the food here is delicious. Just order whatever you like. 表示表示“谁谁” 表示表示“的任的任 何人何人” 表表“什么，所什么，所 的东西、事的东西、事 情情” 表表“的任何的任何 东西东西” / 表表“不论谁不论谁”= no matter who / 表表“无论什无论什 么么”=no matter what _wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (2008浙江卷浙江卷) A. Anyone B

17、. The one C. Whoever D. Who C 听课手册听课手册P13 I have always been honest and straight forward, and it doesnt matter _ that Im talking to. (2004年广东省卷年广东省卷) A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom 高考链接高考链接 B 2. It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the a

18、tmosphere today. (2003上海上海) A. that B. when C. what D. how 【解析解析】主语从句中缺少做主语的成分主语从句中缺少做主语的成分, 故选故选 C。 C 3. _ made the school proud was_ more than 90 of the students had been admitted to key universities. (2003上海春季上海春季) A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because 【解析解析】what 在此作连接代词在此

19、作连接代词, 引导主语从句，引导主语从句， 并在从句中作主语。并在从句中作主语。that引导主语从句时引导主语从句时, 只起引导作用只起引导作用, 不作任何成分。不作任何成分。 B 4. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants. (2002上海春季上海春季) A.what B.which C.when D.that 【解析解析】这是一个宾语从句，这是一个宾语从句，wants后面缺少宾后面缺少宾

20、语，语，Always give the monkey exactly what he wants是一句谚语，意思是是一句谚语，意思是“永远给予他人他永远给予他人他 确实想要的东西确实想要的东西”。故答案为。故答案为A。 A 5. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that_ you had a few days off? (NMET 1999) A. why B. when C. what D. where 【解析解析】这是一个由这是一个由why引导的表语从句，引导的表语从句， 表示原因。这句话的意思是表示原因。这句话的意思是

21、“这就是你离这就是你离 开的原因吗开的原因吗?”。故答案为。故答案为A。 A 6. He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science. A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think which is 【解析解析】答案答案A。该题考查定语从句中加入。该题考查定语从句中加入 插入语的用法插入语的用法, 因插入语应位于引导词之后，因插入语应位于引导词之后， 所以所以 D 项不对项不对, B、C 两项无法构成正确结构。两项无法构成正确结构。 A 7. After