联合国国际货物买卖合同公约中英对照版

1、。一、 1980 年联合国国际货物买卖合同公约英文中文United Nations Convention on Contracts for the联合国国际货物销售合同公约International Sale of GoodsTHE STATES PARTIES TO THIS CONVENTION,1980 年 4 月 11 日订于维也纳BEARING INMIND thebroadobjectivesinthe本公约各缔约国铭记联合国大resolutions adopted by the sixth special session会第六届特别会议通过的关于建立of the General

2、Assembly of the United Nations on新的国际经济秩序的各项决议的广the establishmentofa New InternationalEconomic泛目标，考虑到在平等互利基础上Order,发展国际贸易是促进各国间友好关CONSIDERINGthatthedevelopment of international系的一个重要因素，认为采用照顾tradeon thebasis ofequalityand mutualbenefit到不同的社会、经济和法律制度的isanimportantelementinpromotingfriendly国际货物销售合同统一规

3、则，将有relations among States,助于减少国际贸易的法律障碍，促BEING OF THE OPINION thattheadoption ofuniform进国际贸易的发展，兹协议如下：ruleswhichgoverncontractsfortheinternationalsale ofgoods and takeintoaccountthe different social, economic and legal systemswouldcontributeto the removal of legalbarriersininternationaltradeandprom

4、otethedevelopment of international trade,第一部分适用范围和总则HAVE DECREED as follows:第一章 适用范围PARTISPHERE OFAPPLICATIONANDGENERAL 第一条PROVISIONS（）本公约适用于 营业地在不同Chapter I SPHERE OF APPLICATION国家 的当事人之间所订立的货物销Article 1售合同：(1) This Convention applies to contracts of sale（）如果这些国家是缔约国；或ofgoods betweenparties whose p

5、laces ofbusiness（）如果国际私法规则导致适用are in different States:某一缔约国的法律。扩大适用，国(a) when the States are Contracting States; or际私法规范(b) when the rules of private international lawlead tothe applicationofthelaw ofa Contracting（）当事人营业地在不同国家的State.事实，如果从合同或从订立合同前(2) The fact that the parties have their places任何时候或

6、订立合同时，当事人之ofbusinessindifferentStatesistobe间的任何交易或当事人透露的情报disregarded whenever this fact does not appear均看不出，应不予考虑。eitherfromthecontractorfromany dealingsbetween, or from information disclosed by, the（）在确定本公约的适用时，当parties at any time before or at the conclusion事人的国籍和当事人或合同的民事of the contract.或商业性质，应不

7、予考虑。(3)Neitherthe nationalityofthe partiesnorthe（不是国籍标准）civil or commercial character of the parties or第二条本公约不适用于以下的ofthecontract is tobe takeninto consideration销售： 排除条件电令私卖船票精选资料，欢迎下载。indeterminingtheapplicationofthisConvention.Article 2This Convention does not apply to sales:(a) of goods bought fo

8、r personal,family orhouseholduse,unlesstheseller,atanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract,neitherknew nor ought tohave known thatthegoodswere bought for any such use;(b) by auction;(c) on executionorotherwiseby authorityoflaw;(d) of stocks, shares, investment securities, negotiable instruments

9、or money;(e) of ships, vessels, hovercraft or aircraft;(f) of electricity.Article 3(1) Contracts for the supply of goods to be manufactured or produced are to be considered sales unless the party who orders the goods undertakes to supply a substantial part of thematerials necessary for such manufact

10、ure or production.(2) This Convention does not apply to contractsin which the preponderant part of the obligations of the party who furnishes the goods consists inthe supply of labour or other services.Article 4This Convention governs only the formation of the contract of sale and the rights and obl

11、igationsof the seller and the buyer arising from such acontract. In particular, except as otherwise expressly provided in this Convention, it is not concerned with:(a) the validity of the contract or of any of its provisions or of any usage;(b) the effectwhich the contract may have on theproperty in

12、 the goods sold.（法国是合同订立时转移，德国另外订立物权合同，美国是特定化后转移所有权，英国是特定化后在以当事人的意图决定所有权，（）购供私人、家人或家庭使用的货物的销售，除非卖方在订立合同前任何时候或订立合同时不知道而且没有理由知道这些货物是购供任何这种使用； 消费者权益保护（）经由拍卖的销售；（特殊规则）（）根据法律执行令状或其它令状的销售；（特殊）（）公债、股票、投资证券、流通票据或货币的销售；金融法（）船舶、船只、气垫船或飞机的销售；（需要登记）（）电力的销售。 （无形）第三条（货物）（）供应尚待制造或生产的货物的合同应视为销售合同，除非订购货物的当事人保证供应这种制造

