宾语从句考点归纳

1、宾语从句考点归纳复习目标：1. 掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词2. 掌握宾语从句的语序一主句+连接词+主语+谓语3. 掌握宾语从句，主句与从句在时态上的呼应。重点：语序和时态呼应难点：语序和时态呼应；与疑问词+不定式的转化；与状语从句的辨析考点梳理：一. 宾语从句的连接词1. 连词that,只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被 省略。eg. He knew (that) he should work hard 2. 连词辻、whether,它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在 口语中多用辻。eg. Tom don*t know if/whe 什】 er

2、his grandpa liked the presentHe asked me whether or not I was coming 一般情况卜,if和whether可以互换，但以卜3种情况只能用whether： 在不定式刖：Whether to go there or not hasn，t been decided 在介词刖：It depends on (依靠)whether it is going to rain. 与 or not 连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not3 连接代词 who, whom, whose,

3、what, which,连接副词 when, where, why, how,它们起连 接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in.I wonder where he got so much money.【注意】1. 山连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。eg. I dont know how I should do with the presents 二 I don t know how to do with the presents 2. 要注意区分判断

4、由辻、when引导的从句类型.二. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分S特别强调：它 的 主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。Can you tell me who (m) do we have to see? (X)Can you tell me who (m) we have to see? (、/)The teacher asked the students what they were doing(思考：what 在从句中的成分) 陈述句变为宾语从句时，要注意人称和时态的变化，语序不变。eg. She said, “I will l

5、ea-e a message on the desk 一 She said she would leave a message on the desk 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，也要注意人称和时态的变化，后面接陈 述语序。Eg. uWliere are the tickets?/z I asked him. I asked liim where the tickets三. 宾语从句的时态呼应宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受到主句谓语时态的制约，此为时态呼应。如果主 句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，从句谓语的时态不受限制：如果主句谓语的 时态是 一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时

6、态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去 将来时、过去完成时)。eg. I thought (that) you are free today (X )I thought (that) you would be free today (7)【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用 一般现在时。eg The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.皿其他需要说明的问题1. 标点由主句决定，如主句是陈述句、祈使句，则用句号；是疑问句则用问号。eg. I heard she had been to the Gr

7、eat Wai 1. Can you tell me which bus I should take?2. 要注意个别句子中主从句人称的一致。五宾语从句和状语从句的区分eg. 1)1 will go out tomorrow if it is fine 2) I dor? t know if the train has arrived 句1)中辻引导的是状语从句。这个从句表示“条件匕修饰主句。整个句子的意 思是 如果明天天气好，我就出去。句2)中辻引导的是宾语从句，充当谓语动词dont know 的宾语。整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否到达。判断方法：1. 可以从整个句式看。状语从句一般可以放

8、在主句的前面或后面(个别除外)，宾语 从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。2. 从引导词看。if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether,词义为“是否”， 充当状语从句的连接词时，词义为“如果”。when充当宾语从句的连接词时，意 为“什么时候S充当状语从句的连接词时，意为“当的时候S3从时态看。if和wh巳n作连接词时，引导宾语从句要注意：从句的谓语动词的时 态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。if和Mien充当从属连词时，引导条件 和时间 状语从句，若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，则从句的时态应用一般现 在时表示将 来。同步检测一、用合适的连接词填空1 Wang Hai told mehe did

9、n，t go cycling yesterday afternoon (how, why)2. Can you tell meelse is going to be on duty to day? (who, whom)3. She said it wouldn，t mat ter much (that, if)4. He always thinkshe can do better(how, who)5. I really don*t knowthe bridge will be finished (how long, how soon)6. They don t knowwe are goi

10、ng hiking 7. She wanted to knowher coat would be ready the next day.8. I was really surprised at I saw.9. I dont know so many people crowding round him10 Do you knowshirt it is?二、句型转换1. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.(改为宾语从句)Please tell me .2. What does he do? Do you know?(改为宾语从句)tDo you

11、 knowhe ?3. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys.(改为宾语从句)He asked the boystheyfried chicken.4. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I dont know.(改为宾语从句)一I dont know the watchmade in Shanghai5. “Do you want to tiy something new? Toms mother asked him （同 乂句） Tom s mot her asked himto try some thin

12、g new 6. 1 think this is a good idea.（改为否定句） I thisa good idea 7 Lucy hasnrt decided which trousers to buy.（改为复合句） Lucy hasn*t decidedbuy.8. I dont know how I can get to the hospital.（改为简单句）一I don，t knowto the hospital.三、选择题1 I dont knowhe will be back home A who B. what C when D where2. Could you t

13、ell me?A. where do you live B. who you are waiting forC who were you waiting for D where youlive in3. Do you still remember?A. that he said B what he said C did he say that D what did he say4. I cant understandthe boy alone A. why she left B why did she leave C why she had left D. why had she left5.

14、 She told me the sunin the eastA. rise B. rose C rises D had risen6. They tried to find outthe new train A. how far/ had gone B how long/ has gone C how far/ went D how far had/ run7. The manager came up to see A. what was the matter B what the matter wasC what the mat ter is D what，s the mat ter8.

15、Can you tell me?A where are you doing B. where do you studyC. where you were doing D where yu study9. I cant understandthe boy aloneA. why she let B. why did she leave C. why had she left D why she had left10. He asked his father A. where it happens B where did it happenC how it happened D how did i

16、t happen11 No one tells us , so we need your helpA how we should do B what should we doC. how to do it D what to do it12. Could you please teach methe computerA. how check B to check C how to check D to how checking13. hell come or not isn*t important.A. Why B. If C. Whether D. What14. Would you lik

17、e to knowthey will do it or not.A. if B. that C. whether D. why15. 一Wliere do you tliiiik hethe TV set? 一 Sony, e no ideaA. A bought B has, bought C did, buy D did bought16. Our homework has changed a lot Who can tellit would be like infive years A. how, another B what, more C how , other D what, another17. Could you tell me ? 一 Yes. Heto the USA.A. where is he/ has been B where he is/ has goneC where was he/ has been D where he was/ has gone18 一Mike wants to know ifa picnic tomonow一Yes But if it、 well visit the museum instead.A. you have/ will rainB you will have/ will rainC you will have/ r