13、或生产所需的大部分重要材料。三来一补例外（）本公约不适用于供应货物一方的绝大部分义务在于供应劳力或其它服务的合同。 劳务例外第四条各国不同本公约只适用于销售合同的订立和卖方和买方因此种合同而产生的权利和义务。特别是，本公约除非另有明文规定，与以下事项无关：（）合同的效力，或其任何条款的效力，或任何惯例的效力；（）合同对所售货物所有权可能产生的影响。有贸易术语的用贸易术语，没有的用公约第五条本公约不适用于卖方对于货物对任何人所造成的死亡或伤害的责任。产品责任例外第六条约定免除双方当事人可以不适用本公约，或精选资料，欢迎下载。我国是动产按照占用交货时转移，不动产按登记。）在第十二条的条件下，减损本

14、公约的任何规定或改变其效力。Article 5This Convention does not apply to the liability第二章 总则of thesellerfordeath orpersonalinjurycaused第七条条约的解释by the goods to any person.（）在解释本公约时，应考虑到Article 6本公约的国际性质和促进其适用的The parties may exclude the application of this统一以及在国际贸易上遵守诚信的Convention or, subject to article 12, derogate

15、需要。from or vary the effectof anyof its provisions.（）凡本公约未明确解决的属于本公约范围的问题，应按照本公约Chapter II GENERAL PROVISIONS所依据的一般原则来解决，在没有Article 7一般原则的情况下，则应按照国际(1)IntheinterpretationofthisConvention,私法规定适用的法律来解决。regardistobe had toits internationalcharacterandtotheneedtopromoteuniformityinitsapplication and the

16、observance of good faith in第八条international trade.（）为本公约的目的，一方当事(2) Questions concerning matters governedby this人所作的声明和其它行为，应依照Convention which are not expressly settled in it他的意旨解释，如果另一方当事人are to be settled in conformity with the general已知道或者不可能不知道此一意principleson which itis based or,intheabsence旨。o

17、f such principles, in conformity with the law（）如果上一款的规定不适用，applicableby virtueoftherulesofprivate当事人所作的声明和其它行为，应international law.按照一个与另一方当事人同等资格、通情达理的人处于相同情况中，Article 8应有的理解来解释。(1)For the purposes of thisConventionstatements（）在确定一方当事人的意旨或made by and other conduct of a party are to be一个通情达理的人应有的理解时，

18、interpretedaccordingtohisintentwherethe应适当地考虑到与事实有关的一切other party knew or could not have been unaware情况，包括谈判情形、当事人之间what that intent was.确立的任何习惯作法、惯例和当事(2)Ifthepreceding paragraphisnotapplicable,人其后的任何行为。statements made by and other conduct of a partyaretobe interpretedaccordingtothe第九条understanding

19、thata reasonableperson ofthesame（）双方当事人业已同意的任何kindas theotherparty would have had inthesame惯例和他们之间确立的任何习惯做circumstances.法，对双方当事人均有约束力。(3) In determining the intent of a party or the（）除非另有协议，双方当事人understandinga reasonablepersonwould have had,应视为已默示地同意对他们的合同due consideration is to be given to all rele

20、vant或合同的订立适用双方当事人已知circumstancesofthecaseincludingthe道或理应知道的惯例， 而这种惯例，negotiations,any practiceswhichtheparties在国际贸易上，已为有关特定贸易have established between themselves, usages and所涉同类合同的当事人所广泛知道精选资料，欢迎下载。any subsequent conduct of the parties.并为他们所经常遵守。Article 9第十条为本公约的目的：(1) The parties are bound by any u

21、sage to which（）如果当事人有一个以上的营they have agreed and by any practices which they业地，则以与合同及合同的履行关have established between themselves.系最密切的营业地为其营业地，但(2) The parties are considered, unless otherwise要考虑到双方当事人在订立合同前agreed, to have impliedlymade applicabletotheir任何时候或订立合同时所知道或所contract or its formation a usage

22、of which the设想的情况；parties knew or ought to have known and which in（）如果当事人没有营业地，则internationaltradeiswidelyknownto,and以其惯常居住地为准。regularlyobserved by,parties to contractsofthetype involved in the particular trade concerned.第十一条合同形式销售合同无须以书面订立或书面证Article 10明，在形式方面也不受任何其它条For the purposes of this Conven

23、tion:件的限制。销售合同可以用包括人(a)if a partyhas more thanone place ofbusiness,证在内的任何方法证明。theplaceof businessisthatwhich has the closestrelationshipto thecontractand its performance,第十二条having regard to the circumstances known to or本公约第十一条、第二十九条或第contemplatedby thepartiesat any timebeforeor二部分准许销售合同或其更改或根at the

24、 conclusion of the contract;据协议终止，或者任何要约、承诺(b) if a party does not have a place of business,或其它意旨表示得以书面以外任何referenceis to be made tohis habitual residence .形式做出的任何规定不适用，如果任何一方当事人的营业地是在已按照本公约第九十六条做出了声明的一个缔约国内，各当事人不得减损Article 11本条或改变其效力。A contract of sale need not be concluded in orevidenced by writin

25、g and is not subject to any第十三条other requirement as toform. It may beproved by为本公约的目的， “书面” 包括电报any means, including witnesses.和电传。Article 12第二部分合同的订立重点Any provision of article 11, article 29 or Part第十四条 要约定义II of this Convention that allows a contract of（）向一个或一个以上特定的人saleoritsmodificationorterminat

26、ionby提出的订立合同的建议，如果十分agreementoranyoffer,acceptanceorother确定并且表明要约人在得到承诺indication of intention to be made in any form时承受约束的意旨，即构成要约。other than in writing does not apply where any一个建议如果写明货物并且明示或party has his place of business in a Contracting暗示地规定数量和价格或规定如何State which has made a declaration under art

27、icle确定数量和价格，即为十分确定。96of thisConvention.Thepartiesmaynot不包括交货时间等derogatefromor vary theeffector thisarticle.（）非向一个或一个以上特定的精选资料，欢迎下载。人提出的建议， 仅应视为 要约邀请 ，Article 13除非提出建议的人明确地表示相反ForthepurposesofthisConventionwriting的意向。includes telegram and telex.第十五条 要约生效PART II FORMATION OF THE CONTRACT（）要约于送达被要约人时生效

28、。Article 14（）一项要约，即使是不可撤销(1)A proposalforconcludinga contractaddressed的，得予撤回，如果撤回通知于要to one or more specific persons constitutes an约送达被要约人之前或同时，送达offerifitissufficientlydefiniteand indicates被要约人。theintentionof the offerortobe bound incaseofacceptance.Aproposalissufficiently第十六条 要约撤销definite if it in

29、dicates the goods and expressly（）在未订立合同之前，要约得orimplicitlyfixesormakesprovisionfor予撤销，如果撤销通知于被要约人determining the quantity and the price.发出承诺 通知之前送达被要约人。(2) A proposalother than one addressed to one or（）但在下列情况下， 要约不得more specific persons is to be considered merely撤销 ：asaninvitationtomakeoffers,unlesst

30、he（）要约写明承诺期限或以其它contraryisclearlyindicatedby the person making方式表示要约是不可撤销的；或the proposal.（）被要约人有理由信赖该项要约是不可撤销的，而且被要约人已本着对该项要约的信赖行事。公平Article 15原则(1)An offerbecomes effectivewhen itreachestheofferee.第十七条 要约终止(2) An offer, even if it is irrevocable, may be要约，即使是不可撤销的，于拒绝withdrawn if the withdrawal rea

31、ches the offeree通知送达要约人时终止。before or at the same time as the offer.第十八条 承诺定义Article 16（）被要约人声明或做出其它行(1) Until a contract is concluded an offer may be为表示同意一项要约，即是承诺，revokedifthe revocationreachestheofferee缄默或不行动本身不等于承诺。before he has dispatched an acceptance.（） 承诺于表示同意的通知送达(2) However, an offer cannot

32、 be revoked:要约人时生效 。如果表示同意的通(a) if it indicates, whether by stating a fixed知在要约人所规定的时间内，如未timefor acceptanceorotherwise,thatitis规定时间，在一段合理的时间内，irrevocable; or未曾送达要约人， 承诺就成为无效，(b) if it was reasonable for the offeree to rely但须适当地考虑到交易的情况，包on the offeras beingirrevocableand theofferee括要约人所使用的通讯方法的迅速ha

33、s acted in reliance on the offer.程序。对口头要约必须立即承诺，但情况有别者不在此限。（）但是，如果根据该项要约或Article 17依照当事人之间确立的习惯作法和An offer,even ifit isirrevocable,isterminated惯例，被要约人可以做出某种行为，精选资料，欢迎下载。when a rejection reaches the offeror.Article 18(1) A statement made by or other conduct of theoffereeindicatingassenttoanofferisana

34、cceptance.Silenceorinactivitydoesnotinitself amount to acceptance.(2) An acceptance of an offer becomes effectiveat themoment theindicationofassent reachestheofferor. An acceptance is not effective if theindication of assent does not reach the offerorwithin the time he has fixed or, if no time isfix

35、ed,withina reasonabletime,due account beingtaken of the circumstances of the transaction,includingtherapidityofthemeansofcommunication employed by the offeror. An oraloffermustbe acceptedimmediatelyunlessthecircumstances indicate otherwise.(3) However, if, by virtue of the offer or as aresultofpract

36、iceswhichthe partieshaveestablished between themselves or of usage, theoffereemay indicateassentby performingan act,such as one relating tothe dispatch of thegoodsor payment of the price, without notice to theofferor,theacceptanceiseffectiveat themomentthe act is performed, provided that the act isp

37、erformed within the period of time laid down in the preceding paragraph.Article 19(1) A reply to an offer which purports to be anacceptance but contains additions, limitations or other modifications is a rejection of the offerand constitutes a counter-offer.(2) However, a reply to an offer which pur

38、ports to be an acceptance but contains additional ordifferentterms which do not materiallyalterthetermsoftheofferconstitutesan acceptance,unless the offeror, without undue delay, objectsorally to the discrepancy or dispatches a noticeto thateffect.Ifhe does not so object,the termsof the contract are

39、 the terms of the offer with the modifications contained in the acceptance.例如与发运货物或支付价款有关的行为，来表示同意，而无须向要约人发出通知，则 承诺于该项行为做出时生效 ，但该项行为必须在上一款所规定的期间内做出。 传统做法第十九条 镜子反射（）对要约表示承诺 但载有添加、限制或其它更改的答复，即为拒绝该项要约，并构成 反要约 。（）但是，对要约表示承诺 但载有添加或不同条件的答复，如所载的添加或不同条件在 实质上并不变更该项要约的条件 ，除要约人在不过分迟延的期间内以口头或书面通知反对其间的差异外，仍构成承诺

40、。如果要约人不做出这种反对，合同的条件就以该项要约的条件以及承诺通知内所载的更改为准。（）有关 货物价格、付款、货物质量和数量、交货地点和时间、一方当事人对另一方当事人的赔偿责任范围或解决争端等等的添加或不同条件，均视为在实质上变更要约的条件。第二十条承诺期间（）要约人在电报或信件内规定的承诺期间，从电报交发时刻或信上载明的发信日期起算，如信上未载明发信日期，则从信封上所载日期起算。要约人以电话、电传或其它快速通讯方法规定的承诺 期间，从要约送达被要约人时起算。（）在计算承诺期间时，承诺期间内的正式假日或非营业日应计算在内。但是，如果承诺 通知在承诺期间的最后天未能送到要约人地址，因为那天在要

41、约人营业地是正式假日或非营业日，则承诺期间应顺延至下一个营业日。精选资料，欢迎下载。(2) Additionalor differentterms relating,amongother things, to the price, payment, quality andquantityof the goods, place and time of delivery,extent of one partys liability to the other orthe settlementof disputesare consideredto alterthe terms of the offer

42、 materially.Article 20(1) A period of time for acceptance fixed by the offeror in a telegram or a letter begins to runfrom themoment thetelegramishanded infordispatch or from the date shown onthe letter or,if no such date is shown, from the date shown ontheenvelope.Aperiodof timeforacceptancefixedby

43、 theofferorby telephone,telexor othermeans of instantaneous communication, begins torun from the moment that the offer reaches theofferee.(2)Officialholidaysornon-businessdaysoccurring during the period for acceptance areincluded in calculating the period. However, ifa noticeofacceptancecannotbe del

44、iveredattheaddress of the offeror on the last day of theperiodbecausethatdayfallsonanofficialholidayoranon-businessday at theplace ofbusiness of the offeror, the period is extended until the first business day which follows.Article 21(1) A late acceptance is nevertheless effectiveasanacceptanceif wi

45、thoutdelaytheofferororallysoinformstheoffereeordispatchesanotice to that effect.(2)Ifa letterorotherwritingcontaininga lateacceptance shows that it has been sent in suchcircumstances that if its transmission had beennormal it would have reached the offeror in duetime,thelateacceptanceiseffectiveasanacceptanceunless,withoutdelay,theofferororally informs the offeree that he considers hisoffer as having lapsed or dispatches a notice to第二十一条（） 逾期承诺 仍有承诺的效力，如果要约人毫不迟延地用口头或书面将此种意见通知被要约人。一般无效，除非通知（）如果载有逾期承诺的信件或其它书面文件表明，它是在传递正常、能及时送达要约人的情况下寄发的，则该项逾期承诺具有承诺的效力，除非要约人毫不迟延地用口头或书面通知被要约人：他认为他的要约已经